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Unit 6 How do you get to school?知识解析【重要词汇概览】 take v. 搭乘(某种交通工具) subwayn. 地铁, 地下火车 hey int. (用以促使注意,表示惊异或) 嘿;喂 walk v. 走,步行,散步 train n. 火车u forty num.四十u fifty num.五十u sixty num.六十u seventy num.七十u eighty num.八十u ninety num.九十u hundred num.一百 minuten. 分钟u take v. 花费(时间)u by prep.表示交通、传递等的方式u far adj.远的,遥远的 kilometer n. 公里,千米u shower v. n. 淋浴 quick adj. 快的,迅速的u bicycle n.自行车,两轮脚踏车u station n. 车站u early adj.早的,提早的 mile n. 英里 transportation n. 运送,运输u part n.地区,区域u thing n.事物,事情u other n. 另外的,其他的 north n. 北部,北方 adj. 北部的,北方的 dependv. 依靠,依赖u river n. 河,江u boat n. 船 mustaux.v. 必须,一定要 more adv.(用于构成部分形容词及副词的比较级)(比.)更,更好的,更大的u than conj. (用于形容词、副词的比较级之后)比u means n. 方法,手段,工具u car n.小汽车 illadj. 生病的,不健康得 worryv. 担心,担忧,焦虑u so adv.(表示程度) 这么,那么u much adv.十分,非常【重要词组概览】1、 take sb. some time to do sth. 花费某人某些时间去做某事 2、 leave for 离开去某地 3、 take the subway乘坐地铁4、 how far 多远5、 bus station 汽车站6、 bus ride乘汽车之行 7、 school bus校车8、 come back 回来9、take the train乘坐火车 10、 take the bus乘坐公共汽车 11、 get to school 到校 12、by boat乘坐小船13、walk to school步行去上学 14、from .to. 从.到.15、forty minutes 四十分钟16、depend on 依靠,依赖17、 be different from 和.不同18、have to不得不19、a number of 许多的、大量的”20、have a quick breakfast 快速吃完早饭21、take sb. to a place 把某人带到某地22、how long 多久【交际用语】1. How do you get to school ? 你怎样到学校? 2. How does Mary get to school ? Mary怎样到学校? 3. She takes the train . 她乘火车。 4. How long does it take ? 花多长时间? 5. It takes about 10 minutes to walk and 15 minutes by bus . 走路大约要用10分钟,乘公共汽车要用15分钟。 6. How far is it from his home to school ? 从他家到学校有多远? 7. Its three miles . 三英里。 8. How do I get there ? 我怎么(才能)到那儿? 9. How far is it from here ? 从这儿(到那儿)有多远? 10. How far do you live from school ? 你住的地方离学校有多远?【重点难点释义】(Language Points)section A1. How do you get to school ? 你是怎样到学校的。特殊疑问词How表示“怎么样” get to表示“到达”。相当于reach . 如:I get to school at 8 oclock . 或:I reach school at 8 oclock . 注意:get to + 名词,必须有“to”,因为“get”是不及物动词,如get to Beijing。 而reach Beijing . “reach”因为是及物动词,可直接跟宾语,不加“to”。 另外:get to后如果跟“there , here , home”这三个副词时,不加“to”。 get there 到达那里 get here 到达这里 get home 到家 arrive也表示到达,后面要加介词in或at.如:He arrived in London at 3 p.m. 他下午三点到达伦敦。此外:(同“get to”一样,后跟副词“there , here , home”时介词“in”或“at”不出现。如:He arrived home yesterday .昨天他到家了。)2. 表示乘什么交通工具时可以说: He takes the train . 他乘火车。take表示“乘坐” He takes the bus . 他乘公共汽车。 还有表示交通方式时可以说: He gets to school by bus / train / plane或air / ship / car 他乘公共汽车/火车/飞机/船/小卧车到学校。 by“介词”表示“乘”什么工具。 注意在by和bus等中间不加冠词“the”。 但当我们说步行到哪里时不用介词“by”,而用“on”。 on foot 如:He goes to school on foot . 他步行去学校。 此外还可以说成:He walks to school . 3. 在美国我们说地下铁为subway . 英国将地下铁称为underground . 4. How long does it take ? take 在这里表示“花费时间”、“占用”、“需要”的意思。 如:It takes twenty - five minutes . 占用25分钟。 5. How long does it take you to get from home to school ? To do something take(s) somebody (sb) some time 做某件事情占用某人时间 如:To get to the hospital takes you half an hour . 