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Howmanykindsofloveshouldwekeepinmind?FamilymaternallovepaternallovechildrenslovefortheirparentsHowmanykindsofloveshouldwekeepinmind?romanticlovelovebetweenfriendscareforpeoplearoundloveforthenatureloveforanimals1.Inyouropinion,whatislove?2.Whatdoyouthinkarethemostimportantfactorsthat contribute to a stable love relationshipbetweenwomanandman?Giveyourreasons.Thecourseoftrueloveneverdidrunsmooth.(AMidsummerNightsDream1.1)真爱无坦途。真爱无坦途。仲夏夜之梦仲夏夜之梦Things base and vile,holding no quantity,lovecantransposetofromanddignity:lovelooksnot with the eyes,but with mind.(AMidsummerNightsDream1.1)卑贱和劣行在爱情看来都不算数，都可以被转化成美满和庄严：卑贱和劣行在爱情看来都不算数，都可以被转化成美满和庄严：爱情不用眼睛辨别，而是用心灵来判断爱情不用眼睛辨别，而是用心灵来判断仲夏夜之梦仲夏夜之梦Truelovenevergoesold.TrueLoveisgiving,nottaking.Withoutrespect,lovecannotgofar.ToloveistoplaceourhappinessinthehappinessofanotherCompletesinceritycanaffectevenmetalandstone.Loveme,lovemydog.Loveandcoughcannotbebid.Joyisfoundonlyinlove;lifeisfoundonlyinloving.只有在爱中才能找到欢只有在爱中才能找到欢乐，只有在爱别人中才乐，只有在爱别人中才能找到生活。能找到生活。真正的爱永不衰老。真正的爱永不衰老。真挚的爱是给予，真挚的爱是给予，而不是索取。而不是索取。没有尊重的爱难以没有尊重的爱难以久存。久存。爱就是把我们的幸福融爱就是把我们的幸福融入另一个人的幸福之中入另一个人的幸福之中精诚所至，金石为开。精诚所至，金石为开。爱屋及乌。爱屋及乌。爱情象咳嗽，压也爱情象咳嗽，压也压不住。压不住。Whenoneisinlove,onealwaysbeginsbydeceivingonesself,andonealwaysendsbydeceivingothers.Thatiswhatwouldcallsaromance.爱爱，始始于于自自我我欺欺骗骗，终终于于欺欺骗骗他他人人。这这就就是所谓的浪漫。是所谓的浪漫。Starter罗伯特罗伯特彭斯（彭斯（RobertBurns，17591796）诗人生活在破产的农村，和贫苦的农民血肉相连。他的诗歌歌颂了故国诗人生活在破产的农村，和贫苦的农民血肉相连。他的诗歌歌颂了故国家乡的秀美，抒写了劳动者纯朴的友谊和爱情。英国浪漫主义起始于苏家乡的秀美，抒写了劳动者纯朴的友谊和爱情。英国浪漫主义起始于苏格兰农民诗人罗伯特格兰农民诗人罗伯特彭斯，其最优秀的诗歌作品产生于彭斯，其最优秀的诗歌作品产生于17851790年年，收集在诗集，收集在诗集主要以苏格兰方言而写的诗主要以苏格兰方言而写的诗中中。苏格兰农民诗人，在英国文学史苏格兰农民诗人，在英国文学史上占有特殊重要的地位。他复活上占有特殊重要的地位。他复活并丰富了苏格兰民歌；他的诗歌并丰富了苏格兰民歌；他的诗歌富有音乐性，可以歌唱。彭斯生富有音乐性，可以歌唱。彭斯生于苏格兰民族面临被异族征服的于苏格兰民族面临被异族征服的时代，因此，他的诗歌充满了激时代，因此，他的诗歌充满了激进的民主、自由的思想。进的民主、自由的思想。彭斯的诗歌作品多使用苏格兰方言，并多为抒情短诗，如歌颂爱情的名彭斯的诗歌作品多使用苏格兰方言，并多为抒情短诗，如歌颂爱情的名篇篇我的爱人像朵红红的玫瑰我的爱人像朵红红的玫瑰(ARedRedRose)和和往昔的时光往昔的时光(AuldLangSyne)不仅享誉苏格兰，而且闻名世界。不仅享誉苏格兰，而且闻名世界。Omyluveislikeared,redrose,ThatsnewlysprunginJune;Omyluveislikethemelodie,Thatssweetlyplayedintune,Asfairartthou,mybonnielass,SodeepinluveamI;AndIwillluvetheestill,mydear,Tillatheseasgangdry.Tillatheseasgangdry,mydear,Andtherocksmeltwithesun;AndIwillluvetheestill,mydear,Whilethesandsolifeshallrun.Andfaretheeweel,myonlyluve,Andfaretheeweelawhile;AndIwillcomeagain,myluve,Thoitweretenthousandmile!啊，我的爱人象朵红红的玫瑰，啊，我的爱人象朵红红的玫瑰，六月里迎风初开，六月里迎风初开，啊，我的爱人象支甜甜的曲子，啊，我的爱人象支甜甜的曲子，奏得合拍又和谐。奏得合拍又和谐。我的好姑娘，多么美丽的人儿！我的好姑娘，多么美丽的人儿！请看我，多么深挚的爱情！请看我，多么深挚的爱情！