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大家好大家好FOREIGH LANGUAGE TEACHING AND RESEARCH PRESS AIR FORCE ENGINEERING UNIVERTISY4The confusing pursuit of beautyUnit Unit 2 2 Section ASection ABeautyisnotintheface;beautyisalightintheheart.Kahlil Gibran Youcantakenocreditforbeautyatsixteen.Butifyouarebeautifulatsixty,itwillbeyoursoulsowndoing.Marie Stopes 42UNITSecretstobeautySection A 42UNITTheconfusingpursuitofbeautyObjectivesObjectivesTotalkaboutpeoplespursuitofbeautyTofullyunderstandthetextToapplythephrasesandpatternsTomastertheskillofwritingacomparison/contrastessaySecretstobeautyContentsASectionWarming-upActivitiesTextStudyLanguageApplicationSummaryThe confusing pursuit of beautyWarming-upActivitiesLead-inLead-inPre-reading ActivitiesPre-reading ActivitiesCultural BackgroundCultural BackgroundASectionThe confusing pursuit of beautyLead-inLead-inShort Answer Questions1.Whataretheseproductsinthefollowingpicturesusedfor?Lipstickisusedtoapplycolortothelips.Nailpolishisappliedtofingernailsortoenailstodecorateand/orprotectthenails.(a)(b)Lead-inLead-inShort Answer Questions1.Whataretheseproductsinthefollowingpicturesusedfor?Eyeshadowisappliedtoareasaroundtheeyes,usuallyontheeyelidsandundertheeyebrows,tomaketheeyesstandoutorlookmoreattractive.Mascaraisusedtoenhancetheeyes.Itmayhelpmaketheeyelashesdarker,thickerandlonger.(c)(d)Lead-inLead-inShort Answer Questions1.Whataretheseproductsinthefollowingpicturesusedfor?Eyelinerisusedtodrawlinesaroundtheeyessoastocreateamorebeautifulcontour.Powder foundation is used totonethefaceandgiveitaneven,uniformcolor.Itcancoverflaws,and some can also protect theface from damage caused bysunlight.(e)(f)Lead-inLead-inShort Answer Questions2.Arebeautyproductsusedbywomenonly?Whatdomenusuallydowiththeirphysicallooks?TipsTipsTipsTips Yes,they are generally used by women.Whatmenusuallydomaybejustshavingandhavingahaircut.No,Idontthinkonlywomenusecosmetics.Although men in general do not use suchproducts in daily life,it is possible that maleactorsandsingerswearsomemakeupwhentheyperform.Appreciate and TalkPre-reading ActivitiesPre-reading ActivitiesAppreciate the following sayings about beauty and then talk about your own understanding of beauty.Beautyoutsidecatchestheeyesbuttherealbeautythatlieswithincapturestheheart.Externalbeautydisappearsasyouagebutinternalbeautyisrememberedevenwhenyouarelonggonefromthisearth.TipsTipsTipsTipsPre-reading ActivitiesPre-reading ActivitiesBeautyisthecombinationofallthequalitiesofa person or thing that delight the senses andpleasethemind.Physicalbeautyinthepresentsociety really plays a very important role forpeople.However,thereisnoeverlastingbeautifulappearancebecauseofthepowerofmagicianoftime.Even though cosmetics do contribute todelaythearrivalofaging,appearanceofyouthwilldisappear just like flower fades away.The realbeauty is reflected in ones soul,not solely inappearance.TipsTipsTipsTipsAppreciate and TalkOne of the most successful,influentialand beloved women in American history,Eleanor Roosevelt once said that she hadoneregret:shewishedshehadbeenprettier.Whohasntfeltthesameway?Wearealltoo_ of our physical imperfections.Toovercome them,we spend billions uponbillions of dollars every year on cosmetics,dietproducts,fashion,andplastic_.To be continuedTo be continuedawaresurgeryListen to a short passage concerning the power of