中国海洋大学命题专用纸(夜大学函授)

中 国 海 洋 大 学 命 题 专 用 纸（夜大学/函授）试题名称 ：专科第一学期期末考试样题专业： 年级： 学 号： 姓 名： 分 数： . Vocabulary and Structure: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence.(20%)1. He says what he thinks, other peoples feelings. A. despite of B. in view of C. in charge of D. regardless of2. The old machine wont properly if you dont oil it regularly. A. affect B. effect C. function D. practice3.What .you from joining us last night? A. prevented B. encouraged C. urged D. forbade 4.Im sorry to you, but can you direct me to the railway station? A. worry B. bother C. upset D. hurry5.When you do not understand a word, you can look it in this dictionary. A. on B. with C. up D. for6. The teacher said Tom is average in his lessons. A. on B. over C. above D. up7. Friendly between different peoples facilitate the cultural and economic interchange. A. contests B. contents C. contacts D. concerts8. Why are you talking in such a strange ? A. means B. manner C. matter D. measure9. When he heard how well the new company was doing , he took a calculated and invested all his money in it. A. venture B. chance C. opportunity D. risk10. Out of their expectation, a new difficulty has . A. arisen B. raised C. aroused D. arose11. Please sure that the house is locked before you leave. A. make B. take C. do D. let12. The children are computer games. A. addicted to B. attempted to C. adopted to D. associated to13. Their traveling expenses amount seven hundred dollars. A. for B. with C. to D. about14. You will have to work harder to up with the top students in your class. A. catch B. take C. hold D. make15. Shall I you up at the airport tomorrow morning? A. send B. pick C. see D. look16.There was a long before he answered the telephone. A. stop B. break C. interval D. occasion17. The accident resulted three people being killed. A. in B. from C. to D. for18.The political leader was defeated at last. His scandal his resignation. A. led away B. led off C. led up D. led to19. The managing directors only was how to improve the quality of their products. A. concern B. confirm C. conclude D. confess20. I aside my overcoat and took out my summer clothes. A. make B. take C. set D. bring。Please use the proper form of the words in brackets to complete the following sentences.(10%)1.The use of gunpowder was to the Chinese people before the Europeans.(know)2.I said hello to her but she showed no (recognize). 3.The boy took up my to run a race.(challenge)4.They made an of five million dollars for the diamond brooch. (offer)5.The car was along very slowly.(creep)6.Its a dirty job but the is good.(pay)7.She caught sight of herself in the shop window.(reflect)8.The to the competition will be published next week.(solve)9.I bought a lot of dresses during my in Paris last year.(stay)10. Those who attended the meeting mainly discussed the problem of teenage drug (addict)。Reading comprehension:The questions below are provided with 4 answers marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best one for each.(40%) Passage 1Aging is the process of growing old. It occurs eventually in every living thing provided, of course, that an illness or accident does not kill it prematurely. The most familiar outward signs of aging may be seen in old people, such as the gre4ying of the hair and the wrinkling of the skin. Signs of aging in a pet dog or cat include loss of playfulness and energy, a decline in hearing and eyesight, or even a slight greying of the coat. Plants age too, but the signs are much harder to detect. Most body parts grow bigger and stronger, and function more efficiently during childhood. They reach their peak at the time of maturity, or early adulthood. After that, they begin to decline. Bones, for example, gradually become lighter and more brittle. In the aged, the joints between the bones also become rigid and more inflexible. This can make moving very painful. All the major organs of the body show signs of aging. The brain, for example, works less efficiently, and even gets smaller in size. Thinking processes of all sorts are slowed down. Old people often have trouble in remembering recent events. One of the most serious changes of old age occurs in the arteries, the blood vessels that lead from the heart. They become thickened and constricted, allowing less blood to flow to the rest of the body. This condition accounts, directly or indirectly, for many of the diseases of the aged. It may, for example, result in heart attack.Aging is not a uniform process. Different parts of the body wear out at different rates. There are great differences among people in their rate of aging. Even the cells of the body differ in the way they age. The majority of cells are capable of reproducing themselves many times during the course of a lifetime. Nerve cells and muscle fibers can never be replaced once they wear out.Gerontologistsscientists who study the process of aging- believe that wearing out of the body is controlled by a built-in biological time-clock. They are trying to discover how this clock works so that they can slow down the process. This could give man a longer life and a great number of productive years.1. What is the main idea in the first paragraph? A. Signs of aging are easier to detect in animals than in plants. B. Aging occurs in every living thing after it has reached maturity. C. The outward signs of aging may be seen in old people. D. Not all signs of aging are visible.2.The