亲爱的，我永远爱你，亲爱的，我永远爱你，纵使大海干涸水流尽。纵使大海干涸水流尽。亲爱的，纵使大海干涸水流尽，亲爱的，纵使大海干涸水流尽，太阳将岩石烧作灰尘，太阳将岩石烧作灰尘，亲爱的，我永远爱你，亲爱的，我永远爱你，只要我一息犹存。只要我一息犹存。珍重吧，我唯一的爱人，珍重吧，我唯一的爱人，珍重吧，让我们暂时别离，珍重吧，让我们暂时别离，但我定要回来，但我定要回来，哪怕千里万里！哪怕千里万里！Forauldlangsyne，mydear,Forauldlangsyne,Wewilltakeacupokindnessyet,Forauldlangsyne!Shouldauldacquaintancebeforgot,Andneverbroughttomind?Shouldauldacquaintancebeforgot,Andauldlangsyne?AndsurelyIllbeyourpint-stowp,AndsurelyIllbemine,Andwelltakeacupokindnessyet,Forauldlangsyne!Wetwahaerunaboutthebraes,Andpoudthegowansfine,Butwevewanderdmonieawearyfit,Sinauldlangsyne.WetwahaepaidldintheburnFraemorningsuntilldine,ButseasbetweenusbraidhaeroardSinauldlangsyne.Andtheresahand,mytrustyfiere,Andgiesahandothine,Andwelltakarightguid-williewaught,Forauldlangsyne.为了往昔的时光。为了往昔的时光。我们曾邀游山岗，我们曾邀游山岗，到处将野花拜访。到处将野花拜访。但以后走上疲惫的旅程，但以后走上疲惫的旅程，逝去了往昔的时光！逝去了往昔的时光！我们曾赤脚瞠过河流，我们曾赤脚瞠过河流，水声笑语里将时间忘。水声笑语里将时间忘。如今大海的怒涛把我们隔开，如今大海的怒涛把我们隔开，逝去了往昔的时光！逝去了往昔的时光！忠实的老友，伸出你的手，忠实的老友，伸出你的手，让我们握手聚一堂，让我们握手聚一堂，再来痛饮再来痛饮杯欢乐酒，杯欢乐酒，为了往昔的时光！为了往昔的时光！为了往昔时光，老朋友，为了往昔时光，老朋友，为了往昔的时光，为了往昔的时光，再干一杯友情的酒，再干一杯友情的酒，为了往昔的时光！为了往昔的时光！老朋友哪能遗忘，老朋友哪能遗忘，哪能不放在心上？哪能不放在心上？老朋友哪能遗忘，老朋友哪能遗忘，还有往昔的时光？还有往昔的时光？你来痛饮一大杯，你来痛饮一大杯，我也买酒来相陪。我也买酒来相陪。干一杯友情的酒又何妨？干一杯友情的酒又何妨？Oneday,aboytookhisgirlfriendtodinner.Hewasveryhappyasitwasherbirthdayandthenightwassoromanticand(1)_.Hethoughtshewashisallandherbeautywasbeyonddescription:(2)_andsoft,sweetandkind,(3)_,attractive,pureandshy.Heproducedaringfromhispocketanddecidedto(4)_toher.Butshehesitatedandlefthim(5)_.Theboywasangeredandshoutedatherandthentheywenttheirseparateways.Afterhegothome,hefeltsoguiltythathewantedtocallherto(6)_.Butnobodyansweredthecall.Hewasworriedassheshouldbeathomebythen.Theboygotupanddrovecrazilytothegirlshome.Ontheway,hesawaterriblecar(7)_andwentuptoseeitashewasvery(8)_.Aladywaskilledandcoveredunderthecar.Whenhefoundthatthekilledladywashisgirlfriend,hisheartwasbroken.Heburstintotears,hopingtomeetherin(9)_.“So,myfriends,”hesaid,“giveyourloversmorethanyoucouldgiveandapologizetothemwhentheycanstill(10)_.”fantasticcuteelegantcluelessproposeapologizeaccidentcuriousheavenforgivefantasticbeyonddescription难以描述难以描述adj.extremelygood极好的，极出色的极好的，极出色的e.g.Youlookfantasticinthatdress.fancyn.幻想；想像力幻想；想像力/adj.想象的；奇特的；想象的；奇特的；vt.想象；想象；fantasyn.