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专题限时集训(十一)名词高考题组1(2016江苏高考，24)Can you tell us your _ for happiness and a long life?Living every day to the full，definitely.ArecipeBrecordCrangeDreceiptA考查语境选词。句意：“你能告诉我们你幸福和长寿的秘诀(recipe)吗？”“确切地说，要充实过好每一天。”A项recipe意为“秘诀”，符合语境。record记录，档案；range范围，界限；receipt收据，收条。 【导学号：57732048】2(2015江苏高考，32)Some schools will have to make _ in agreement with the national soccer reform.AjudgmentsBadjustmentsCcommentsDachievementsB考查语境选词。句意：一些学校将不得不做出调整，以便和国家足球改革保持一致。judgment评价，看法；adjustment调整，适应；comment评论，议论；achievement成就，成绩。既然要和国家足球改革保持一致(in agreement with the national soccer reform)，那么就应该做出调整(make adjustments)，故选B项。3(2015江苏高考，35)Go and say sorry to your Mom，Dave.Id like to，but Im afraid she wont be happy with my _ArequestsBexcusesCapologiesDregretsC考查语境选词。句意：去向你妈妈道歉，戴夫。我想去，但我担心她对我的道歉不满意。request要求，请求；excuse理由，借口；apology道歉，致歉；regret懊悔，遗憾。根据前面的say sorry“道歉”判断选C项。4(2014江苏高考，27)She was put under house arrest two years ago but remained a powerful _ in last years election.AsymbolBportraitCidentityDstatueA考查语境选词。句意：她两年前被软禁，但在去年的选举中仍然是一个很强势的具有代表性的人物。symbol的本义是“象征，符号，标志”，可以引申为“具有某一特性或思想的代表/代表性人物”，符合语境。portrait肖像；identity身份；statue雕像，塑像。5(2016天津高考，10)The weather forecast says it will be cloudy with a slight _ of rain later tonight.AeffectBsenseCchangeDchanceD考查语境选词。句意：天气预报说多云，今天夜间下雨的可能性(chance)不大。D项chance意为“可能性”，符合语境。effect结果，效应；sense感觉，理解力；change变化，改变。6(2016浙江高考，4)It is important to pay your electricity bill on time，as late payments may affect your _AconditionBincomeCcreditDstatusC考查语境选词。句意：按时缴付电费很重要，因为晚交可能会影响你的信用(credit)。credit意为“信用”，符合语境。condition条件，情况；income收入，收益；status身份，职位。7(2015浙江高考，15)One of the most effective ways to reduce_is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.AproductionBstressCenergyDpowerB考查语境选词。句意：减少_最有效的方式之一就是与你信任的人聊聊感受。与信任的人聊感受可以减少“压力(stress)”。production(生产)，energy(能源，能量)，power(权力，影响力)，均与语境不符。8(2015湖北高考，22)He gave himself a new name to hide his _ when he went to carry out the secret task.AemotionBtalentCidentityDtreasureC考查语境选词。句意：当他去执行这项秘密任务的时候，他给自己起了一个新的名字来隐藏自己的_。根据题干中的a new name和the secret task可知，在执行秘密任务的时候他的“身份(identity)”是保密的。emotion情感；talent天才；treasure财富。9(2015福建高考，24)The failure was a big _ to him, but he wasnt discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as ever.AblowBissueCexcuseDfactorA考查语境选词。句意：这次失败对他来说是个大的_，但是他并未感到沮丧并且很快变得和以前一样充满热情。blow打击；issue问题，(报刊的)期，号；excuse借口，托辞；factor因素。根据题干中的but he wasnt discouraged(但是他并未感到沮丧)可推知，这次失败对他来说是个大的“打击(blow)”。故答案为A项。10(2015安徽高考，30)There is no need to tell me your answer now.Give it some_and then let me know.AthoughtBsupportCprotectionDauthorityA本题结合名词词义辨析考查语境选词。句意：现在没有必要告诉我你的答案。多思考(thought)一下，再让我知道。support支持；protection保护；authority权威。模拟题组1(2016南京调研)Whats up, detective?I thought the case was off.Everything fell into _ so perfectly.But Im wrong.AplaceBstepCpiecesDruinsA考查名词。句意：“怎么了，侦探？”“我原以为这起案件结束了。一切都真相大白了。但是我错了。”fall into place意为“清晰，明朗化，理出头绪”；fall into step意为“与合上步伐，步调一致”；fall into pieces意为“成为碎片，变得破旧”；fall into ruins意为“毁坏，成为废墟，破败不堪”。2(2016南京调研)We do not have the _ and therefore cannot afford the latest computer software. AsuppliesBfacilitiesCsourcesDresourcesD考查名词。句意：我们没有钱，所以负担不起最新的电脑软件。resource意为“财力，资源；有助于实现目标的东西，资料”；supply意为“供应，供给，补给”；facility意为“设施，设备；场所；天赋，才能”；source意为“来源，出处；源头，发源地；起源，根源，原因”。3(2016盐城第一学期期中考试)College graduates are caught in an annoying situation between a lack of jobs if they leave and a _ on higher education if they stay.AcompromiseBsqueezeCburdenDpassionB考查名词。句意：大学毕业生陷入了进退两难的窘境：如果选择毕业则缺少工作，如果选择深造则面临每个人获得高等教育的机会减少(继续学习的人数增多，会导致个人被录取的几率降低)。squeeze意为“拮据，经济困难；挤压，拥挤”；compromise意为“妥协，让步”；burden意为“负担，重负”；passion意为“激情，热情；爱好，酷爱”。4(2016镇江第一学期期中考试)The Chinese womens volleyball team won the 2016 Olympic Games victory, which was beyond our wildest _AinspirationsBexpectationsCinvitationsDcooperationsB考查名词。