beauty.Whydowecaresomuchabouthowwelook?Becauseit_.Becausebeautyispowerful.Becauseevenwhenwelearntovaluepeoplemostlyforbeingkindandwiseandfunny,wearestillmovedbybeauty.Nomatter how much we _ it orpretend to be immune,beauty _ itspoweroverus.Thereissimplynoescape.mattersargue againstTo be continuedTo be continuedexertsListen to a short passage concerning the power of beauty.Our _ to physical beauty is notsomethingwecancontrol_.Wearebornwithit.ExperimentsconductedbypsychologistJudith J.Langlois showed that even smallinfantsprefertolookatattractivefaces.Beforethey have met a single supermodel,beforetheyhavewatchedasingleTVshow,beforethey have opened up a single fashionmagazine,theyaredrawntothesamefaceswhichadultshave_tobeattractive.at will judgedTo be continuedTo be continuedsensitivityListen to a short passage concerning the power of beauty.Therearemoreimportantthingsinlifethanbeauty.But as Etcoff says,“We have tounderstand beauty,or we will always be_byit.”Ifyouaimtobewiseandkindandfunny,itdoesntmeanthatyoucantalsotry your best to look beautiful.Theres noreasonto_beingmovedbybeautyspower.Itmovesusall.enslavedfeel guilty aboutListen to a short passage concerning the power of beauty.Questions Previewing1.WhatisBuzz-Off?2.WhoisOprah?Whatisshebest-knownfor?TipsTipsTipsTipsTipsTipsTipsTipsCultural BackgroundCultural Background1.WhatisBuzz-Off?It is a fictional character from a popularanimation series called He-Man and the Master of the Universe(超级宇宙战士),produced by the American companyFilmation in 1983.It is a bee with theappearanceofahumanandcomesfromaraceofBeepeople.Cultural BackgroundCultural BackgroundBuzz-Off2.WhoisOprah?Whatisshebest-knownfor?Cultural BackgroundCultural BackgroundOprahTipsTipsTipsTipsOprahisanAmericanmediatalkshowhostess,actress,producer and philanthropist.She hasbeenrankedtherichestAfrican-Americanofthe20thcenturyandthegreatestblackphilanthropist in American history.She is bestknownforherself-titledtalkshowknownasThe Oprah Winfrey Show.Theshowhasbecomethehighest-ratedprogramofitskindinhistoryandwonmanyawards.Main Idea&StructureMain Idea&StructureLanguage Language FocusFocusCritical Critical ThinkingThinkingTextStudyASectionThe confusing pursuit of beautyTipsTipsTipsTipsForm an honest yet sensitive response,then promptly excuse himself for somekindofemergencybecauseitisveryhardfor the man to answer the questioncorrectly.Whatistheeasiestwayoutwhenamanisaskedbyawomantocommentonherlooks?Andwhy?(Para.2)This part is the introduction.It tells thereadersthatitisveryhardforamantoanswerwhenawomanaskshimhowshelooks.Part I (Paras.1-_)2No.Mendonotthinkoftheirlooksinthesamewaywomendo.TipsTipsTipsTipsDomenandwomenperceivetheirownlooksinthesameway?(Para.3)Men stick to an opinionandliketothinkofthemselves as average-looking.(Paras.3-4)MensattitudeWomentendtothinktheirappearance is“not goodenough”.(Para.5)WomensattitudeBecauseofmanycomplexpsychologicalandsocietalfactors.TipsTipsTipsTipsWhydomenandwomenviewtheirlookssodifferently?(Para.6)Girls dolls have slim figures whosephysicalmeasurementsareimpossibleforlivinghumanbeingstoachieve.Factor 1Childhood experience with toysBoystoysareweird-looking.Girls BoysThebeautyindustryconvinceswomenthattheymustbuythenewestbeautyproductsandapplythemcarefully.(Para.7)Factor 2Influence of the beauty industryMen are not influenced by the beautyindustry;theydontfacethesocietalfocuspurelyonphysicalbeauty.