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The Present Perfect tensepresent(now)futurepast Present Perfect Tense 现在完成时现在完成时主语主语+have/has+过去分词过去分词（pp）助动词助动词,无意义无意义 现在完成时的结构现在完成时的结构Winter has already come，will it still be far in spring?主语主语+have/has+过去分词过去分词（pp）否定形式否定形式 havent(have not）+过去分词过去分词 hasnt(has not)+过去分词过去分词疑问句疑问句 把助动词把助动词 have/has 放在句首放在句首 现在完成时的结构现在完成时的结构注：主语若是第三人称单数助动词用注：主语若是第三人称单数助动词用hasYou have planted all the trees.I have planted all the trees.He/she has planted all the trees.They have planted all the trees.区别区别have 和和 has的用法的用法主语若是第三人称单数助动词用主语若是第三人称单数助动词用has1)表示到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成的动作。表示到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成的动作。Now we have planted all the trees.He has just come back.They have built many buildings in this city.现在完成时的现在完成时的用法用法2)表示过去发生的动作表示过去发生的动作,强调结果或对现在的影响。强调结果或对现在的影响。Someone has broken the window.(窗户现在是坏的窗户现在是坏的)I have already lost the key.(我现在没有钥匙我现在没有钥匙)I havent read that book yet.(不了解书的内容不了解书的内容)I have just cleaned my hands.(手是干净的手是干净的)常与常与already(已经已经),yet(已经已经),just(刚刚刚刚),ever(曾经曾经)等词连用等词连用.already:常用于肯定句中常用于肯定句中.yet:常用于否定句常用于否定句,疑问句尾疑问句尾.3)表示从过去开始并持续到现在的动作或状态，常与表示从过去开始并持续到现在的动作或状态，常与包括现在在内的一段时间的状语连用。包括现在在内的一段时间的状语连用。She has learned English for 5 years.He has lived in Beijing since 5 years ago.since:(自自以来以来)1)since+时间点时间点Hehasstayedheresince5oclock.2)since+时间段时间段+agoHehasstayedheresince5hoursago.3)since+从句从句ShehastaughtEnglishsincehecamehere.for:(长达）达）for+时间段时间段Hehaskeptthebookfor2weeks.since,for的用法的用法:Takenotes 用for 或since填空1.Mr.Brown has had his TV _ 15 years.2.Ive taken driving lessons _last month.3.My sister has had her cell phone _a month.4.My friends havent visited me _few days ago.5.We havent used our car _ a long time.6.She hasnt had a good cup of coffee _years.7.Tom has worn glasses _he was 7 years old.for since forsinceforforsince注：并非所有注：并非所有for作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时 搞清一般过去时和现在完成时的区别搞清一般过去时和现在完成时的区别Iworkedhereformorethantwentyyears.(我现在已经不在这里工作了我现在已经不在这里工作了)Ihaveworkedhereformorethantwentyyears.（现在我仍在这里工作）（现在我仍在这里工作）疑难点疑难点辨析 have been to和 have gone toMy father has gone to Shanghai for a meeting.他（已经）去了上海。My father has been to Shanghai for a meeting.他（曾经）去了上海。She has been to China.她（曾经）去过中国。（人已经回来了）have been to someplace.曾经去过某地，已经回来曾经去过某地，已经回来has gone to someplace.某人去了某地，还没有回来某人去了某地，还没有回来 She has gone to China last week.上周她去了上海。（人可能回来了也可能没回来）用用have/has been to,have/has gone to填空填空：1.Where is your brother?He _ the shop.Hell be back soon.2._ you ever _ to America?Yes,I _ New York twice.3.Here you are at last!Where _ you _?I _ London.4.David _Australia.Im sure hes already arrived.5.Is Benny here?No,he _ the school library.He left five minutes ago.has gone toHave been tohave been tohave beenhave been tohas gone tohas gone to9.He _(go)to school on foot every day.10._ you _(find)your science book yet?11.If it _(be)fine tomorrow,Ill go with you.12.The students _(read)English when the teacher came in.13.Look!The monkey _(climb)the tree.14.My mother _(come)to see me next Sunday.15.Ive lost my pen._ you _(see)it anywhere?goeshave,foundiswere readingis climbingis comingHave,seen1.I_ already _(see)the film.I _(see)it last week.2._ he _(finish)his work today?Not yet.3.My father _ just _(come)back from work.He is tired now.4.Wheres Li Ming?He _(go)to the teachers office.5.I _(work)here since I _(move)here in 1999.6.So far I _(make)quite a few friends here.7.How long _ the Wangs _(stay)here?For two weeks.8.I _ just _(finish)my homework.have,seen,sawHas,finishedhas,comehas gonehave worked,movedhave madehave,stayedhave,finished1.have,seen,saw 2.Has,finished 3.has,come 4.has gone 5.have worked,moved 6.have made 7.have,stayed 8.have,finished 9.goes 10.have,found 11.is 12.were reading 13.is climbing 14.is coming 15.Have,seen
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