中考专题宾语从句

The Object Clause中考英语专题复习一、教学任务一、教学任务 复习宾语从句复习宾语从句二、重点和难点二、重点和难点 1 1、由不同引导词引导的宾语从句、由不同引导词引导的宾语从句 2 2、宾语从句中时态的变化、宾语从句中时态的变化 宾语从句宾语从句是主从复合句的一种。主从复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的。主句是复合句的主体，从句仅仅是主句的一个成分，它从属于主句，不能独立。从句在全句中充当什么成分，就叫什么从句。宾语从句当中的从句在全句中作宾语。宾语从句宾语从句是初中英语教材中重点语法之一，也是中考一个考查热点。一、宾语从句的概念 宾语从句属于名词性从句，在句中作主句的宾语。eg.We know Mr Green teaches English.She asked if these answers were right.n宾语从句宾语从句是初中英语教材中重点语法之一，也是n中考一个考查热点。二、宾语从句三要素引导词（连接词）语 序时 态由从属连词由从属连词thatthat引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句 由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which，what 和连接副词 where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句由从属连词由从属连词 whether,if 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句注注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略e.g.1.I hear(that)_.（一小时后他会回来）2.He said(that)_.（他非常想念我们）3.The teacher told us(that)_.4.（地球围着太阳转）he will be back in an hour he missed us very much the earth moves around the sun由从属连词由从属连词whether,if 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句e.g.1.I want to know _.（他是否跟我们一起去公园）2.Ask him _.（他是否能来）3.I dont know _.（是否要下雨）if(whether)he will go to the park with us whether(if)he can come whether it is going to rain or not1.1.当句末为当句末为or notor not时，引导词只能用时，引导词只能用whetherwhether而不能用而不能用if.if.2.2.在介词后面在介词后面,引导词只能用引导词只能用whetherwhether而不能用而不能用if.if.3.3.在动词不定式前在动词不定式前,引导词只能用引导词只能用whetherwhether而不能用而不能用if.if.由连接代词what,whom,whose,which,what及连接副词 when,where,how,why引导的宾语从句1.He asked _.(谁能回答这个问题）2.Do you know_.（他们在等谁）3.He asked _.（谁的书法是班上最好的）4.Please tell me _.（我们什么时候开会）5.Can you tell me _.（他在哪儿）6.Could you tell me _.（我该怎么去车站）7.Would you tell me _（为什么火车迟到了）who could answer the question whom they are waiting for whose handwriting was the best in the class when well have a meeting where he is how I can get to the station why the train is late2.语句的顺序语句的顺序 无论主句无论主句是陈述句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都是还是疑问句，宾语从句都是运用陈述句运用陈述句的语序，的语序，即是即是“主语在前，谓语在后主语在前，谓语在后”的的顺序。顺序。e.g Could you tell me how I can get to the Science Museum?He asked him where he came from.Did you know whats the name of the handsome boy in the classroom yesterday？Please tell me where I can buy the beautiful flower.3.时态的变化时态的变化 .当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的意思来使用需要的任何限制，我们可以根据句子的意思来使用需要的任何一种时态。一种时态。e.g Tom has been to Guilin twice.she will come tomorrow.I hear(that)Jim went to work an hour ago.he is interested in English.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。相互一致。e.g he would go to Xian.he was ill yesterday.He said(that)he was reading a book.he had had supper already.当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。用一般现在时态。e.g He said that the sun is much bigger than the moon.The teacher told the students that no news is good news.We should know what he said is only the truth.I know that he is an exellent student.The PE teacher said that doing morning exercise is useful to our health.4.标点符号标点符号 宾语从句末尾的标点符号由主句决定，不受从句宾语从句末尾的标点符号由主句决定，不受从句的限制。如果主句的限制。如果主句是陈是陈述句或者是祈使句时用句号；述句或者是祈使句时用句号；而主句是疑问句而主句是疑问句时，句时，句末则用问号。末则用问号。e.g He asked me if/whether I could help him.Please tell me which colour you like best.Do you know where Li Ping is?Could you tell me how I can go the No.28 Middle School?Would you please tell the teacher how old you are?5.宾语从句的否定形式宾语从句的否定形式 一般而言，宾语从句的否定式一般而言，宾语从句的否定式与一与一般句子的否般句子的否定式是一样的。但若主句谓语动定式是一样的。但若主句谓语动词是词是 think,expect,believe,guess,imagine,suppose 等表示等表示“认为，猜想认为，猜想”的词时，的词时，一般一般要把宾语从句中的要把宾语从句中的否定式转移到主句中。否定式转移到主句中。e.g I dont think its going to rain.I dont believe she will lend you the money.