(Para.8)Women Men Men take no notice of the details inwomensappearance.(Para.9)Womenspendgreateffortsondetailsofappearanceonlytoexposethemselvestocriticismsbyotherwomen.(Para.10)TipsTipsTipsTipsWhat are the differences between men andwomenincarefordetailsinwomensappearance?(Paras.9-10)Thispartisthebodyoftheessay,inwhichmen and women are contrasted on threepoints.Firstly,itconcernshowthetwosexes_theirownlooks.Secondly,itfocusesonthe_and_factorsthatcausethedifferencesinthewaymenandwomenviewtheirownappearances.Finally,ittalksaboutthedifferentdegreeofattentionwomenandmenpaytotheextra_ofwomensappearance.Part II (Paras.3-_)10psychologicalperceivesocietaldetailsWhat conclusion does the author draw aftercontrasting men and women on different points?(Para.11)Thereisnoeasywayforamantoanswerawomansquestionofhowshelooks.TipsTipsTipsTipsThispartistheconclusion,whichrestatestheauthorsviewthatthereisnoeasywayforamantoanswerawomansquestionofhowshelooks.Part III (Para.11)Thistextisacontrastessay.Tofindoutwhyit is difficult for a man to answer when awomanaskshimhowshelooks,theauthordiscussesthedifferencesbetweenmenandwomen.Theauthororganizesthesupportingdetails by using the point-by-point method.The specific“points”or criteria of contrastare how the two sexes perceive their ownlooks,whatfactorscausethisdifference,aswell as how much care they pay to thedetailsofappearance.Main Idea of the TextMain Idea&StructureMain Idea&StructureWhenawomanasksamanhowshelooks,itisveryhardforthemantoanswer.(Paras.1-2)IntroductionSupporting view 1Supporting view 2Supporting view 3Mendonotthinkoftheirlooksinthesamewayaswomendo.Thedifferencesbetweenhowwomenandmenviewtheirownlooksarecausedbycomplexpsychologicalandsocietalfactors.Differencesincarefordetailsinwomensappearance.Thereisnoeasywayforamantoanswerawomansquestionofhowshelooks.(Para.11)The confusing pursuit of beauty Whenawomanasksamanhowshelooks,itisverydifficultforhimto_ therightanswer.Mendonotthinkoftheirlooksinthesamewayaswomendo.They_anopinionand like to think of themselves as average-looking.They dont _ totheirlooks.However,womentendtothinktheirappearanceis“notgoodenough”.Theywould_ the smallest imperfections in e up withaffix much value tostick toTo be continuedTo be continuedmagnifyThedifferencesbetweenhowmenandwomenview their own looks are caused by complex_andsocietalfactors.First,menandwomenhavedifferentchildhoodexperiences with toys.Girls dolls have slimfigures whose physical measurements are_forlivinghumanbeingstoachievewhile boys toys are weird-looking.Second,beauty industry exerts different influences onthem.Women are _ thattheymustbuy the newest beauty products and _themcarefully,To be continuedTo be continuedpsychologicalimpossibleconvincedapplywhereasmenarenotinfluenced;theydontface the societal _ purely on physicalbeauty.Menandwomenalsohavedifferences in care for details in womensappearance.Men _ thedetails,but women spend great efforts ondetails of appearance only to _themselvestocriticismsbyotherwomen.Anyway,togetbacktomy_point:Thereisnoeasywayforamantoanswerawomansquestionofhowshelooks.focustake no notice ofexposeoriginalPractical PhrasesPractical Phrases Specific Specific Meanings Meanings1.affixvalueto认为有价值2.liveupto不辜负；符合pletewith包括，连同，齐备的4.adhereto遵守；拥护；坚信5.inhopesof怀有的希望6.reachoutto请求的帮助7.become/beobsessedwith（变得）对迷恋8.voiceanopinionon表达对的看法认为认为有价值有价值(attract/affix great value to)Ifyoureallywanttoattractcustomers,youneedtoaffix great value to thequalityoftheproductssoldinyourstore.affix value to 短语逆译短语应用如果你真正想要吸引顾客，你就必须十分重视自己店里所卖产品的质量。