铁道车辆名词术语

铁道车辆名词术语一、一般名词术语 General 1、车辆的种类 铁道车辆 rolling stock,railwayvehicle,railway car 客车 carriage,passeger car 货车 wagon.freight car 特种车 special car 钢木车 steel-wood car 全金属车 all metal car 全钢车 all steel car 二轴车 two-axle car 四轴车 four-axle car 六轴车 six-axle car 转向架式车 rogie car 关节式车 articulated car 动车 motor-car 拖车 trailer 控制车 controlling car 动车组 powered car train-set 合造车 combined car 简易客车 simply equipped coach代用客车 substitute passenger car双层客车 double-deck coach母车 car with axle generator子车 car without axle generator座车 seat coach硬座车 semi-cushioned seat coach软座车 cushioned seat coach,soft seat coach 卧车 sleeping car硬卧车 semi-cushioned berth sleeping car软卧车 cushioned berth sleeping car餐车 dining car行李车 luggage van,baggage car邮政车 mail van,postal car了望车 observation car公务车 service car,private car文教车 culture and education car医疗车 hospital car卫生车 ambulance car试验车 test car维修车 maintenance car宿营车 dormitory van,train crew car轨道检查车 track inspection car轨道探伤车 rail faults detection car 隧道摄影车 tunnel-photographing car 限界检查车 structure gauge detection car 检衡车 track scale test car 发电车 generator car 锅炉车 boiler car 救援车 relief car敞车 open-top car,gondola car棚车 covered wagon,box car平车 flat car罐车 tank car守车 caboose, brake van煤车 coal car 砂石车 gravel car 矿石车 ore car 漏斗车 hopper car 水泥车 cement car 保温车 thermal car 隔热车 insulated-cover wagon,insulated box car 加冰冷藏车 ice-cooled refrigerator car 冷冻板冷藏车 eutectic-ice-cooled refrigerator car 加温车 heater car冷藏加温车 refrigerator and heater car机械冷藏车 mechanical refrigerator car 单节机械冷藏车 mono-unit mechanical refrigerator car 机冷货物车 mechanical refrigerator freight car 机冷发电车 mechanical refrigerator generating car 机械冷藏车组 mechanical refrigerator car train-set 通风车 ventilated car家畜车 live stock car, stock car活鱼车 fish car零担办公车 office car for peddler train 毒品车 posion car集装箱车 container car长大货物车 heavy-duty car,high capacity car凹底平车 depressed center flat car 落下孔车 well car, well-hole car 双联平车 twinned flat car 钳夹车 schnabel car自动倾翻车 side dump car除雪车 sweeper, snow plow长钢轨车组 long rail car train-set电站车组 power station car train set车辆纵向 longitudinal direction of car车辆横向 transverse direction of car 车端 end of car一位端 “B” end of car二位端 “A” end of car一位侧 No.1 position side二位侧 No. 2 position side轴位 position of axle轮位 position of wheel梁位 position of sill车钩中心线高 hrightfron top of rail to coupler center 车辆长度 length of car车辆宽度 width of car 车辆最大宽度 max. width of car 车辆高度 height of car车辆最大高度 max. height of car车体长度 length over ends of car body底架长度 length of underframe罐体长度 length of tank barrek车体宽度 width over sides of car body底架长度 underframe width车体内长 inside length of car body车体内宽 inside width of car body车体内侧面高 inside height of car body车体内中心高 inside height from floor to roof centre 地板面高 height of floor from rail top 车辆定距（心盘中心距） length between bogie pivot centers 车辆全轴距 total wheel base of car车辆定距比 ratio of car