human body begins to lose vigor and the ability to function efficiently .A. during childhood B. soon after reaching adulthoodC. soon after reaching adulthood D. in old age3.In old age the bones .A. become more flexible. B. become heavierC. break easilyD. cause much pain4. When the brain begins to age .A. eyesight will begin tooB. it becomes lighterC. the thinking process stopD. memorization declines5. “The arteries” refer to .A. the paths along which blood flows to all parts of the body.B. the tubes carrying blood back to the heart.C. vessels that are thickened and constricted.D. such heart diseases as suffered by old people.6.Many of the diseases of old people are the result of .A. lack of food B. low blood pressure C. the thickening of the blood vesselsD. poor blood circulation7. “Aging is not a uniform process” means that .A. old people do not have the same outward sighs of aging.B. not all people age at the same ageC. the process of aging is slowD. nerve cells and muscle fibers do not age simultaneously.8. Which of the following statements about aging is NOT true according to the passage?A. People vary in their rate of agingB. The cells of the body age in different ways.C. The various parts of the body do not wear out at the same rate.D. All body cells once worn out can never be replaced.9. Which of the following pieces of information is NOT given in the passage?A. Gerontologists can give man a longer life.B. Gerontologists can prevent diseases connected with aging.C. Gerontologists have discovered that aging is controlled by a built-in biological time-clock.D. Gerontologists are studying how they can slow down the process of aging.10. According to the passage, what condition is responsible for many of the diseases of the old?A. Their trouble in remembering recent events.B. The worn-out nerve cells and muscle fibers.C. The blood vessels that have become thickened and constricted.D. The rigid and inflexible joints between the bones.Passage 2What makes Americans spend nearly half their food dollars on meals away from home? The answers lie in the way Americans live today. During the first few decades of the twentieth century, canned and convenience foods freed the family cook from full-time duty at the kitchen range. Then, in the 1940s , work in the wartime defense plants took more women out of the home than ever before, setting the pattern of the working wife and mother. Today about half of the countrys married women are employed outside the home. But, unless family members pitch in with food preparation, women are not fully liberated from that chore. Instead many have become, in a sense, prisoners of the completely cooked convenience meal. It is easier to pick up a bucket of fried chicken on the way home from work or to take the family out for pizzas or burgers than to start opening cans or heating up frozen dinners after a long, hard day. Also, the rising divorce rate means that there are more single working parents with children to feed. And many young adults and elderly people, as well as unmarried and divorced mature people , live alone rather than as part of a family unit and dont want to bother cooking for one. Fast food is appealing because it is fast; it doesnt require any dressing up, and it offers a “fun” break.11. American women left home to work in large numbers because of . A. the increase in food prices B. the need of wartime industry C. the improved living standard D. the modernization of the kitchen12 The phrase “ pitch in” in Line 2, paragraph 2, is closest in meaning to .A. disagree with B. eat with good appetiteC. offer compliment D. offer help or support13.What is a working mothers best choice if she does not have time to prepare dinner for the family according to the passage ?A. Making a meal out of canned food. B. Buying some chicken on the way home and frying it. C. Taking the family to dinner at a pizza place.D. Heating up frozen dinners14 Which of the following groups of Americans are most likely to cook their own meal at home?A. Single working mothersB. Unemployed women with family C. Elderly people living aloneD. Unmarried mature people15 What is this passage mainly about?A. Changes in the American family during World War .B. Womens liberation in America.C. Rising divorce rate in America today.D. Reasons for the popularity of fast food in America. Passage ThreeThe amount of sleep each person needs depends on many factors, including age. Infants generally require about 16 hours a day, while teenagers need about 9 hours on average. For most adults , 7 to 8 hours a night appears to be the best amount of sleep, although some people may need as few as 5 hours or as many as 10 hours of sleep each day. Women in the first 3 months of pregnancy often need several more hours of sleep than usual. The amount of sleep a person needs also increases if he or she had been deprived of sleep in previous days. Getting too little sleep creates a “sleep debt” , which is much like being overdrawn at a bank. Eventually, your body will demand that the debt be repaid. We dont seem to adapt to getting less sleep than we need; while we may get used to a sleep-depriving schedule , our judgment, reaction time ,and other functions are still impaired. People tend to sleep more lightly and for shorter time spans as they get older, although they generally need about the same amount of sleep as they needed in early adulthood. About half of all people over 