意群提示不辜负；符合不辜负；符合(live up to/minimum standards)Ifyouwanttograduate,youmustlive up to theminimumstandardssetbytheuniversity.live up to短语逆译短语应用如果你想毕业，就必须达到大学设定的最低标准。意群提示包括，连同，包括，连同，齐备的齐备的(complete with/a running track)Thenewly-builtschoolcampusisverymodern,complete plete with短语逆译短语应用新建的校园十分现代，包括一个室内游泳池以及楼顶上的跑道。意群提示遵守；拥护；坚信遵守；拥护；坚信Asadevotedseniorofficial,healwaysadheres to hisprincipleofconduct.adhere to短语逆译短语应用作为一名忠诚的高级官员，他始终坚守自己的行为准则。意群提示(senior official/adhere to/principle of conduct)怀有有的希望的希望(be buried/ruins/in hopes of/attract ones attention)Thevictimburiedundertheruinsmadesomesoundbyknockingin hopes of attractingtherescuersattention.in hopes of短语逆译短语应用埋在废墟下的受害者通过敲击发出一些声响，希望能够引起救援人员的注意。意群提示请求求的帮助的帮助(reach out to/encounter/challenge)Sometimes,weneedtolearntoreach out to others,especiallywhenweencounterbigchallenges.短语逆译短语应用有时,我们需要学会向他人求助,特别是当我们遭遇巨大挑战时。意群提示reach out to（变得）得）对迷恋迷恋(racing toy cars/be obsessed with)Itshardtobelievethatthesegrownmenare so obsessed with racingtoycars.短语逆译短语应用很难相信，这群成年人竟然对玩具赛车如此着迷。意群提示become/be obsessed with表达表达对的看法的看法(voice ones opinion on/prospect)Atthemeeting,everyonewasrequiredtovoice his opinion on theprospectofthecompany.短语逆译短语应用会上，每个人都要发表自己对公司前景的看法。意群提示voice an opinion on Functional Functional Patterns Patterns Functions&Usages Functions&Usages1.noamountofsth.willdo用于表达“无论如何都不会发生期待的结果”。2.sth.happens,especiallywhen用于表达“事物的普遍性或严重性”。3.ImnotsayingthatImjustsayingthat用于更正“某人真实的想法”。4.Anyway,togetbacktomyoriginalpoint:用于表达“言归正传”。对于她的这一问题，无论你事先练习多少次，都不会找到正确答案。原句译原句译文文逆译练逆译练习习No amount of rehearsalwillhelpyoucomeupwiththerightanswer.句型提句型提炼Noamountofsth.willdo句型提炼句型提炼应用提示应用提示用于表达“无论如何都不会发生期待的结果”。句型句型应用用(stubborn/no amount of words)典型例句他十分固执，无论怎么说，都不会使他改变心意。意群提示Heisverystubbornandno amount of wordswillmakehim changehismind.要达到这样的标准是很荒唐的，尤其是当我们想想那种洋娃娃的腰围尺寸，就知道其相对尺寸对任何一个活人来说都是不可企及的。原句译文原句译文逆译练习逆译练习Thisisanabsurdstandardtoliveupto,especially when youconsiderthesizeofthedollswaist,arelativemeasurementphysicallyimpossibleforalivinghumantoachieve.句型提句型提炼Sth.happens,especiallywhen句型提炼句型提炼应用提示应用提示用于表达“事物的普遍性或严重性”。句型句型应用用(study abroad/beloved ones)典型例句出国留学会是一次艰难的经历，特别是当你不得不离开所爱的人，独自面对全新的环境。意群提示Studyingabroadcanbeadifficultexperience,especially when you have to leave yourbelovedonesandfacethenewenvironmentallalone.我并不是说男性优于女性。我的意思是你不可能让一群中年男子在布拉德 皮特的指导下把化妆品敷到自己脸上，期望自己能看起来更像布拉德。原句译文原句译文逆译练习逆译练习Im not saying that menaresuperior.Im just saying that yourenotgoingtogetagroupofmiddle-agedmentoplastercosmeticstothemselvesundertheinstructionofBradPittinhopesoflookingmorelikehim.句型提句型提炼Imnotsayingthat.Imjustsayingthat.句型提炼句型提炼应用提示应用提示用于更正“某人真实的想法”。句型句型应用用(be of no importance/inner beauty/valuable)典型例句我不是说外貌不重要；我的意思是内在美在大多数情况下更加珍贵。意群提示Im not saying that appearance is of noimportance.Im just saying that inner beauty,undermostconditions,ismorevaluable.不管怎样，言归正传：如果你是一位男性，当有女士问你她看起来怎么样时，你千万不能说她看起来很糟糕，那样肯定会使她立刻迁怒于你，这也是你咎由自取。原句译文原句译文逆译练习逆译练习Anyway,to get back to my original point:Ifyoureaman,andawomanasksyouhowshelooks,youcantsayshelooksbadwithoutreceivingimmediateandwell-deservedoutrage.句型提句型提炼Anyway,togetbacktomyoriginalpoint:句型提炼句型提炼应用提示应用提示用于表达“言归正传”。