幻想；白日梦幻想；白日梦e.g.Herbeautyisbeyonddescription.beyondbelief不可置信不可置信beyondcompare无可比拟无可比拟beyondcomparison无以伦比无以伦比beyondconception不可思议不可思议beyondcontrol无法控制无法控制beyondcontroversy无可争议无可争议beyondwords可意会不可言传可意会不可言传beyonddescription无法描写无法描写beyondendurance难以忍受难以忍受beyondestimate无法估计无法估计beyondexpectation出乎意料出乎意料beyondexpression无法形容无法形容beyondhope没有指望没有指望beyondimagination超越想象超越想象proposev.toofferorsuggestapossibleplanoractionforotherpeopletoconsider:e.g.Heproposeddealingdirectlywiththesuppliers.e.g.Iproposethatwewaituntilthebudgethasbeenannouncedbeforecommittingourselvestoanyexpenditure.e.g.Pleaseallowmetoproposeatoasttoyourhealth.他们建议商业区内禁止放鞭炮。他们建议商业区内禁止放鞭炮。e.g.Theyproposethatfirecrackersbeforbiddenindowntownarea.v.asksomeonetomarryyou:e.g.Irememberthenightyourfatherproposedtome.cluelessburstintotearsadj.havingnoknowledgeofsomething,orofthingsingeneraladj.无线索的；愚蠢的无线索的；愚蠢的e.g.Hescompletelycluelessaboutcomputers.tosuddenlystarttocrye.g.Thecrowdburstintoprolongedcheering.e.g.Whenshesawmesheburstintotears.e.g.Thecarcrashed,turnedoverandburstintoflames.e.g.Theaudienceburstintosimultaneousapplause.e.g.Everyoneintheofficeburstintolaugher.3.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?1.Who are the three old men in thestory?2.Didthefamilyagreetoinvitethesameoldmaninatfirst?Whyorwhynot?Listentoashortpassageentitled“AnInvitation”.Workinpairsanddiscussthefollowingquestions.1.Who are the three old men in thestory?2.Didthefamilyagreetoinvitethesameoldmaninatfirst?Whyorwhynot?TheyareWealth,Successandlove.No.becausetheyhaddifferentideasastowhattheywantedmost.WherethereisLove,thereareWealthandSuccess.Inotherwords,loveistheessenceofourlifeandthusthebasisforourpursuitofwealthandsuccess.3.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?1)Awomansawthreeoldmeninherfrontyardandthoughtthattheymustbe_,sosheinvitedthemtocomeinandhavesomething_.2)Theoldmensaidthattheydidnotgointoahouse_.3)Thehusbandwishedtoinvite_,butthewomandid not agree and wished to have _,while theirdaughtersuggested,“_?”4)Thewomancameoutandsaid,“Whichoneofyouis_?Pleasecomeinandbeour_.”hungrytoeattogetherWealthSuccessWouldntitbebettertoinviteLoveLoveguest5)Theothertwooldmenalsogoupandfollowed,which_thewoman.6)Oneoldmantoldthewoman,“Ifyouhadinvited_or_,theothertwoofuswould_”WealthSuccesshavestayedoutsurprisedAwomansawthreeoldmensittinginherfrontyard.Shesaid,“IdontthinkIknowyou,butyoumustbehungry.Pleasecomeinandhavesomethingtoeat.”“Wedonotgointoahousetogether,”theyreplied.“Whyisthat?”shewantedtoknow.One of the old men explained:“His name is Wealth,this isSuccess,and I am Love.”Then he added,“Now go in anddiscusswithyourhusbandwhichoneofusyouwantinyourhome.Thenthewomanwentinandtoldherhusbandwhatwassaid,“LetsinviteWealth.Lethimcomeandfilloutourhomewithwealth.”Hiswifedisagreed,“Mydear,whydontweinviteSuccess?”Then the daughter made a suggestion:“Wouldnt it be better to invite Love?Ourhome will then be filled with love.”