65 have frequent sleeping problems, such as insomnia, and deep sleep stages in many elderly people often become very short or stop completely. This change may be a normal part of aging, or it may result from medical problems that are common in elderly people and from the medications and other treatments for those problems. Experts say that if you feel drowsy during the day, even during boring activities, you havent had enough sleep. If you routinely fall asleep within 5 minutes of lying down, you probably have severe sleep deprivation, possibly even a sleep disorder. Microsleeps, or very brief episodes of sleep in an otherwise awake person, are another mark of sleep deprivation. Ina many cases, people are not aware that they are experiencing microsleeps. The widespread practice of “burning the candle at both ends” in western industrialized societies has created so much sleep deprivation that what is really abnormal sleepiness is now almost the norm. Many studies make it clear that sleep deprivation is dangerous. Sleep-deprived people who are tested by using a driving simulator or by performing a handeye coordination task perform as badly as or worse than those who are intoxicated. Sleep deprivation also magnifies alcohols effects on the body, so a fatigued person who drinks will become much more impaired than someone who is well rested. Driver fatigue is responsible for an estimated 100,000 motor vehicle accidents and 1,500 deaths each year, according to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Since drowsiness is the brains last step before falling asleep, driving while drowsy can-and often does- lead to disaster. Caffeine and other stimulants cannot overcome the effects of severe sleep deprivation. The National Sleep Foundation says that if you have trouble keeping your eyes focused , if you cant stop yawning, or if you cant remember driving the last few miles, you are probably too drowsy to drive safely.16. Who needs the longest sleep time according to the passage?A. An old woman. B.A pregnant womanC.A middle school student D. A baby girl17.Which of the following statements about “sleep debt” is true according to the passage?A. f you sleep more time than you need in previous days, then you can sleep less than normal in the following days.B. If you owe a sleep debt, you have to pay back for it.C. Sleep debt has nothing to do with ones health.D. You will get used to the sleep debt quickly and forget it.18.Which of the following doesnt belong to the mark of sleep deprivation?A. You always stay up late in the evening and feel sleepy when you begin to work in the next morning.B. You fall asleep very quickly even when you are sitting no a chair.C. You often get awake in the middle night several times.D. You have to take a nap during your work time.19.Which of the following conditions often happens to the old people especially people over 65 years old?A. They need more sleep time than their early adulthood.B. They seldom get awake during the sleep time even though there is great noise.C. They often feel sleepy during the daytime.D. They can not fall asleep in the middle night and easily wake up during the night.20. “Burning the candle at both ends” means .A. being completely consumed and thus no longer alight.B. going to bed late and getting up early.C. reading or working late into the night.D. becoming completely exhausted through overwork.。Please translate the following sentences into English, using the word given in brackets.(10%)1.春天来了，河上的冰开始碎开。(break up)2.下班回到家后，她便动手做起家务。(set to)3.孩子通常喜欢看动画片。(fond of)4.他们仍然在寻求和平解决的方法。(seek)5.在公共汽车上他把座位让给一位老太太。(offer)。Please put the following sentences into Chinese.(20%)1. In view of the circumstances, we must give up the plan at once.2. Their pleasure at spending enormous amounts is actually greater than the pleasure they get from the things they buy.3. Psychologists often use a method called “behavior therapy” to help individuals solve their personality problems.4. In this big department store, staff get 20% discount on all goods during Christmas seasons.5. Ear infections can result in impaired hearing.6. The accomplishment of the task depends largely on the solution of this key problem.7. Theory should by no means be separated from practice.8. Given that you had very little help, I think you did very well under the circumstances.9. The most familiar outward signs of aging may be seen in old people, such as the graying of the hair and the wrinkling of the skin.10. One of the most serious changes of old age occurs in the arteries, the blood vessels that lead from the heart.Answer Sheet.1. D2.C3.A4.B5.C6.C7.C8.B9.D10.A11.A12.A13.C14.A15.B16.C17.A18.D19.A20.C.1. known 2. recognition 3. challenge 4. offer 5. creeping6. payment 7. reflected 8. solution 9. stay 10. addiction.1. B2.C3.C4.D5.A6.C7.D8.D9.B10.C11.B12.D13.C14.B15.D16.D17.B18.C19.D20.D.1.When spring came, the ice on the river began to break up.2. As soon as she arrived home, she set to all kinds of homework.3.Generally, children are fond of watching cartoons.4. They are still seeking for a peaceful solution to this problem.5. He offered his seat to an old woman on the bus.1 鉴于这种环境，我们必须马上放弃这项计划。2 他们从花钱上获得的乐趣远比从花钱买到的东西上获得的乐趣多。3 心理学家经常用一种“行为疗法”来帮助人们解决心理问题。4 在这个百货商店，在圣诞节期间所有商品8折优惠。5 耳朵感染可能导致听力下降。6 任务的完成在很大程度上取决于解决这个关键问题的办法。7 理论必须要跟实践相结合8 考虑到没有外来的帮助，我认为在这种情况下你做得已经很好了。9 衰老最明显的特征显现在老年人身上，比如：头发灰白，皮肤褶皱等。10最严重的衰老发生在动脉血管里，所谓的动脉是由心脏通往全身各处的血管。授课教师命题教师签字教学负责人签 字年 月 日