语法专题知识整合复习课件23

【考向聚焦】2015年至少有一道题要考到连词或介词。介词的考查形式多样，除了单纯考查介词外，还常考介词与其他词的搭配。此外，在定语从句中也常考查“介词关系代词”的用法。有些介词的考查频率较高，如：with，beyond。连词考查较多的有：but，while；“祈使句and/or并列句”中的and 或or；另外，for作为并列连词的用法也是常考点。1(2014安 徽，25)The meaning of the word“nice”changed a few times _ it finally came to include the sense“pleasant”Abefore Bafter Csince Dwhile解析考查时间状语从句。句意：“nice”的含义改变了好几次，最终才包含了“pleasant”(愉快地)这层含义。当表达“还没来得及就”时，须用连词before。答案A2(2014安徽，31)What we expect from you is working hard _ hardly working.Aless than Brather thanCas well as Das much as解析考查介词短语辨析。句意：我们期望你努力工作而不是几乎不工作。less than 少于；rather than 而不是；as well as 和一样好，也；as much as 和一样多。根据句意应选B。答案B3(2014北京，21)Some animals carry seeds from one place to another，_ plants can spread to new places.Aso Bor Cfor Dbut解析考查并列连词。句意：一些动物能够把植物种子携带到另外一个地方，因此植物也能够传播到新的地方。根据句意可知，这两句话是因果关系，A项正确。答案A4(2014北京，23)Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves _ half an hour.Aby Bin Cfor Duntil解析考查介词。句意：简匆匆忙忙的，因为去往机场的火车半个小时之后就开了。in加上一段时间和一般将来时连用，表示的是一段时间以后。答案B5(2014大纲，29)September 30 is the day _ which you must pay your bill.Aby Bfor Cwith Din 解析考查定语从句。句意：9月30日这一天之前，你必须要付清账单。the day在定语从句中作时间状语，by the day意为“到这一天为止”，故选A。答案A6(2014福 建，22)Our club is open to everyone _ age，sex or educational background.Adue to Bexcept forCalong with Dregardless of解析考查介词短语。句意：我们的俱乐部对每个人都开放，无论年龄、性别或是教育背景。regardless of是固定用法，意为“无论；不顾”，故选D项。A.“由于”；B.“除了”；C.“与一起”。答案D7(2014湖北，30)Check carrots，potatoes，onions and any other vegetables _ and immediately use or throw away any which show signs of rotting.Ain demand Bin store Con loan Don sale解析考查介词短语辨析。句意：检查储藏着的胡萝卜、土豆、洋葱和其他蔬菜，然后立即食用或者扔掉有腐烂迹象的蔬菜。A.in demand 有需求；B.in store 贮藏；C.on loan借用，借贷；D.on sale 廉价出售。答案B8(2014江苏，21)Lessons can be learned to face the future，_ history cannot be changed.Athough Bas Csince Dunless解析考查状语从句。句意：尽管历史无法更改，但我们可以从中获得面对未来的一些教训。A.“尽管”，引导让步状语从句；B.“因为”或“当时”，可引导原因状语或时间状语从句，如引导让步状语从句需倒装；C.“既然”“自从以来”，可引导原因状语或时间状语从句；D.“除非；如果不”，可引导条件状语从句；根据语境可知前后文为让步关系，且是正常语序，故选A。答案A9(2014江苏，24)Tom always goes jogging in the morning and he usually does pushups too to stay _.Ain place Bin order Cin shape Din fashion解析考查短语辨析。句意：为了保持好身材，Tom经常晨起慢跑，还经常做俯卧撑。A.“就位，在该在的位置”；B.“按秩序”；C.“体型良好；形状良好”；D.“跟上潮流，追得上时尚”，根据语境做锻炼是为了保持体型和良好的身材，故选C。答案C10(2014江西，25)Starting your own business could be a way to achieving financial independence._，it could just put you in debt.AIn other words BAll in all CAs a result DOn the other hand解析考查介词短语的辨析。句意：自己做生意可能是取得经济独立的一个办法，另一方面，这也可能会让你背负债务。in other words换言之；all in all总的说来；as a result结果。这三项均与语境不符。答案D11(2014江 西，33)It is unbelievable that Mr.Lucas leads a simple life _ his great wealth.Awithout Bdespite Cin Dto 解 析 考 查 介 词 用 法。由 关 键 词“unbelieveble”、“simple”和“great wealth”可知这里表达“让步”关系。despite(尽管)与语境吻合。答案B12(2014山东，2)I dont really like the author，_ I have to admit his books are very exciting.Aalthough Bunless Cuntil Donce 解析考查从属连词。句意：我真的不喜欢这位作者，尽管我不得不承认他的书很激动人心。从句表示让步关系，故选A项。unless“除非”，表条件关系；until“直到”，表时间关系；once“一旦”，表示条件关系。答案A13(2014陕西，14)The Scottish girl _ blue eyes won the first prize in the Fifth Chinese Speech Contest.Aby Bof Cin Dwith解析考查介词。句意：这位蓝眼睛的苏格兰女孩在第五届英语演讲大赛中获得了一等奖。with表示“有”。答案D14(2014陕西，24)The young couple，who returned my lost wallet，left _ I could ask for their names.Awhile Bbefore Cafter Dsince解析考查状语从句的连接词。句意：那对送还我钱包的夫妇，我还没来得及问他们的姓名，他们就离开了。根据句意，我问他们之前，他们离开，before意为：没来得及。答案B15(2014天津，6)_ the school，the village has a clinic，which was also built with government support.AIn reply to BIn addition to CIn charge of DIn place of解析考查短语辨析。句意：除了学校之外，这个村子也有诊所，也是政府扶助建设的。A.对给予答复；B.另外，除外(还有)；C.负责，掌管；D.代替，替换；根据上下文内容，尤其是“also”提示，可知选B。答案B16(2014浙 江，10)While staying in the village，James unselfishly shared whatever he had with the villagers without asking for anything _.Ain return Bin common Cin turn Din place解析考查介词短语辨析。