body length to length between bogie centres换长 equivalent length旁承间隙 side bearing clearance自重 tare weight载重 loading capacity整备品重 servicing weight总重 gross weight自重系数 coefficient of tare weight,tare-to-load capacity 每延米重 load per meter of track簧上重量 suspended weight,weight above spring 簧下重量 non-suspended weight,weight under spring 构造速度 design speed通过最小曲线半径 min. radius of curvature negotiated 动力系数 coefficient of kinetic force 振动舒适度 comfortable quality of vibration平稳性指标（振动舒适度指标）index of running stability倾复稳定性 security of over turing from track脱轨稳定性 security of derailment6、其他空车 empty car轴数 number of axle车辆标记 lettering and marking of car车辆型号 model of car车辆号码 serial number of car定员 seating capacity技术履历簿 technical ancestry book吊 hanger卡 clamp,clip吊卡 anchor,suspension座 seat,rest,bracket吊座 hanger bracket托 carrier,support,bearer环 ring链 chain连接板 connecting plate补强板 reinforcing plate筋板 rib隔板 partion plate 撑板 staying plate 托板 supporting plate 固定板 fastening plate 压板 pressing plate 吊板 hanging plate 支承板 bearing plate 垫板 shim,pad 调整板 adjusting plate 限制板 locating plate 挡板 baffle plate 防跳板 anticreep plate 护板 shield plate 防尘板 dust guard plate 磨耗板 wear plate 防火板 fireproof plate 盖板 cover plate 腹板 web plate 翼板 flange plate 地板 floor plate 顶板 roof plate 墙板 side plate装饰板 decorating plate饰带板 lining根据位置不同所用板 plate used in other place节流板 moderating plate,limiting plate垫 shim,pad,liner,washer盖 cap,cover,lid阀 valve体 body梁 girder ， sill ， beam， stringer柱 post斜撑 diagonal brace压条 cornice，molding，treadle bar承木 wooden parting stringer，nailing strip 隔热材料 heat-insulating material二 走行装置 running gear1 一般走行装置 running gear转向架 bogie，truck二轴转向架 two-axle bogie三轴转向架 three-axle bogie组合转向架 combination bogie导框式转向架 pedestal bogie 导框式转向架 non-pedestal bogie 导框式转向架 pedestal bogie 整体侧架转向架 bogie with integral box side frame 构架 frame，bogie structure 侧架 bogie side frame 轮对 wheel set 有箍车轮 tyred wheel 整体车轮 solid wheel碾钢车轮 wrought steel wheel，rolled steel wheel 轴箱 journal box承载鞍 adapter轴箱定位装置 box guidance弹簧减振装置 spring and vibration absorber device 弹簧悬挂装置 suspension damper弹簧装置 spring device 轴箱弹簧装置 journal spring device 摇枕弹簧装置 bolster spring device 轴箱弹簧 journal spring 摇枕弹簧 bolster spring 均衡弹簧 equalizer spring 空气弹簧 air spring橡胶弹簧 rubber spring 第一系弹簧装置 primary suspension 第二系弹簧装置 secondary suspension 一系弹簧装置 single-stage suspension 二系弹簧装置 two-stage suspension 自动高度调整装置 automatic height ajuster 减振器 vibration absorber 摩擦减振器 snubber 油压减振器 hydraulic damper 旁承 side bearing 滑块式旁承 sliding block side bearing 摆块式旁承 pendulum side bearing 滚子式旁承 roller side bearing 液压旁承 hydraulic siide bearing 气液旁承 hydro-pneumatic side bearing 转向架基础制动装置 bogie brake rigging 踏面制动 tread braking 盘形制动 disc braking,rotor braking 单侧制动 signle side braking 双侧制动 clasp braking 制动梁 brake beam 闸瓦 brake block,brake shoe闸片 brake ling中磷闸瓦 medium phosphor brake shoe高磷闸瓦 high