2019托福综合写作技巧完全版ppt课件

INTEGRATED TASKINTEGRATED TASK综合写作综合写作技巧展示技巧展示INTEGRATED TASK综合写作1INTEGRATED TASKINTEGRATED TASKv本课内容本课内容NOTE-TAKINGNOTE-TAKING12SUMMARIZING SYNTHESIZINGSYNTHESIZING3INTEGRATED TASK本课内容NOTE-TAKING2INTEGRATED TASKINTEGRATED TASK1.NOTE-TAKING:“双栏式双栏式”笔记法：笔记法：2-column way T:R:L:INTEGRATED TASK1.NOTE-TAKING:3INTEGRATED TASKINTEGRATED TASKv讲义第12页，第3题 演示 先画好“双栏”注意阅读信息笔记字数不超过15字 读阅读每一段的 Main point 和和 detail/reasonINTEGRATED TASK讲义第12页，第3题 演示4PRIVATE SPACE TRAVELPRIVATE SPACE TRAVELvT：privatized spaceflight industry R:benefits L:PRIVATE SPACE TRAVEL5PRIVATE SPACE TRAVELPRIVATE SPACE TRAVELv阅读笔记：PRIVATE SPACE TRAVEL 阅读笔记：6PRIVATE SPACE TRAVELPRIVATE SPACE TRAVELv听力笔记PRIVATE SPACE TRAVEL 听力笔记7SCHOOL UNIFORM SCHOOL UNIFORM vT：school uniform R:stress L:SCHOOL UNIFORM 8SCHOOL UNIFORMSCHOOL UNIFORMv阅读笔记：SCHOOL UNIFORM阅读笔记：9School uniformSchool uniform听力笔记听力笔记听力笔记听力笔记School uniform听力笔记10INTEGRATED TASKINTEGRATED TASK2.SUMMARIZINGNOTE-TAKINGNOTE-TAKING12SUMMARIZING SYNTHESIZINGSYNTHESIZING3INTEGRATED TASK2.SUMMARIZINGN11INTEGRATED TASKINTEGRATED TASKvSUMMARIZING 1.eliminate unnecessary information 2.Combine into a sentence.因果关系因果关系INTEGRATED TASKSUMMARIZING12INTEGRATED TASKINTEGRATED TASKvBecauseINTEGRATED TASKBecause13INTEGRATED TASKINTEGRATED TASKv展示 SUMMARIZING v通过题目 SCHOOL UNIFORMv PRIVATE SPACE TRAVELINTEGRATED TASK展示 SUMMARIZING 14SCHOOL UNIFORMSCHOOL UNIFORMv阅读笔记：SCHOOL UNIFORM阅读笔记：15School uniformSchool uniform听力笔记听力笔记听力笔记听力笔记School uniform听力笔记16School uniformSchool uniformv展示 SUMMARIZING v通过 例题 SCHOOL UNIFORM 共6句话School uniform展示 SUMMARIZING 17SCHOOL UNIFORMSCHOOL UNIFORMv1.If all students wear the same style of uniform,clothing cost will be less.阅读第1v School uniform is expensive/pricy,and students who wear uniform will buy trendy after-school clothes.听力第1SCHOOL UNIFORM18SCHOOL UNIFORMSCHOOL UNIFORMv2.With everyone wearing the same uniform,students will not be concerned about whether they are wearing the fashionably-correct clothes.阅读第2 v Being made to wear a school uniform makes many students feel more self-conscious,because they can present themselves in a way of making them comfortable.听力第2SCHOOL UNIFORM19SCHOOL UNIFORMSCHOOL UNIFORMv3.Unity in clothing can eliminate discrimination,so teasing and bullying of some students by others will be significantly reduced.阅读第3 v It is impossible to eliminate teasing and bullying because they are in that particular stage,also they can pick on other things like music and backpacks.听力第3SCHOOL UNIFORM3.Unity in clot20INTEGRATED TASKINTEGRATED TASK3.SYNTHESIZINGNOTE-TAKINGNOTE-TAKING12SUMMARIZING SYNTHESIZINGSYNTHESIZING3INTEGRATED TASK3.SYNTHESIZING21INTEGRATED TASKINTEGRATED TASKvSYNTHESIZING v把把 SUMMARIZING的的6句话整理成句话整理成3大段，形成大段，形成 BODY PARTConnect the information from both sourcesINTEGRATED TASKSYNTHESIZING 22SYNTHESIZINGSYNTHESIZINGAccording to the lecture,_;this contradicts the points in the reading that_.The professor argues that_.This is different from the reading,which states that_.The teacher says that_.However,this is not what the reading states;it says that_.SYNTHESIZINGAccording to the l23SYNTHESIZINGSYNTHESIZINGContrary to the belief in the passage that_,the professor asserts that_.The author of the passage points out that_,while the lecture notes that_.According to the reading,_.The passages point is different from the professor,which states that_.SYNTHESIZINGContrary to the be24SYNTHESIZINGSYNTHESIZINGv展示 SYNTHESIZING v通过例题：PRIVATE SPACE FLIGHTSYNTHESIZING25PRIVATE SPACE TRAVELPRIVATE SPACE TRAVELv阅读笔记：PRIVATE SPACE TRAVEL 阅读笔记：26PRIVATE SPACE TRAVELPRIVATE SPACE TRAVELv听力笔记PRIVATE SPACE TRAVEL 听力笔记27SYNTHESIZINGSYNTHESIZINGv1.According to the lecture,the costs of creating