语法第八讲 被动语态

语法第八讲被动语态一.概念:英语动词主语有两种不同的关系-主动关系和被动关系。表示主动关系的动词形式 称主动语态；表示被动关系的动词形式称为被动语态。在主动语态中，主语是谓语动作的发 出者；在被动语态中，主语是谓语的承受者。因此只 有及物动词及短语才有可能在被动 语态句中但任谓语。二构成： S + be + P.P三时态1 一般现在时S + is/am/are + P.PThe class is enjoyed by him.2 一般过去时 S + was/were +P.PThe classroom was cleaned yesterday3带有情态动词的被动语态S +情态动词+ be +P.PThe question neednt be discussed四用法1不知道动作的执行者2无必知道动作的执行者3强调动作的承受者五改法1.宾变主 谓对谓（do变be done）主变宾要记清主 谓宾主动语态： The driver repaired his car.被动语态：Th car was repaired by the driver2在主动语态中，make let have hear see notice feel watch等动词后面作宾补的动词不定式补 带to,变被动语态时应在不定式前加上to。如：Toms mother makes him wash hands before mealsTom is made to wash hands before meals （ by his mother）3含有直接宾语和间接宾语的主动句变为被动句时，可将任何一个宾语变为被动结构的主语。 一般把主动结构的间接宾语（即代表人的宾语）变为被动结构的主语。如果把直接宾语变为 被动结构的主语，必须在间接宾语前加to或for等4.词组整体要记牢，如：think of ,take care of ,look after throw out , pay attention to 等。The old must be spoken to politely.All the children were taken good care of by the nurse.