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人教课标人教课标高一高一必修必修1Unit1ShesaidthathernamewasAnneFrankandherfamilywasJewish.MynameisAnneFrankandmyfamilyisJewish.MyfamilyandIarehidinginAmsterdam.ShesaidthatsheandherfamilywerehidinginAmsterdam.MyonlytruefriendisKittymydiary.ShesaidthatheronlytruefriendwasKittyherdiary.Afterhidinghereforalongtime,Ivebecomecrazyaboutnature.Shesaidthatafterhidingthereforalongtime,shehadbecomecrazyaboutnature.Annesaid:“MynameisAnneFrankandmyfamilyisJewish.”(Directspeech)ShesaidthatsheandherfamilywerehidinginAmsterdam.(Indirectspeech)引述别人的话语一般采用两种方式引述别人的话语一般采用两种方式:一是原封一是原封不动地引用原话不动地引用原话,把它放在引号内把它放在引号内,这叫直接这叫直接引语引语(Directspeech);一是用自己的话加以转一是用自己的话加以转述述,这叫间接引语这叫间接引语(Indirectspeech)。1.直接引语转变为间接引语时直接引语转变为间接引语时,从句由从句由that引导引导,可省略可省略;主句动词为一般将主句动词为一般将来时或现在时来时或现在时,从句动词时态不变。从句动词时态不变。1.Sheoftensays,“Allmenandwomenareequalunderthelaw.”Sheoftensays(that)allmenandwomen areequalunderthelaw.2.“Ilikereadingstories,”saidJohn.Johnsaidthathelikedreadingstories.3.“Idontlikecars,”Sarahsaidtohim.Sarahtoldhimthatshedidntlikecars.2.直接引语转变为间接引语时，人称要直接引语转变为间接引语时，人称要进行相应变化；且主句动词为一般过进行相应变化；且主句动词为一般过去时时，去时时，从句动词时态应为过去时的从句动词时态应为过去时的相应时态。相应时态。直接引语里的第一人称和第二人称，变间直接引语里的第一人称和第二人称，变间 接引语时，人称要做相应调整。接引语时，人称要做相应调整。1.Shesaid,“Iamhungry.”Shesaidshewashungry.2.Mumsaidtome,“Youcandoityourself.”MumtoldmethatIcoulddoitmyself.3.Mr.Smithsaid,“Heisagoodworker.Mr.Smithsaidthathewasagoodworker.1.人称的变化人称的变化1.Jacksaidtome,“Youlookworriedtoday.”Jacktoldmethat_lookedworriedthatday.2.Wesaidtoher,“Theyrecleaningtheroom.”Wetoldherthat_werecleaningtheroom.3.Mr.Blacksaid,“Ihavewalkedalongway.”Mr.Blacksaidthat_hadwalkedalongway.Itheyhe2.2.时态变化时态变化 直接引语变间接引语时，间接引语的时态直接引语变间接引语时，间接引语的时态要与主句的时态一致。要与主句的时态一致。Hesays,“Itreatyouasmyson.”Hesaysthathetreatsmeashisson.1.主句为一般现在时主句为一般现在时,现在完成时或一般现在完成时或一般将来时的时候将来时的时候,间接引语时态不变。间接引语时态不变。直接引直接引语语(变变化前化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)一般一般现现在在时时“Iknowit,”hesaid.一般一般过过去去时时Hesaidheknewit.2.当主句为过去时当主句为过去时,从句要跟着相应的变化。从句要跟着相应的变化。现在进行时现在进行时“Immakingcoffeeforyouall,”shesaid.过去进行时过去进行时Shesaidshewasmakingcoffeeforusall.直接引直接引语语(变变化前化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)现在完成时现在完成时“Ihaveseenherbefore,”saidhe.过去完成时过去完成时Hesaidhehadseenherbefore.现在完成进行时现在完成进行时Hesaid,“Ihavebeendoingitforhours.”过去完成进行时过去完成进行时Hesaidhehadbeendoingitforhours.直接引直接引语语(变变化前化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)一般过去时一般过去时“IsawherlastMonday,”hesaid.过去完成时过去完成时HesaidhehadseenherthepreviousMonday.过去进行时过去进行时“IwaswaitingforJim,”shesaid.过去完成进行时过去完成进行时ShesaidshehadbeenwaitingforJim.直接引直接引语语(变变化前化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)一般将来时一般将来时Hesaid:“Weshallstarttomorrow.”过去将来时过去将来时Hesaidtheywouldstartthenextday.过去完成时过去完成时“Rickhadbeenillformanydaystillhedied.”Jacksaid.过去完成时过去完成时JacksaidRickhadbeenillformanydaystillhedied.一般现在时一般现在时现在完成时现在完成时现在进行时现在进行时一般将来时一般将来时一般过去时一般过去时一般一般过去过去时时过去过去完成时完成时过去过去进行时进行时过去过去将来时将来时过去过去完成时完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去进行时过去进行时不变不变1.“Itisreallycold,”shesaidtome.Shetoldmethatit_reallycold.was2.