句意：詹姆斯在村子里时，常无私地和村民分享他拥有的东西，而不求回报。in return作为回报；in common共同；in turn反之，反过来；in place在适当位置。答案A17(2014浙 江，12)Facing up to your problems _ running away from them is the best approach to working things out.Amore than Brather thanCalong with Dor rather解析考查介词短语辨析。句意：面对而不逃避，是解决问题的最好办法。more than不仅仅；超过；非常；rather than而不是；along with和一起；or rather更确切地说。答案B18(2014浙江，17)People wont pay attention to you when they still have a lot of ideas of their own crying _ expression.Afrom Bover Cwith Dfor解析考查介词用法。句意：当人们仍有自己的想法想表达出来时，他们不会注意到你的。此处的for表目的。答案D19(2014浙江，18)Theres no reason to be disappointed._，this could be rather amusing.AAbove all BAs a result CIn addition DAs a matter of fact解析考查介词短语辨析。句意：没有失望的理由，事实上，这事还是相当有趣的。above all首要的是；as a result结果；in addition另外；as a matter of fact事实上。答案D考点常用介词常用介词如in，on，for，with，against，of，beyond，out of，across等含义较多，应全面把握。1against有“违背，违逆；反对；对不利；倚；靠；碰撞；预防；衬托”之意。My mother is against my suggestion while my father is in favour of it.我母亲反对我的建议，然而我父亲赞成。2beyond可表示“范围，限度”，意为“超出，为所不及”。常用短语：beyond words/description/imagination/belief/ones reach/ones control“无法用语言形容、无法用语言描述、想象不出来、不相信、够不着、管不了”。No one hopes that the situation between China and Japan is beyond control due to the Diaoyu Islands.没人希望中日关系因钓鱼岛事件失控。3by可表示“程度或增减的幅度”，还可作“按；以计；依据”讲。Industrial workers are generally paid by the hour.产业工人通常按小时来付工资。4for有“就而言；从来看；达，计；为”之意。The biggest concern for most of us is the quality of public education.我们大多数人最关心的是大众教育的质量问题。5off有“在离不远处；在沿海的海面”之意。Two miles off the coast，we sailed right into the storm.在离海岸两英里处我们迎面遇上了暴风雨。6on/upon有“刚就；一就”之意，后接名词或动词ing形式。Barry joined the army upon leaving school.巴里一毕业就参军了。7over可表示时间，意为“在期间；直到结束”。Im sorry I didnt phone you，but Ive been very busy over the past couple of weeks.很抱歉没给你打电话，可是这几个星期我一直很忙。8within可表示范围、程度，意为“在之内”。The government was doing everything within its power to help the victims.政府正尽其所能帮助那些受害者。考点介词短语辨析考查介词短语辨析，往往要借助具体语境，另外，还要掌握常用的介词短语及其意义。1与介词in搭配的常用短语in a way在某种程度上in no way 没门in the way 挡住道路in vain 徒劳in general 通常，大体上in detail 详细地in turn 轮流in return 作为回报2与out of搭配的常用短语out of date/time 过时/过期out of question 毫无疑问out of the question 没门/绝不可能out of shape 变形out of fashion 不流行out of order 出了故障out of balance 失去平衡3“in名词of”常用搭配in honor of 为纪念in charge of 负责，掌管in terms of 依据，根据in praise of 赞扬in favor of 支持，赞同in need of 需要4与介词at连用的常用短语at no time 决不at a time 一次/每次at one time 一度/曾经at times 不时地/有时at ones request 应某人的要求at a loss 不知所措at ones invitation 应的邀请at all costs 不惜一切代价at ease 放松，不拘束Wed better discuss everything in detail before we work out the plan.在我们制订计划之前我们最好先详细讨论事情的各个方面。An excellent teacher is believed to be one who devotes himself to the children but asks for nothing in return.人们相信一名优秀的教师是把全部身心投入到孩子身上并且不求回报的人。考点连词 1表并列关系：and，not only.but(also).，neither，nor，neither.nor.等词连接的并列句，在意义上主要对前一句子作补充或引申，包括肯定和否定两方面的意义。Think it over，and youll find a way out.Not only is he himself interested in the subject，but also his students begin to show interest in it.Neither does he work hard，nor does his brother.2表选择关系：or，either.or.连接并列句表示选择意义。The children can go with us，or they can stay in.Either you or I am right.You have to move out of the way or the truck cannot get past you.3表转折关系：常用的有but，yet，while等。Jane said she was ill，yet I saw her in the street just now.Some men are rich，while others are poor.名师指津however另起新句，用逗号与句子隔开；but不需另起新句；while既表示对比，又表转折。He tried hard to catch up with his classmates，but he failed.Mr.White is fat，while his wife is very thin.James thought his explanation was convincing.However，nobody believed him.4表因果关系：常用的有so，for。He must have been caught in the rain，for he is wet all over.The shops were closed so I didnt get any milk.名师指津when还可表原因，意为“既然”。How can I help them to understand when they wont listen to me？点击此处进入点击此处进入