and running traffic control system,and of testing new space ship will make space flight expensive.This contradicts the points made in the reading that competition in the private space flight industry quickly reduce costs.SYNTHESIZING28SYNTHESIZINGSYNTHESIZINGv2.The professor asserts that private space travel is likely to prevent or even delay scientific innovations by luring top scientists away from serious researches to commercial projects.Contrary to what the belief in the passage that privatization of space flight will speed up by increasing the number of scientists working in the area of spaceflight.SYNTHESIZING29SYNTHESIZINGSYNTHESIZINGv3.The lecture notes that the taxpaying public will end up subsidizing space station,and so on,because the private invest(customers)can not cover the cost.While the author of the passage points out that the costs paid by customers of private space flight industry will significantly reduce the financial burden on public.SYNTHESIZING3.The lecture not30INTEGRATED TASKINTEGRATED TASKNOTE-TAKINGNOTE-TAKING12SUMMARIZING SYNTHESIZINGSYNTHESIZING3INTEGRATED TASKNOTE-TAKING12SU31例题：例题：例题：例题：CHARITABLE GIVING CHARITABLE GIVINGvT：charitable giving R:decline L:例题：CHARITABLE GIVINGT：charita32CHARITABLE GIVINGCHARITABLE GIVINGv阅读笔记：CHARITABLE GIVING阅读笔记：33CHARITABLE GIVINGCHARITABLE GIVINGv听力笔记CHARITABLE GIVING听力笔记34CHARITABLE GIVINGCHARITABLE GIVINGv2-min drill写出BODY PART 的第一段：2个句子：阅读一句话+听力一句话CHARITABLE GIVING35CHARITABLE GIVINGCHARITABLE GIVINGv1.The teacher says that charitable giving will rise in the future,as the growing costs of public services from increasing elderly and retired people create need for private funding.This is not what the reading states,it is said that charitable giving will decline substantially,because government can cover most of charity.CHARITABLE GIVING36CHARITABLE GIVINGCHARITABLE GIVING2.The talk says that the mismanagement in charities has been reformed,by forcing the corrupted managers to resign,which gives donors more confidence.In the reading,however,it is argued that disclosures of mismanagement of the charity will lead to a permanent decline in charitable giving.CHARITABLE GIVING37CHARITABLE GIVINGCHARITABLE GIVINGv3.According to the lecture,people are learning how to avoid fraudulent giving in charities by receiving documents before donation,by turning down donation via telephone.The professors point is different from the reading.The reading states that people are unwilling to donate due to the charity fraud.CHARITABLE GIVING3.According38INTEGRATED TASKINTEGRATED TASKv科学性文章科学性文章 vREADING:设想设想 LISTENING 反反 1 事实，事实，解释解释 驳：驳：解释解释 2 事实，事实，解释解释 3事实，事实，解释解释 INTEGRATED TASK39Easter Island Easter Island vT:Easter Island culture decline R:invasion vL:internal causes Easter Island T:Easter I40Easter Island p16Easter Island p16vT:Easter Island culture decline R:invasion L:internal causes Easter Island p16T:Easte41Easter IslandEaster Islandv1.The teacher says that the deforestation of Easter Island is the most plausibly explained by over logging by the native population who use the logs to transport the giant statues.This is not what the reading states,it is said that Easter Island was deforested by invaders who were unconcerned about natural resources.Easter Island42Easter IslandEaster Islandv3.According to the lecture,It is likely that Easter Islanders adopted a new religion because they lost faith in their old gods.The professors point is different from the reading,adopting a new religion called Birdman Worship of Easter Island was introduced by a foreign invasion.Easter Island3.According to t43Easter IslandEaster Islandv2.The talk says that the making of giant statues stopped because economic