中考链接一：中考链接一：考查引导宾语从句的连接词考查引导宾语从句的连接词()1.Theres a red car parking in our neighborhood.Do you know _ it is?(2007重庆)A What B who C Whose D whom()2.Im wondering_ Liu Xiang will have time to _ the meeting.(2007江苏镇江）A whether,attend B that,attend C whether,appear D that,appear()3.Can you tell me_it is from here to the Summer Palace?Let me see.Its about fifteen minutes ride.（2006宜昌）A how long B How soon C how far D how muchCAC解题方法解题方法：先分析从句，看是否缺少成分，先分析从句，看是否缺少成分，然后根据句子的意思和连接词在从句中的然后根据句子的意思和连接词在从句中的作用作出选择作用作出选择中考链接二：中考链接二：考查宾语从句的时态考查宾语从句的时态（）1.Where is Tom?Do you know?(2007济南）-I think he_ to the library.A has gone B goes C has been D went()2.Tom said he _ back in a week.（2007四川）A will come B would come C come()3.I dont know if it _ tomorrow.If it_,Ill stay at home.A Will rain,rains B rains,will rain C will rain,will rain D rains,rainsABA解题方法：1.主句用一般现在时，宾语从句可以根据实际情况选用各种时态。2.主句用一般过去时，宾语从句要用与之相对应的过去时态。（从句表示客观真理、自然现象时除外）1.The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow.(be)2.The headmaster hopes everything _ well.(go)3.Tom says that they _(play)basketball at six oclock yesterday evening.4.I hear they _(return)it already.5.He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948.(be)6.He asked what they _ at eight last night.(do)7.The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound.(travel)8.I think you _ about the murder now.(talk)will be goes were playing have returned had been travels are talking were doingExercise:fill in the blanks中考链接三中考链接三：考查宾语从句的语序考查宾语从句的语序(时态，连词，语序同时考查）时态，连词，语序同时考查）n.()1.He asked me_.A.if she will come B.how many books I want to have C.They would help us do it D.what was wrong with me()2.-The summer holiday is coming.Have you decided_?-Im planning to go Hawaii,the most wonderful place for water sports.A.when youre going to enjoy it B.how often are you going to enjoy it c.where youre going to enjoy itDC一律为陈述句语序一律为陈述句语序解题方法解题方法：注意：当从句的原句为以下句子以及注意：当从句的原句为以下句子以及what,whowhat,who作主语时，语序不变：作主语时，语序不变：WhatWhat s wrong?Whats wrong?What s the matter?s the matter?WhatWhat s happening?What happeneed?s happening?What happeneed?eg:I don eg:I don t know whatt know what s the s the matter.matter.Can you tell me who is over Can you tell me who is over there?there?1.I didnt know what time he _ the letter.(write)2.Miss Wang told me that the earth _(move)round the earth.3.Could you tell me who _ away the book already?(take)4.Ling Feng told me he _ to several times.(be)5.Our teacher told us in class the sun _ in the east.(rise)6.Can you tell me what they _ yesterday?(do)wrote moves has taken has been risesdid将下列句子合并为一句将下列句子合并为一句:1.Where do they stop on the way?I asked.2.What will you speak at the meeting?Could you tell me?3.Do they like to make friends with us?He asked.4.“I am doing my homework.”He said.5.“I will come back.”Tom said.6.“Is he doing his homework?”Jim asked.I asked where they stopped on the way.Could you tell me what you will speak at the meeting?He asked if they liked to make friends with them.He said that he was doing his homework.Tom said that he would come back.Jim asked if he was doing his homework.7.“When will he come back?”Tom asked.8.“How can I get to the station?”Could you tell me?9.“Why is the train late?”Would you tell me?10.“Where is Tom?”They asked.Tom asked when he would come back.Could you tell me how I can get to the station?Would you tell me why the train is late?They asked where Tom was.书面表达下面是在某网页上发现的一篇文章，请根据汉语提示写一篇英语短文：（尽可能用宾语从句）你相信人类在未来能够居住在火星上吗？科学家们正尽力让这个梦变为现实。科学家们还不肯定能否在火星上生长植物。科学家们还认为对首批定居者来说重力也是一个重要问题。而且一致认为到火星上的旅行是不舒服的。