其中“To get to the hospital”是不定式做主语。 不定式结构就是to + 动词原形。 如:want to play 中“to play”就是不定式。 在上一例句中不定式(划线)部分作主语太长,使句子不平衡。为了保持句子平衡,我们将它放在句尾。这时需要一个“形式”主语来代替它放在主语的位置。那么上一句就应该为:It takes you half an hour to get to the hospital . It为形式主语。 到目前为止我们已经学了几种“it”的用法。 1)表示动物的“它”。It is a panda .它是个熊猫。 2)表示前边提到过的事情或物。 如:I like the book . It is interesting . 3)表示天气。 It is warm . 天很暖和。 4)表示距离: It is ten miles。距离10英里。 5)作形式主语: It is important to eat a balanced diet . 真正的主语是to eat a balanced diet . 6)表示时间: It is 8 oclock . fromto表示“从到” from Shanghai to Beijing .从上海到北京。6. 在英语中以how开头的特殊疑问句有:How old are you?How are you?How do you like the book?How is the weather?How long are you staying there?How soon will she be back?How often do you watch TV?How far is it from his home to school.注意: “How far” 表示 “距离”有多远。7. Then he leaves for school at around half past six.(1) leave 动词: “离开,留下”将托给他人;剩下;让处于状态。如: Its time for us to leave. He left England and never returned. Many children leave school at 16. Leave the door open., please. Dont leave her waiting outside in the rain. He left his gloves on the bus. Someone left this note for you. There is ten minutes left.另外: leave 还有很多固定搭配.leave it at that 到此为止吧 leave the room 上厕所leave off 停止 leave sth over 推迟某事leave for 前往某地(2) around 介词, 到处,在附近,围绕;大约.如: I hope to travel around the world.我希望环球旅行。Dont throw about the litter. 不要乱仍杂物。I saw him around the place this morning.今天早晨我看见他在附近。The earth turns around the sun.地球围绕太阳转。It happened around ten years ago.这件事发生在大约10年前。副词, “在周围,到处,大概,大约”They met at around 5 oclock.他们大约在五点钟见面。They looked around, but they found nobody. 他们向四周看,但没发现一个人。Section B1. bus stop stop 这里是名词,停止,逗留;停车站.例如: The train came to a sudden stop.那辆火车突然停下来。The trains goes from London to Leeds with only two stops.那次列车从伦敦到利兹只停两站。Where is the nearest bus stop?最近的公共汽车站在哪?Which stop do I get off at?我应该在哪下车?动词 “停止;阻止,堵塞,逗留”例如: He never stops talking?他总是说个不停。Its getting late. lets stop to go home. 天黑了,让我们停下来回家吧。Our teacher stops us from swimming in that river.我们的老师阻止我们在那条河里游泳。2. bus station station 名词 站,所,台.A fire station 消防站 a police station派出所 TV station 电视台 3. In China , it depends on where you are. depend v. 依靠,依赖1) depend(常与on, upon连用)视情况而定That depends.视情形而定。It all depends on how you tackle the problem.那要看你如何应付这问题而定。2)(常与on 连用)信任,信赖;需要I havent a car, I have to depend on the buses.我没有汽车,只能靠公共汽车。Children must depend on their parents.孩子们必须依赖他们的父母。You can depend on his honesty.你可以相信他的诚实。depend on依靠;由.而定, 取决于;从属于;依赖其维持depend upon依靠;由.而定, 取决于;从属于;依赖其维4. A small number of students take the subway to school A number of “一些” 这个短语的后面只可以修饰可数名词复数。例如: A number of questions have come out.已经出现了一些问题。A large number of people lost their lives in that accident. 在那场事故中许多人丧生了。