“Letstakeourdaughtersadvice,”saidthefather.Sothewomanwentoutandasked,“WhichoneofyouisLove?Pleasecomeinandbeourguest.”Lovegotupandstartedwalkingtowardthehouse.Theothertwoalsogotupandfollowedhim.Surprised,the lady asked Wealth and Success:“I only invitedLove.Whyareyoucomingin?”Theoldmenrepliedtogether:“IfyouhadinvitedWealthorSuccess,theothertwoofuswouldhavestayedout,butsinceyouinvitedLove,whereverHEgoes,wegowithhim.WhereverthereisLove,thereisalsoWealthandSuccess.Whatgiftdoyounormallychoose for your mother,fartheroryourboy/girlfriends?Why?Whatdoyouthinkisthegreatestgiftwecangiveanother?Inwhichway?Iknowyoureyes_Ifeelyoutouchme_Andthemomentthatyou_farfrommeIwannafeelyouinmyarmsagainAndyoucometomeona_KeepmewarminyourloveandthensoftlyleaveAnd_HowdeepisyourloveIsyourloveHowdeepisyourloveinthemorningsuninthepouringrainwandersummerbreezeitsmeyouneedtoshowIreallyneedtolearncause_BreakingusdownWhentheyallshouldletusbe_IbelieveinyouYouknowthedoorto_Yourethelightinmy_Youremy_whenIfallAndyoumaynotthinkthatIcareforyou_ThatIreallydoAnditsme,youneedtoshowwerelivinginaworldoffoolsWebelongtoyouandmemyverysouldeepestdarkesthoursaviourWhenyouknowdowninsideReadthetextandanswerthequestions.1.Howdidtheyoungwomanfindherseatonthebus?2.HowdidSusanbecomeblind?3.WhydidMarkdecidetohelpSusangainthestrengthandconfidence?4.WhydidMarksoonrealizethathiswifehadtostarttakingthebusagain?5.HowdidSusaninitiallyreacttoMarkssuggestionthatshegotoworkalone?6.HowdidMarkpersuadeSusantogotoworkalone?7.HowdidMarkhelpSusangetaccustomedtotakingthebusonherown?8.WhydidthedriversaythatheenviedSusan,ablindwoman?Sheusedherhandstofeelthelocationoftheseats,walked down the aisle and found theseatthedriverhadtoldherwasempty.Shebecameblindduetoamedicalmisdiagnosis.1.Howdidtheyoungwomanfindherseatonthebus?2.HowdidSusanbecomeblind?3.WhydidMarkdecidetohelpSusangainthestrengthandconfidence?Mark decided to help Susan gain the strength and confidencebecause he watched her sink into despair,darkness,anger,frustrationandself-pityandwasworriedabouther.Marksoonrealizedthathiswifehadtostarttaking the bus again because if heaccompanied Susan to work every day,Susanwouldclingtohimandneverlearntoregainherconfidenceandstrengthforlife.4.WhydidMarksoonrealizethathiswifehadtostarttakingthebusagain?5.HowdidSusaninitiallyreacttoMarkssuggestionthatshegotoworkalone?ShewashorrifiedattheideaandfeltthatMarkwasabandoningher.Mark promised her that each morning