“IdontwanttogotherewithAlice,”saidTom.Tomsaidthathe_wanttogotherewithAlice.didnt3.Theboysaid,“Iwillbeapilot.”Theboysaidthathe_apilot.”wouldbe4.Tomsaid,“Wearelisteningtomusic.”Tomsaidthatthey_music.werelisteningto5.Mikesaid,“Ihavefinishedmyhomework.”Mikesaid_hishomework.hehadfinished 直接引语直接引语 间接引语间接引语时时 间间 状状 语语 nowtodaythisweekyesterdaylastweekfourdaysagotomorrownextmonththedayaftertomorrowthedaybeforeyesterdaythenthatdaythatweekthedaybeforetheweekbeforefourdaysbeforethenextdaythenextmonthintwodaystimetwodaysbefore3.3.其他变化其他变化 直接引语直接引语 间接引语间接引语指示代词指示代词 地点状语地点状语 方向性动词方向性动词 thisthatthesethoseheretherecome gobringtakeTheyasked,“Isiteasytosolvetheproblem?”Theyasked if/whether itiseasytosolvetheproblem wasTheyaskedifit waseasytosolvetheproblem.Heasked,“Whendoyouharvestthewheat?”Heaskedwhenyou harvestthewheat.we harvestedTheyaskedwhenwe harvestedthewheat.疑问句变为间接引语时疑问句变为间接引语时,除了除了要把疑问语序改为要把疑问语序改为陈述语序陈述语序,由由whether/if或特殊疑问词引或特殊疑问词引导外导外,人称、时态和状语人称、时态和状语等也等也要作相应地变化要作相应地变化。1.“Idontknowtheaddressofmynewhome,”saidAnne.Annesaidthatshedidntknowtheaddressofhernewhome.2.“Ivegottiredoflookingatnaturethroughdirtycurtainsanddustywindows,”Annesaidtoherfather.Annetoldherfatherthatshehadgottiredoflookingatnaturethroughdirtycurtainsanddustywindows.3.“Ineedtopackupmythingsinthesuitcaseveryquickly,”thegirlsaid.4.“Whydidyouchooseyourdiaryandoldletters?”herfatheraskedher.Thegirlsaidthatsheneededtopackupherthingsinthesuitcaseveryquickly.Herfatheraskedherwhyshechose/hadchosenherdiaryandoldletters.5.Motheraskedherif/whethershewasveryhotwithsomanyclotheson.6.Margotaskedherwhatelseshehadhiddenunderherovercoat.“Areyouveryhotwithsomanyclotheson?”Motherasked/saidtoher.“Whatelsehaveyouhiddenunderyourovercoat?”Margotaskedher.7.Anneaskedherfatherwhentheywouldgobackhome.8.FatheraskedAnnewhyshehadtalkedsomuchtothatboy.“Whenshallwegobackhome?”Anneaskedherfather.“Whydidyoutalksomuchtothatboy?”FatheraskedAnne.由直接引语转变为间接引语，下列情由直接引语转变为间接引语，下列情况时态不变况时态不变:Theteachersaidthatwaterfreezeswhenthetemperaturefallsbelow0.Theteachersaid,“Waterfreezeswhenthetemperaturefallsbelow0.”1.不变的真理不变的真理2.经常的习惯：经常的习惯：Hesaidtothedoctor,“Ismoketwopackseveryday.”Hetoldthedoctorthathesmokestwopackseveryday.3.直接引语为一般过去时并且与具体时间直接引语为一般过去时并且与具体时间状语连用：状语连用：Theteachersaid,“Thebabywasbornin2010.”Theteachersaidthebabywasbornin2010.4.部分情态动词部分情态动词,如如:must,oughtto,usedto,hadbetter等。等。Shesaidtome,“Youmusthurryup.”ShesaidthatImusthurryup.如果在当地转述如果在当地转述,here不必改为不必改为there,动词动词come不必改为不必改为go。如果在当天。如果在当天转述转述,yesterday/tomorrow等时间状语等时间状语也不必改变。也不必改变。A:Youneedntcomeheretomorrow.B:Whatdidshesay?C:Shesaidthatyouneedntcomeheretomorrow.1.Theteacheraskedthegirl,“Whyareyoucryinghere?”Theteacheraskedthegirl_crying_.2.“Whenwilltheplanetakeoff?”Iwondered.Iwondered_.whyshewastherewhentheplanewouldtakeoff3.“Haveyouseenourplaneyourself?”heaskedtheboy.Heaskedtheboy_plane_.whetherhehadseentheirhimself4.Theteacheraskedher,“Doesthesunriseintheeast?”Theteacheraskedher_thesun_intheeast.whetherrisesReviewtherulesofdirectspeechandindirectspeech.
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