只可以修饰可数名词复数的词还有many, few, a few.可以修饰可数名词也可以修饰不可数名词的词有,some ,a lot of, lots of. 五. 语法知识一般现在时一般现在时表示经常或习惯性的动作或现在存在的状态,还表示主语具备的性格和能力及客观真理。e.g. I get up at 6:30 in the morning. 我早晨6:00起床。He is at home. 他在家。We all like Mr. Li. 我们都喜欢李老师。She can speak English. 她会说英语。一般现在时的构成:(1)肯定句:主语+谓语动词+其他。(注意:当主语为第三人称单数的时候谓语动词后要加s或es. )e.g. I read English every morning. 我每天早上读英语。Mr. Jack reads newspaper after supper every day.(2)否定句:主语+ dont(doesnt ) +动词原形+其他。e.g. I dont go to school on Sunday. 我星期天不上学。He doesnt read English in the morning. 他早上不读英语。(3)一般疑问句:助动词Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其他+? e.g. Do you like English? 你喜欢英语吗? Yes, I do. 是的,我喜欢。 Does she like English? 她喜欢英语吗? No, she doesnt. 不,她不喜欢。(4)特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句+? What do you do every day? 你每天做些什么?What does he do every day? 他每天做些什么?When does Mr. Jack read newspaper every day?【语法知识聚焦】1. It takes sb. some time to do sth. 花费某人某些时间去做某事例如:It took the people a lot of time to get to the mountain.人们花了很多时间才到了那座大山。It takes me twenty minutes to get to school on foot every morning.每天早晨我步行到学校要花费二十分钟。It will take three hours to finish the work.完成那项工作需要花费三个小时。2. 动词take还有其他词义;例如:1) 得到;获得You have to take it as you find it.对这个你只得将就些算了。2) 拿;握住;抓住The mother took her child by the hand.母亲拉着孩子的手。3) 取走,拿走Take this shopping home.把这件买的东西拿回家。The foods here are all free - take any you like.这里的食品都是免费的,你们随便吃吧。Who has taken my chocolate?谁拿了我的巧克力?4) 乘,坐,搭(车、船)Shall we go by bus or take a cab?我们是乘公共汽车去还是乘出租汽车去?to take a bus to work乘公共汽车上班5) 吃;喝;服用;吸入Take your medicine.把药服下。6) 进行;作;为to take a walk 散步If you dont take / get more exercise youll get fat.你如果不多锻炼就会发胖。The state government has decided to take a 50% cut of oil profits.州政府决定抽取石油利润的百分之五十。We must take a long hard look at their suggestion.他们的建议我们要好好研究一番。 take a look around在附近看看7) 测出,量出Take your temperature.量一量你的体温。8) 减掉,去掉If you take 4 from 10, you have 6.十减去四剩六。9) 懂得;了解Do you take me?你懂我的意思吗?10) 攻读,修(课)Did you take history at school?你在学校上过历史课吗?11) 吸引;着迷He is really taken by the little dog.他对小狗着了迷。12) 持续,花费(时间)Just a minute, it wont take me long to change.等一下,我很快就可以换好衣服。This new pain-killer doesnt take long to act on the pain?这种新止痛药不需要很长时间就能发挥止痛作用。13) 照像,拍照This time, he managed to climb into the mouth of Kituro so that he could take photographs and measure temperatures.这次他设法爬进了基特罗火山口,以便能拍到照片,测量温度。I had my picture taken this morning.今天早晨我照了像。3. depend v. 依靠,依赖1) depend(常与on, upon连用)视情况而定That depends.视情形而定。It all depends on how you tackle the problem.那要看你如何应付这问题而定。2)(常与on 连用)信任,信赖;需要I havent a car, I have to depend on the buses.我没有汽车,只能靠公共汽车。Children must depend on their parents.孩子们必须依赖他们的父母You can depend on his honesty.你可以相信他的诚实depend on依靠;由.而定, 取决于;从属于;依赖其维持depend upon依靠;由.而定, 取决于;从属于;依赖其维持
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