句型句型应用用(shower sb.with sth./material things/spoil)典型例句不管怎样，言归正传：父母不应给孩子太多物质的东西而宠坏孩子。意群提示Anyway,to get back my original point:Parentsshould not spoil their children by showeringthemwithtoomanymaterialthings.一位女士，无论她看起来多么吸引人，她对自己的看法总是由于受美容业的影响而蒙着一层阴影。a.Nomatterhowattractiveawomanmaybe,herperceptionofherselfiseclipsedbythebeautyindustry.(Para.5,L2)她把身体上的极小的不完美之处加以放大，并且幻想这些缺点十分明显，以至于全世界的人都会注意到并且嘲笑她。b.Shemagnifiesthesmallestimperfectionsinherbodyandimaginesthemasglaringflawsthewholeworldwillnoticeandridicule.(Para.5,L4)c.Nonetheless,themultibillion-dollarbeautyindustry,completewithitsownaisleinthegrocerystore,isdevotedtoconstantwarfareonfemaleself-esteem,convincingwomenthattheymustbuyallthenewestmoisturizingcreams,bronzingpowdersandappliancesthatpromiseto“stimulateandrestore”theirskin.(Para.7,L2)尽管如此，产值达几十亿美元的美容业，在超市化妆品销售专区的配合下，总是在不停地攻击着女性的自尊，使其相信自己只有购买最新的保湿面霜、古铜散粉，以及各种美容器具，才能“激发和恢复”肌肤活力。女性参与这种极端的从众行为，实际上是把自己置于其他女性的审视之下，因为只有那些女性才有资格评价她们所付出的努力。d.Byparticipatinginthissystemofextremeconformity,womenareactuallyopeningthemselvesuptothescrutinyofotherwomen,theonlyonesqualifiedtojudgetheirefforts.(Para.10,L1)但是，你也不能慷慨地大放空洞之词，赞美她的鞋子和裙子是多么相配，因为她知道你是在说谎。e.Butyoualsocantshowerherwithemptycomplimentsabouthowhershoescomplementherdressnicelybecauseshellknowyourelying.(Para.11,L3)1.Whatarethefactorsthatmakewomenpaymuchgreaterattentiontotheirappearancethanmendo?2.Arethereanyoccasionsinlifewhereitisnecessaryforaperson,eitherawomanoraman,tolookgood?Whyorwhynot?3.Whatdoyouconsiderasthemostimportanttraitsthatmakeapersonbeautiful?TipsTipsTipsTipsTipsTipsTipsTipsTipsTipsTipsTipsIthinktherearethreemainfactors.Thefirstareculturaltraditions.Itiscommoninmanyculturesthatpeopleputhighvalueonbeautywhentheylookatwomen.Thesecondistherequirementofcertainjobs.Forexample,Chinaairlinecompaniessetcertaincriteriaforappearancewhentheyrecruitstewardsandstewardesses.Finally,theinfluenceofthemediaisanotherstrongfactorwhichshapeswomenspursuitofphysicalbeauty.1.Whatarethefactorsthatmakewomenpaymuchgreaterattentiontotheirappearancethanmendo?2.Arethereanyoccasionsinlifewhereitisnecessaryforaperson,eitherawomanoraman,tolookgood?Whyorwhynot?Yes.Oncertainformaloccasions,aperson,eitherfemaleormale,hastopayattentiontohisattire.Samplecasesarejobinterviews,businessmeetings,weddings,andbanquets.Thisisbecausetodressproperlyisanimportantelementofsuccessfulcompletionoftheseevents.No.Peopledonothavetocarewhatothersthinkofthemaslongastheyfeelcomfortableandsatisfiedwiththeirlooksthemselves.Afterall,thisisthemostimportantsourceofhappinesstopeople.Inmyopinion,theimportanttraitsofhumanbeautyincludetwotypes,oneforappearanceandoneforinnerqualities.Featuresthatcharacterizeabeautifulappearanceareagood-lookingbody,properclothesandaccessories,aswellastheuseofmakeupthatmatchestheoccasionoreventoneisattending.Innerqualitiesthatmakeapersonbeautifulmainlyincludegoodmannersandpositivepersonalitytraitssuchashonesty,braveryorfriendliness.3.Whatdoyouconsiderasthemostimportanttraitsthatmakeapersonbeautiful?Q:Cosmeticsurgeryisbecomingincreasinglypopularamong young people in both eastern and westernsocieties.Canyouanalyzethereasonsbehindthat?Therearevariousreasonswhypeopleoptforcosmeticsurgery.External factors:Avoidanceofethnicprejudice;fearofagediscrimination;pressurefromworkingenvironment,etc.Internal