大学英语四六级考试虚拟语气详解资料（二）100字

大学英语四六级考试虚拟语气详解资料（二）100字 名词性从句中的虚拟语气 第一节：宾语从句(Subordinate Clasue)中的虚拟语气 一、在动词wish后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气在动词wish后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气，常省去宾语从句的引导词that。一)、对现在情况的虚拟(与现在的事实相反)： /从句用过去式或过去进行式(时间上是同时的)。其句子结构为：宾语从句的谓语be和were(was)，实义动词用过去式。例： / I wish (that可省略,下同)I knew the answer to the question.(wish, 动词过去式knew)我希望知道这个答案。(事实上是不知道) 作文 / 2. I wish it were spring in my hometown all the year around.(wish, were)但愿我的家乡四季如春。(事实上不可能) 3. I wish I were a bird.(wish, were)但愿我是只小鸟。(事实上不可能)4. When she was at the party,she wished she were at home.(wished,过去虚拟动词were)(事实上并不在家) /5. Now that he is in China, he wishes he understood Chinese.(wishes,过去虚拟动词understood)现在他在中国，他希望能懂得中文。(事实上并不懂) 6. When we begin the trip, they will wish they were with us.(will wish,过去虚拟动词were)(事实上并不和我们在一起)二)、对过去情况的虚拟(和过去的事实相反)： 用wish表示对过去事情的遗憾。其句子结构为：宾语从句的谓语用过去完成时，或would, could, might+现在完成时。例： 作文 / I wish (that可省略，下同)I hadnt wasted so much time. / 我后悔不该浪费这么多时间。(事实上已浪费了)2. He wishes he hadnt lost the chance.他真希望没有失去机会。(其实已失去) / 3. We wished he had spoken to us. /(wished，had + spoken)(事实上他并没同我们讲) /4. I wish you had called earlier.(wish, had + called)(事实上已迟了) / 5. They will wish they had listened to us sooner.(will wish,had + listened)(事实上并不如此) 例题分析：I wish I _ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class.A. could have slept B. sleptC. might have slept D. have slept动词wish后面接从句，表达不可能实现或与事实相反的情况时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即用过去式(表示现在发生的动作)或过去完成式(表示过去发生的动作)。本题后半句谓语动词have用的是过去时hadto get up and come, 所以前面要用过去完成时表示过去发生的动作。所以, 选项A)could have slept是答案 从句动词would/should/could/might + 动词原形(时间上较后)(请注意：主句和从句的主语不相同)。用wish表示对将来事情的愿望。例： I wish it would stop raining.(虚拟动词would+动词原形stop) 我希望雨能停止。(事实上雨还在下着呢) 毕业2. I wish you would be quiet.(would + be) / 我希望你安静一些。(事实上那家伙还在吵着呢)3. You wished she would arrive the next day.(would + arrive) /你希望她第二天会到。(事实上她还没到)4. I wish she would change her mind.(would + change) 毕业 我希望她会改变主意。(呵呵，女孩子可没那么容易就改变主意喔) /5. He will wish we would join him the following week.(would + join) 毕业 (只是希望我们和他在一起，实际上还没在一起)