andeveninghewouldridethebuswithherforaslongasittook,untilshegotthehangofit.6.HowdidMarkpersuadeSusantogotoworkalone?Hetaughtherhowtorelyonherothersenses,especiallyherhearingandhelpedherbefriendthebusdrivers.ThedriversaidthatheenviedSusanbecauseshewasoneluckyladywhohadaloving,patientandgentlehusband.7.HowdidMarkhelpSusangetaccustomedtotakingthebusonherown?8.WhydidthedriversaythatheenviedSusan,ablindwoman?PartMainIdeaInstructionPara._BodyPara._Para._Para._Para._Para._TheThemePara._11-1011-162-34-56-89-10DetaileddescriptionofhowSusan,ablindlady,getsonthebusontheirown.RecallhowSusanwasrenderedblindandstruggledtofindthecourageforlifewiththehelpofMark.Susanunderstoodthesourceofherconfidencewastheloveofherhusband.Susanbecameblindandwasthrownintodespairandfrustration.Markdecidedtohelpher.MarkaccompaniedSusantoworkbybusandthiscomfortedher.Markhelpedhiswifetolearnhowtogetonbusonherown.Susanfeltreadytogotoworkbybusonherown.Shesregainingconfidence.The passengers on the bus watchedsympatheticallyastheattractiveyoungwomanwiththewhitecanemadeherwaycarefullyupthe steps.She paid the driver and,using herhandstofeelthelocationoftheseats,walkeddowntheaisleandfoundtheseathedtoldheraboutwasempty.Thenshesettledin,placedher briefcase on her lap and restedher caneagainstherleg.IthadbeenayearsinceSusan,34,becameblind.Duetoamedicalmisdiagnosisshehadbeenrenderedsightless,andshewassuddenlythrownintoaworldofdarkness,anger,frustrationandself-pity.Andallshehadtoclingtowasherhusband,Mark.Mark was an air force officer and he lovedSusanwithallhisheart.Whenshefirstlosthersight,hewatchedhersinkintodespairandwasdeterminedtohelphiswifegainthestrengthandconfidencesheneededtobecomeindependentagain.Finally,Susanfeltreadytoreturntoherjob,buthowwouldshegetthere?Sheusedtotakethebus,butwasnowtoofrightenedtogetaroundthecitybyherself.Markvolunteeredtodrivehertoworkeachday,eventhoughtheyworkedatoppositeendsofthecity.Atfirst,thiscomfortedSusan,andfulfilledMarksneedtoprotecthissightlesswifewhowassoinsecureaboutperformingtheslightesttask.Soon,however,Markrealizedthearrangementwasntworking.Susanisgoingtohavetostarttakingthebusagain,headmittedtohimself.Butshewasstillsofragile,soangryhowwouldshereact?她她以以前前都都是是乘乘公公交交车车去去的的，可可现现在在她她太太害害怕怕了了，不不敢敢一一个个人人在在城城里里走走动动。马克主动提出每天开车送她上班，尽管他们工作的地点在城市的两端。马克主动提出每天开车送她上班，尽管他们工作的地点在城市的两端。Justashepredicted,Susanwashorrifiedattheidea of taking the bus again.“Im blind!”sheresponded bitterly.