factors:Astrongdesiretodiminishunpleasantfeelingsrelatedtolooks;toalteraspecificfeaturethatdoesnotmeetonesownexpectation;acrazypursuitforlong-lastingyouth;beingcompetitiveincareeradvancement,etc.Q1:Whatdomostpeoplethinkoftheirappearancesaccordingtothevideo?Watch a video clip and discuss the following questions.Video WatchingTipsTipsTipsTipsQ2:Whatmessagedoyougetfromthevideoclip?TipsTipsTipsTips Back 1.Howdomostpeopleperceivetheirappearancesaccordingtothevideo?Theyarenotsatisfiedwiththeirlooks.Theyfocusmoreontheimperfectionsoftheirphysicalappearances.Theythinktheyarelessprettythantheyreallyare.2.Whatmessagedoyougetfromthevideoclip?Wearemorebeautifulthanwethoughtweshouldbe.Therefore,weshouldspendmoretime appreciating the things we do likeinstead of wasting time trying to fix theimperfectionsofourphysicalappearance.Language ApplicationWriting DevicesWriting DevicesOral ReproductionOral ReproductionParagraph TranslationParagraph TranslationASectionThe confusing pursuit of beautyWriteacomparison/contrastessayAcomparison/contrastessayisanessayinwhichtwothingsarecomparedorcontrasted.Inacomparisonessay,theauthorshowshowtwothingsaresimilar;inacontrastessay,theauthordiscusseshowtwothingsaredifferent.Therearetwobasicmethodstoorganizethebodyofacomparison/contrastessay.Oneisthe“point-by-point”or“alternating”method.Theotheristhe“subject-by-subject”pattern,alsoreferredtoasthe“side-by-side”orthe“block”pattern.to be continuedto be continuedWith“point-by-point”style,supportingdetailsarepresentedaccordingtothe“points,”namelythecriteriaofcomparison/contrast.Theauthorfirsttalksabouthowtwosubjectsaresimilarordifferentwithrespecttoonepoint,andthenhemoves to the next point to do the same.Theprocess will be repeated until all points arefinished.In the format of“subject-by-subject”,theauthorfullyexplainsonesubjectbypresentingall its points or characteristics.He thenproceedstodothesamefortheothersubject.to be continuedto be continuedLets look at two outlines of an essay that discusses whether domestic cosmetics or foreign cosmetics are better.They show the two patterns respectively.Introduction:Tobuydomesticcosmeticsisabetterchoiceinviewofaffordabilityandthetimeofdistributiontostores.Body:1 Affordability(Price)(a)Domesticcosmetics:lessexpensive,easilyaffordable(b)Foreigncosmetics:moreexpensive2 Time span between production and purchase(a)Domesticcosmetics:lesstimeneededforbeingdeliveredtostoresforsale(b)Foreigncosmetics:moretimeneededfordistributionbecauseofimportingproceduresConclusion:Domesticcosmeticsenjoyuniqueadvantagesoverimportedproducts.to be continuedto be continuedPoint by pointIntroduction:Tobuydomesticcosmeticsisabetterchoiceinviewofaffordabilityandthetimeofdistributiontostores.Body:1Domesticcosmetics(a)Affordableprices(b)Shortertimeofstorage:lesstimeneededforbeingdeliveredtostoresforsale2Foreigncosmetics(a)Highprices(b)Longertimeofstorage:moretimeneededfordistributionbecauseofimportingproceduresConclusion:Domesticcosmeticsenjoyuniqueadvantagesoverimportedproducts.to be continuedto be continuedSide by sideRead the sample essay and see how it develops with the“point-by-point”style.Topic:Howareboysandgirlsbroughtup?Introduction:Boysandgirlsarebroughtupinquitedifferentways,whichcanbeseenintheclothestheywear,thetoystheyplaywith,andthegamestheylike.Body:Supporting point 1:Boysandgirlsgrowupwearingdifferentclothes.Boyswearplainandlow-k
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