difficulties(the lack of fish to eat)left islanders without any energy to make them,and also it because there were no logs to transport them.In the reading,however,it is argued that this traditional culture practice of Easter Island was destructed by invasion.Easter Island44开头段开头段开头段开头段 v划去BODY PARTv只看开头段开头段 v v模板模板开头段 划去BODY PART45Modular templateModular template开头段：开头段：vIn the lecture,the professor made several points about_.The professor argues that_.However,the reading contends that_.The lecture contradicts the reading regarding several points Modular template开头段：46vFirstly,the lecturer points out that_ which differs from the reading in that the reading states_.The professor proves his idea with an example/a reason that _.The point made by the professor casts doubt on the reading.Firstly,the lecturer points o47vSecondly,contrary to the belief in the passage that_,the professor claims that _ by showing that_.The point undermines the claim made in the reading.Secondly,contrary to the beli48vFinally,the professor states that _.This is contrary to the claim that _.Also the professor exemplifies his/her opinion by showing that_.This directly challenges what the reading passage indicates.vIn conclusion,the points made in the lecture contrast with the reading.Finally,the professor states 49INTEGRATED TASKINTEGRATED TASK1.NOTE-TAKING:“双栏式双栏式”笔记法：笔记法：2-column way T:R:L:INTEGRATED TASK1.NOTE-TAKING:50ALTRUISMALTRUISMvOG p282ALTRUISMOG p28251 ALTRUISM ALTRUISM 的范文的范文的范文的范文vIntroduction ParagraphvThe topic for the lecture and the reading passage is _.The professor argues that_ _while the reading contends that_ _ _ _.The lecture contradicts the reading regarding several points.altruismpeople and animals actually benefit from so-called altruism actsaltruism is a kind of unselfish behavior which is quite common among people and animals ALTRUISM 的范文Introduction Par52Body Paragraph 1Body Paragraph 1vFirstly,the lecturer points out that_ which differs from the reading in that the reading states_.In other words,_.The point made by the professor casts doubt on the reading.sentinel meerkats actually eat before the other meerkatsthey go without food to stand guardsentinel meerkats have a full stomach as they work according to recent studiesBody Paragraph 1Firstly,the l53Body Paragraph 2Body Paragraph 2vSecondly,contrary to the belief in the passage that _ _,the professor claims that _ _ _ by showing that _ _.The point undermines the claim made in the reading.sentinel meerkats place themselves in danger from predators the alarm sentinels give off can draw away the attention from the predators and the sentinel meerkats stand near the burrow they are actually the first to escape Body Paragraph 2Secondly,cont54Body Paragraph 3Body Paragraph 3vFinally,the professor states that_ _ _.This is contrary to the claim in the passage that _ _.Also the professor illustrates his opinion by showing that _ _.This directly contradicts what the reading passage indicates.human organ donors receive appreciation and approval from the rest of societythe donors gain nothing from their action such non-material rewards are more important than materialistic gainsBody Paragraph 3Finally,the p55Concluding ParagraphConcluding ParagraphvIn conclusion,the points made in the lecture challenge the readings claim.Concluding ParagraphIn conclus56INTEGRATED TASKINTEGRATED TASK1.NOTE-TAKING:“双栏式双栏式”笔记法：笔记法：2-column way T:R:L:INTEGRATED TASK1.NOTE-TAKING:57School-year vacation School-year vacation vT:school-year vacation R:valuable L:School-year vacation T:school58External v.s.internal hiring External v.s.internal hiring vT:hiring an outsider R:advantage L:External v.s.internal hiring 59谢谢！谢谢！60