“How am I supposed to knowwhere I am going?I feel like youre abandoningme.”Marks heart broke to hear these words,but heknewwhathadtobedone.HepromisedSusanthateachmorningandeveninghewouldridethebuswithher,foraslongasittook,untilshegotthehangofit.And that was exactly what happened.For two solid weeks,Mark,militaryuniformandallaccompaniedSusantoandfromworkeachday.Hetaughtherhowtorelyonherothersenses,specifically herhearing,todeterminewhereshewasandhowtoadapttohernewenvironment.Hehelpedherbefriendthebusdriverswhocouldwatchoutforher,andsaveheraseat.Finally,Susandecidedthatshewasreadytotrythetriponherown.Mondaymorningarrived,andbeforesheleft,shethrewherarmsaroundMark,her temporary bus riding companion,herhusband,andherbestfriend.Hereyesfilledwithtearsofgratitudeforhisloyalty,hispatience,andhislove.Shesaidgood-bye,andforthefirsttime,theywenttheirseparateways.Monday,Tuesday,Wednesday,Thursday.Each day on her ownwentperfectly,andSusanhadneverfeltbetter.Shewasdoingit!Shewasgoingtoworkallbyherself.OnFridaymorning,Susantookthebustoworkasusual.Asshewaspayingthefaretoexitthebus,thedriversaid,“Boy,Isuredoenvyyou.”Susanwasntsureifthedriverwasspeakingtoherornot.Afterall,whoonearthwouldeverenvyablindwomanwhohadstruggledjusttofindthecouragetoliveforthepastyear?Curious,sheaskedthedriver,“Whydoyousaythatyouenvyme?”（语气词）好家伙（表（语气词）好家伙（表示欣喜，惊奇，兴奋等）示欣喜，惊奇，兴奋等）Thedriverresponded,“Itmustfeelgoodtobetakencareofandprotectedlikeyouare.”Susanhadnoideawhatthedriverwastalkingabout,andagainasked,“Whatdoyoumean?”Thedriveranswered,“Youknow,everymorningfor the past week,a fine looking gentleman in amilitaryuniformhasbeenstandingacrossthecornerwatchingyouasyougetoffthebus.HemakessureTearsofhappinesspoureddownSusanscheeks,for,althoughshecouldntphysicallyseehim,shehadalwaysfeltMarkspresence.Shewaslucky,solucky,forhehadgivenheragiftmorepowerfulthansight,agiftshedidntneedtoseetobelievethegiftoflovethatcanbringlightwherethereisdarkness.you crossthestreetsafely and he watches until you enteryourofficebuilding.Thenheblowsyouakiss,givesyoualittlesaluteandwalksaway.Youareoneluckylady.”sympatheticallyadv.悲怜地，怜悯地；富有同情心地悲怜地，怜悯地；富有同情心地e.g.Shelistenedsympathetically,noddingherheadnowandagain.makeoneswaytotravelormovetoaplace:（艰难）前行，（独自）向前（艰难）前行，（独自）向前makeyourwayto/through/towards,etc.e.g.The mountain climbers slowly made theirwaybacktothebase.Shepaidthedriverand,usingherhandstofeelthelocationoftheseats,(1)Paraphrase:Shepaidthedriverandtriedtofindoutwheretheseatswereonthebus.aisle通道，走道；侧廊通道，走道；侧廊n.along,narrowspacebetweenrowsofseatse.g.Wouldyoulikeanaisleseatorwouldyouprefertobebythewindow?settlein1.安顿下来安顿下来,适应于新家适应于新家e.g.Youmustcomeandseeournewhousewhenwevesettledin.2.