phosphor brake shoe合成闸瓦 composite brake shoe制动盘 braking disc心盘面自由高 free height from rail top to centre plate wearing surface转向架对角线 bogie diagonal轴距 wheel base固定轴距 fixed or rigid wheel base转向架全轴距 total wheel base of bogie assembly轮对内侧距 distance between backs of wheel rims轴颈中心距 distance between acting centres of journal load 踏面 tread踏面斜度 tread taper踏面基点 taping point滚动圆 rolling tread circle车轮直径 wheel diameter轮箍厚度 tire thickness轮辋内侧厚度 rim inside thickness轮辋外侧厚度 rim outside thickness轮辋宽度 rim width轮缘高度 flange height轮缘高度测定线 flange base line轮缘厚度 flange thickness轮毂直径 diameter of boss轮毂厚度 boss thickness轴箱导框间隙 pedestal clearance with pedestal guide摇枕挡间隙 column guide cleatance with the column 轴载荷 axle loading force轴荷重 axle load轴重 wheel set load心盘载荷 centre plate loading force旁承载荷 side bearing loading force斜对称载荷 obliquely symmetrical loading force弹簧静挠度 static deflection of spring弹簧动挠度 dynamic deflection of spring弹簧挠度裕量 surplus deflection of spring,reserve deflection of spring挠 度 裕 量 系 数 reserve coefficient(or surplus factor) of spring deflection转向架扭曲刚度 bogie against distortion rigidity 摩擦减振器相对摩擦系数 relative friction coefficient of snubber 油压减振器阻力系数 damping coefficient of hydraulic damper 减振指数 damping index 临界阻尼值 critical damping value 脱轨系数 coefficient of derailment 轴温 axle temperature 轮缘垂直磨耗 vertical wear on flange 踏面擦伤 scotching on wheel tread 踏面剥离 flaking on wheel tread2、转向架构架 bogie structure 发电机吊架 genertor hanger support 缓解弹簧座 release spring bracket 闸瓦托吊座 brake head hanger bracket 安全吊座 safety hanger bracket 固定支点座 fixed fulcrum bracket 端梁 end sill 侧梁 side sill 纵向梁 longitudinal sill 辅助梁 auxiliary transom 摇枕吊耳 bolster hanger lug 横梁 transom 闸瓦托吊耳 brake head hanger lug3 转向架侧 bogie side frame 轴箱承台 pedestal journal roof 上斜弦梁 top oblique chord 检查孔 inspection hole 斜楔挡 friction wedge stop 上弦梁 top chord 立柱 column 轴箱挡 pedestal leg 制动梁滑槽 brake beam guide 下弦梁 bottom chord 弹簧承台 spring seat 凸脐 spring seat boss 摇枕孔 bolster opening 下斜弦梁 bottom oblique chord 轴箱导框 pedestal4 摇枕及弹簧装置 bolster and spring device 弹簧托梁 spring plank carrier 摇枕吊 bolster hanger 摇枕吊销 bolster hanger pin 摇枕吊销座 bolster hanger pin seat 油压减振动器 hydraulic damper,oil damper弹簧夹板 spring button摇枕弹簧(外圈)bolster spring(outer) 摇枕弹簧(内圈) bolster spring(inner) 下旁承体 bogie side bearing base 下旁承胶垫 bogie side bearing rubber pad 下旁承滑块 bogie side bearing sliding block 摇枕挡 bolster guide 下心盘 bogie centre plate 中心销 centre pin 摇枕 bolster 下旁承 bogie side bearing 横向缓冲器 lateral buffer 横向拉杆 lateral connecting rod 摇枕板弹簧 bolster double elliptic spring 弹簧托板 spring plank 安全吊 safety hanger 摇枕吊轴 bolster hanger shaft5 摇枕 bogie bolster 斜楔摩擦面 bolster friction wedge pocket slope 凸脐 spring seat boss 心盘安装面 centre plate location排水孔 draining hole中心销孔 centre pin hole固定杠杆支点安装面 dead lever fulcrum bracket location下旁承座 bogie side bearing seat摇枕挡 column guide6，7 轮对轴箱及弹簧装置 