句意：中国女子排球队赢得了2016年奥运会的胜利，这是我们做梦都没有想到的。beyond ones wildest expectations/dreams为固定短语，意为“远远出乎所料，大大超出希望，做梦都没有想到”。expectation意为“期望，预期”；inspiration意为“灵感，启发；激励，鼓舞”；invitation意为“邀请；请柬”；cooperation意为“合作，协作”。 【导学号：57732049】5(2016苏北四市摸底)Tu Youyou won Nobel Prize in Medicine for her discoveries that helped doctors fight malaria and _ caused by roundworm parasites.AinjectionsBinfectionsCprescriptionsDpresentationsB考查名词辨析。句意：屠呦呦因为发现了有助于医生治疗疟疾以及蛔虫寄生虫感染的方法而获得了诺贝尔医学奖。根据空格后面的caused by roundworm parasites可知，infections意为“感染”，符合语境。injection意为“注射”；prescription意为“处方”；presentation意为“展示；呈现”。6(2016苏北四市摸底)In spite of his _ to be a scholar in that field, he is not well equipped with that talent.ApotentialBcompetenceCambitionDcharacterC考查名词辨析。句意：虽然他有着想在那个领域里面成为学者的雄心壮志，但是他缺乏那种才智。potential意为“潜力”；competence意为“能力；胜任”；ambition意为“野心；雄心；抱负”；character意为“性格”。根据题干后半句he is not well equipped with that talent可知，只有C项符合语境。7(2016南京、盐城一模)A worldwide _ to healthier diets is one of many actions that need to be taken to avoid dangerous climate change.AshiftBadmissionCwitnessDresponseA考查名词。句意：全世界转向更健康的饮食是避免危险的气候变化所必须采取的诸多行动之一。shift意为“改变，转移，转换”；admission意为“承认；准许进入；入场费”；witness意为“证人，目击者”；response意为“回答，回应”。8(2016南京、盐城一模)Beijing has set the citys population _ at 23 million by 2020 due to water scarcity and big city diseases such as traffic jam.AbudgetBceilingCexplosionDstandardB考查名词。句意：由于水资源短缺和诸如交通拥堵之类的“大城市病”，北京已经将2020年的人口上限确定为2 300万。ceiling意为“上限，最高限度”；budget意为“预算”；explosion意为“爆炸；激增”；standard意为“标准，水平”。9(2016南通第一次调研)Simon will listen to music every time he comes across a maths problem.You know, music is the source of _ in life.AinspirationBidentificationCreactionDrecreationA考查名词。句意：“西蒙每次遇到数学难题都会听音乐。”“你知道的，在生活中音乐是灵感的来源。”inspiration意为“灵感，启发；激励，鼓舞”；identification意为“识别，鉴定，确认；身份证明”；reaction意为“反应，回应”；recreation意为“消遣，娱乐”。10(2016南通、连云港二模)Children enjoying parents _ during their growth tend to have better living habits than leftbehind children.AcompanyBcompromiseCcommandDcomprehensionA考查名词词义辨析。句意：在成长过程中有父母陪伴的孩子往往比留守儿童有更好的生活习惯。company“陪伴”；compromise“妥协，让步”；command“命令”；comprehension“理解力”。根据语境，选A项。11(2016南京、盐城二模)Estella showed me the way with a candle.When she opened the side entrance, the _ of the daylight quite confused me.AtrendBrushCcrashDincreaseB考查名词词义辨析。句意：Estella用蜡烛给我引路。当她打开侧门时，突然照入的阳光使我眩晕。trend趋势；rush冲，猛烈移动；crash碰撞，崩溃；increase增加。此处形容外面的阳光一开门的时候突然照射进来，rush符合语境，故选B项。12(2016扬州一模)The proposals deserve support as the needs of children should be given _ to.ApriorityBpreferenceCprivilegeDpromotionA考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些提议应该得到支持，因为孩子的需要应该被给予优先考虑。preference偏好，偏爱；privilege特权；promotion提升，晋升，推销，均不符合语境。priority优先权，孩子的需要应该被给予优先考虑，符合语境，故选A项。13(2016泰州二模)As is often the case, teachers _ with parents involve complaints about childrens misbehavior and laziness in school. AacquaintancesBnegotiationsCconferencesDconsultationsC考查名词词义辨析。句意：老师跟家长的讨论都有着他们对孩子在学校的不良行为和懒散的不满，这是经常的事情。acquaintance认识的人，熟人；negotiation协商，谈判；consultation咨询，磋商。conference会议，讨论，符合题意，故选C项。14(2016苏锡常镇一模)Since it is common _ to copy others designs, the Council of Fashion Designers has recently urged the government to pass laws to protect designers rights. ApracticeBstandardCsenseDactivityA考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于抄袭他人的设计是一种惯例，最近时装设计者委员会敦促政府通过法律保护设计者的权益。standard标准；sense意识，感觉；common sense常识；activity活动。common practice惯例，通常的做法，符合题意，故选A项。15(2016苏锡常镇二模)Why do you choose to work in an international travel agency?Well，you know, English is my _So it is my best choice.AtalentBstrengthCabilityDskillB考查名词词义辨析。句意：你为什么选择去一家国际旅行机构工作呢？哦，你知道的，英语是我的强项。所以这是我的最佳选择。talent天赋；ability能力；skill技巧。strength长处，强项，符合题意，故选B项。
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