在在中放稳中放稳,坐定坐定躺倒躺倒Shesettledhermotherinanarmchair.3.(使使)开始在开始在居住居住Wearesettledinournewhome.restvt.使依靠，支撑使依靠，支撑 tolieorleanonsomething,ortoputsomethingonsomethingelsesothatitsweightissupported:e.g.Sherestedherheadonmyshoulder.e.g.Thepolicemanrestedtheladderagainstthetreetrunk.duetobecauseof:e.g.Duetowetleavesontheline,thistrainwillarriveanhourlate.该队的成功在很大程度上是由于她的努力。该队的成功在很大程度上是由于她的努力。e.g.Theteamssuccesswaslargelyduetoherefforts.因为，由于因为，由于dueto owingtobecauseofthanksto这些词组均表示这些词组均表示“由于由于”之意。之意。dueto用于较庄重的书面语中，侧重用于较庄重的书面语中，侧重“起因于起因于”，在句中多作表语，有时作状语。，在句中多作表语，有时作状语。owingto可以和可以和dueto换用，但在句中多作状换用，但在句中多作状语，也可作表语。语，也可作表语。becauseof着重某个结果的原因，在句中通常着重某个结果的原因，在句中通常作状语。作状语。thanksto突出一种感激之情，含突出一种感激之情，含“多亏多亏”意味。意味。duetoowingtobecauseof thankstodiagnosisn.诊断诊断identifyingthenatureorcauseofsomephenomenone.g.Thetwodoctorsmadedifferentdiagnosisofmydisease.diagnosev.e.g.Thedoctordiagnosedmyillnessasarareskindisease.throwinto扔扔,扔进扔进,（突然）陷入某一状态（突然）陷入某一状态e.g.Millionsofpeoplewerethrownintounemployment.e.g.Thousandsofpeoplewerethrownoutofworkovernightduringthewartime.Opposite:throwoutof.renderv.tocausesomeoneorsomethingtobeinaparticularstate1)1)使（某人或某事）处于某种状况使（某人或某事）处于某种状况 e.g.Theyoungmanwasrendereddisabledbytheaccident.v.giveinreturnofexchange,orassthdue报答报答;归还归还;给予给予e.g.Heisthemanwhoalwaysrendersgoodforevil.e.g.Hehadtorenderanapologyforhisrudeness.frustrationn.挫折；失败挫折；失败n.thefeelingofbeingannoyedorlessconfidentbecause you cannot achieve what you want,orsomethingthatmakesyoufeellikethisfrustratev.frustratingadj.frustratedadj.1.Icouldsensehis_atnotbeingabletohelp.2.Areyoufeeling_inyourpresentjob?3.It_methatImnotabletoputanyofmyideasintopractice.4.HedoesntlistentowhatIsayanditsso_.frustrationfrustratedfrustratesfrustratingself-pitysadnessforyourself自怜自艾自怜自艾e.g.Hefacedhisillnessbravelyandwithoutanyhintofself-pity.Due to a medical misdiagnosis she had beenrenderedsightless,andshewassuddenlythrowninto a world of darkness,anger,frustration andself-pity.(2)Paraphrase:She became blind because of a medicalmistake,andsuddenlyfelthopeless,angered,disappointedandpitiful.由于一次误诊，她失去了视力，一下子跌进了黑暗的世界，由于一次误诊，她失去了视力，一下子跌进了黑暗的世界，愤怒无奈，自悲自怜。愤怒无奈，自悲自怜。clingclingclungclungvi.(on)tosb./sth;on/together:toholdcloselye.g.Thelittlechildclungtohismotherforcomfort.e.g.Sheclungontoherbaby.e.g.Theyclungtogether,shiveringwithcold.vi.torefusetoletgoe.g.Shestillclungtothehopethathewasstillalive.e.g.Whydoyouhavetoclingtotheoldcustom?