wheel set，journal box and spring device后挡板 rear guard油卷 lubricating pad前枕 front guard轴箱盖 box lid轴瓦垫 journal bearing wedge轴箱体 journal box body轴瓦 journal bearing防尘板 dust guard，dust shield车轴皮带轮 axle belt pulley车轴 axle车轮 wheel防尘挡圈 dust guard ring滚动轴承 roller bearing弹簧支柱 spring guide-post定位套 locating bush轴箱弹簧 journal spring支持环 spring guide缓冲胶垫 rubber pad轴箱后盖 journal box rear cover轴箱体 journal box body紧定螺母 set nut防松板 locking plate轴箱前盖 journal box frim cover均衡弹簧座 equalizing spring seatequalizing轴箱导框 pedestal 均衡弹簧(内圈、中圈、外圈 spring(inner,intermediate,outer)均衡梁 equalizer轴箱托板 journal box tie bar轴箱导框磨耗板 pedestal wear plate8 轮对 wheel set车轴 axle车轮轮箍 tire,tyre车轮扣环 retaining ring 车轮轮心 wheel centre整体车轮 solid wheel9 车轴 axle中心孔 centre hole轴颈前肩 hournal front fillet 轴颈后肩 journal rear fillet 轮座前肩 wheel seat front fillet 轮座后肩 wheel seat rear fillet 轴中央部 axle middle portion 轴身 axle body 轮座 wheel seat防尘板座 dust guard seat轴颈 journal轴领 collar10 整体车轮 solid wheel辐板 web plate轮缘 flange轮毂孔 wheel hub bore轮毂 hub，boss轮辋 rim踏面 thread辐板孔 web plate hole11 轴箱体 journal box body前壁 front wall内顶 journal box roof轴箱口 journal box opening雨檐 eaves瓦垫挡 journal bearing wedge stopper承台座 pedestal seat底部 bottom排水槽 draining slot轴箱盖耳孔座 journal box hinge lug 后壁 rear wall防尘板槽 dust guard slot瓦耳挡 bearing lug guard侧壁 side wall导槽 pedestal guide12 油压减振器 hydraulic damper压板 pressing plate 胶垫 rubber fitting 垫板 pad 套 sleeve 密封盖 seal cap 密封圈 seal ring 密封衬垫 seal ring retainer 螺母 nut 密封弹簧 seal spring 导向套 guide bush 缸端盖 cylinder end cap 缸体 cylinder body 防尘罩 dust protector 活塞 piston 芯阀 key valve 阀套 valve bush 阀座 valve seat 阀瓣 valve clack 进油阀座 oil inlet valve seat 储油缸 oil storage cylinder13 转向架基础制动装置 bogie brake rigging制动梁 brake beam制动梁缓解弹簧 brake beam release spring 闸瓦托吊 brake head hanger 固定杠杆 dead lever拉杆间隙调整器 pull rod type slack adjuster 制动梁拉杆 brake beam pull rod 移动杠杆 live lever上拉杆导轮托 top connecting rod guide 移动杠杆上拉杆 live lever top connecting rod 拉杆 connecting rod移动杠杆拉杆吊 live lever conection hanger 闸瓦插销 brake shoe key 闸瓦 brake shoe闸瓦托 brake head闸瓦间隙调整器 brake shoe slack adjuster 拉环 brake beam and lever connection 移动杠杆拉杆 live lever connection 闸瓦托调整簧 brake head spring 卡板 catch plate压板 button调整板 adjusting plate调整螺杆 adjusting screw调整弹簧 adjusting spring调整螺母 adjusting nut14 制动梁 brake beam滚子 roller滚子轴 roller shaft下拉杆安全吊 lower connecting rod safety link支柱 strut弓形杆 tension rod槽钢梁 compression channel内挡箍 inner check ring闸瓦托 brake head端部磨耗板 end wear plate15 轴端发电装置 axle-end drive generating equipment调整手轮锁紧螺母 adjusting hand wheel lock nut 调整手轮 adjusting hand wheel调整弹簧垫 adjusting spring guide 调整弹簧 adjusting spring 调整弹簧座 adjusting spring seat 调整丝杠 adjusting lead screw 连接轴 connecting shaft 连接轴紧固螺母 connecting shaft sernut 密封前盖 front seal cap 挡尘板 dust guard 皮带轮 belt pulley 挡盖 guard cap 电机托 ceneratorbracker客车发电机 generator for passengercar 调整杠杆 adjusting lever