墨守成规墨守成规紧贴；附着紧贴；附着,坚持，墨守；坚持，墨守；Collocations:固守信念固守信念抱着一线希望抱着一线希望坚持己见坚持己见固守着某种习惯固守着某种习惯坚守财产不肯放弃坚守财产不肯放弃clingtothebeliefclingtothehopeclingtoonesownviewclingtothehabitclingtoonespossessionssinkinto陷入或堕入（某状态，尤指绝望或沉思）陷入或堕入（某状态，尤指绝望或沉思）e.g.Dontjustsinkintotheregularunconsciousroutineoflife.toslowlymoveyourbodyintoasittingorlyingpositionsinkintosleep,acoma,etc.入睡入睡不要使自己陷入悲哀之中，这样一点好处也没有。不要使自己陷入悲哀之中，这样一点好处也没有。e.g.Dontallowyourselftosinkintogrief;itcandonogood.despairn.v.thefeelingthatthereisnohopeandthatyoucandonothingtoimproveadifficultorworryingsituation:绝望；令人绝望的人或事绝望；令人绝望的人或事;丧失信心丧失信心e.g.Hegaveupthestruggleindespair.e.g.Theydespairedofwinningthegame.despairdesperation depressiondisappointment这些名词都有这些名词都有“绝望、沮丧绝望、沮丧”之意。之意。despair普通用词，指因灾难等因素而丧失希望和信普通用词，指因灾难等因素而丧失希望和信心，陷入沮丧，绝望的境地。心，陷入沮丧，绝望的境地。desperation语气强烈，指因绝望而使人采取无所顾语气强烈，指因绝望而使人采取无所顾忌的疯狂行动。忌的疯狂行动。depression侧重指因遭受重大失利或挫折而产生的侧重指因遭受重大失利或挫折而产生的低落情绪。低落情绪。disappointment多指愿望或期望的落空。多指愿望或期望的落空。.1.Heswingsfromwildoptimismtototal_.2.Hetriedtomaskhis_withasmile.3.In_,theyjumpedoutofthewindowtoescapethefire.4.Imjustbeginningtogetoverthe_fromlosingmyjob.despairdisappointmentdesperationdepressionbedeterminedtodosth决心做某事，坚决做某事决心做某事，坚决做某事 e.g.Thesoldiersweredeterminedtogettothequake-strickenareabeforedaybreak.determineondoing/todosth.:决心要做某事决心要做某事 e.g.Themotherdeterminedonproving/toprovehissonsinnocence.当初她失去视力时，他眼看她跌入绝望之中，就决心当初她失去视力时，他眼看她跌入绝望之中，就决心帮助妻子重新拾回力量和信心，重新独立起来。帮助妻子重新拾回力量和信心，重新独立起来。1)（能）各处走动（能）各处走动e.g.Wehadtousepublictransporttogetaround.2)消息传开，传播消息传开，传播e.g.Newsofthenewoilreservesoongotaround.Wordgotaroundthatthecompanymightbemerged.3)回避，躲避回避，躲避e.g.Idontthinkweshouldgetaroundtheseproblems.Acleverlawyermightfindwaysofgettingroundthatclause.getaroundvolunteertodov.todosomethingwillinglyandwithoutbeingforcedorpaidtodoit:e.g.Duringtheemergencyalotofpeoplevolunteeredtoworkthroughthenight.fulfillinsecurev.todosomethingaspromisedorintended,ortosatisfyyourhopesorexpectations:e.g.Attheageof45,shefinallyfulfilledherambitiontorunamarathon.履行；实现；满足履行；实现；满足必须一丝不苟地遵照医嘱去办。必须一丝不苟地遵照医嘱去办。e.g.Thedoctorsinstructionsmustbefulfilledexactly.adj.lackingconfidenceanddoubtingtheirownabilities:缺乏安全感，不稳定的；不牢靠的缺乏安全感，不稳定的；不牢靠的e.g.Hesveryinsecureabouthisappearance.securev.adj.e.g.Peoplewanttofeelsecureeconomically.e.g.TheGreatWallwasoriginallybuilttosecurethetownfromattack.securityn.UNSecurityCouncilAt first,this comforted Susan,and fulfilledMarksneedtoprotecthissightlesswifewhowas so insecure about performing theslightesttask.(5)Paraphrase:At first this made Susan feel good and Markfeltreli
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