常用钻井液体系翻译

常用钻井液体系翻译1. 聚合醇钻井液体系聚乙二醇和聚合醇是聚合醇钻井液体系的主要成分，在水基钻井液体系中有着优秀的 润滑和稳定井壁的作用。聚合醇的浊点是指：产品在浊点以下在水基体系任意互溶，当温度 高于浊点时变成水不溶物以小微珠形式从水中析出。聚合醇是一种非离子表面活性剂，白色类似牛奶的粘稠液体，低温与水互溶，升到一 定温度后，一部分以小微珠形式从水中析出，使溶液变得混浊不透明。浊点现象可逆，小微 珠可以堵塞地层孔隙和缝隙，或沉积在井壁泥饼上，稳定井壁，提高钻井液本身和井壁的润 滑性能，减轻油气层损害。Polyglycol and polyalcohol are used as principal ingredients in polyglycol & ployacohol drilling fluid system and as excellent lubricants and borehole stabilizers in other water base drilling fluid systems.Cloud point of a polyacohol refers to the temperature below which the product is in dissolved state in a water base system in any proportion and above which it becomes water insoluble and comes out from the water phase of the fluid as small droplets.Polyalcohol is a kind of nonionic surfactant.Its a white color viscous liquid similar to the milk.The cloud point phenomenon is reversible.The small droplets can plug fissures and give birth of tough and strengthened mud cake in the purpose of obtaining a stable borehole wall.It can improve the lubricity of the fluid system and the mud cake. Meanwhile the addition of polyalcohol can prevent formation damage.2. 甲酸盐钻井液体系 甲酸盐钻井液体系是不含膨润土的钻井液，溶解大量的甲酸盐，具有一定的密度，有 很强的防止油气层损害的功能，常用做完井液。甲酸盐钻井液的密度范围可以通过选择甲酸 盐类型和可酸溶的加重材料，如碳酸钙和赤铁矿粉加重在1.62.3g/cm3之间，甲酸钾含量在 35%时密度可达1.6g/cm3。甲酸盐抑制性强，可防止地层粘土颗粒水化分散，岩屑回收率高。 同时使用增稠剂、降失水剂、润滑剂和消泡剂以使甲酸盐钻井液具有满意的性能。从而具有 很好的井壁稳定和减轻油气层损害的效能。加入顺序，在水中加入增稠剂，降失水剂，消泡剂和甲酸盐。为使甲酸盐显示出它的 无固相和抑制性好的优点，应及时将侵入的钻屑清除是至关重要的，为保持甲酸盐钻井液的 密度，应实时检测和补充钻井液的甲酸盐，使其达到要求的含量。Formate drilling fluid system is low-bentonite.It dissolves a great deal of formates and gets a certain density.It may effectively prevent oil and gas formaton damage.It usually used in completion fluids.The scale of drilling fluid density can be controled by different types of formates and some acid-soluble materials.Such as calcium carbonate and hematite can be used in the density between 1.6 to 2.3g/cm3.The density can reach 1.6g/cm3 in 35% formate potassium liquid solution.Formates have strong inhibitive to prevent shale hydration and swelling. Meanwhile the addition of viscosifiers,FL control agents,lubricants and defoamers can get a satisfactory performance of this system.3. 高密度低固相钻井液体系The high density and low solid drilling fluid system采用多组分水溶性盐做加重剂，最高密度可达2.5g/cm3。体系的抑制性强，固相含量 低，泥饼薄而致密，钻井液对地层污染小，渗透率恢复值高，保护油气层效果好。同时使用 包被剂、降滤失剂、增粘提切剂和极压润滑剂可以使该体系的钻井液具有满意的性能。从而 具有很好的井壁稳定和减轻油气层损害的效能。The multi-component water-soluble salt used as weighting materials.The maximum density can reach 2.5 g/cm3. The system has strong inhibition,low solid content,dense mud cake,low pollution to the formation, high permeability restore value,good protection to the oil and gas layer.Meanwhile the addition of encapsulators,FL control agents,viscosifiers and lubricants can get a satisfactory performance of this system. Thus a good borehole stability and low damage to the formation can be received.4. 甲酸盐完井液体系Formate completion fluid system 该体系以易溶于水、密度可调范围广的甲酸盐做加重剂，具有很宽的密度范围，能在 1.02.3g/cm3 之间自由调节钻井完井液密度，大大提高聚合物的高温稳定性，消除了常规高 密度完井液中因重晶石含量高、高温下聚合物易降解等因素造成的高温高压油气井难于开发 的问题，适用于多种高温高压条件下复杂井的钻完井施工作业。The system is soluble in water.It has a wide range of density by using formate as its weighting materials.The density of this completion can get between 1.0 to 2.3g/cm3.It greatly improves the stability of copolymer in the high temperature.It eliminates exploitation problems in the high pressure oil and gas wells because of the high content of barite,the breaking down of copolymer.Its widely used as completion in a variety of high temperature and high pressure conditions5. 暂堵无固相完井液体系 体系无固相，所使用的水可以是高矿化度的盐水，能够有效抑制地层水化膨胀，稳定 井壁。体系使用的封堵材料为有机交联高分子材料，各支链上均含有羟基、羧基、酰胺基、 磺酸基等水化和吸附基团，具有较高的吸水膨化性、伸缩延展性和吸附性。遇水能膨胀 50200 倍，在外力作用下，会主动变形吸附在井壁表面，形成一张具有韧性的薄膜保护层， 防止外来固体或液体侵入地层，更好的保护油气层。同时由于产品中交联主架为酶变性天然 高分子材料和合成特殊材料，可调节降解解堵。体系中有一定含量的助排降粘剂，可以有效 降低地层孔隙中流体的粘度，保持地层孔隙通畅。Temporarily blocked and non-soild completionfluid systemThis system has non-soild and can use in high salty water.Its effective inhibitors can suppress shale hydration and swelling.Therefore a stable borehole could be ensured.The blocked material is polymeric organic substance.The branched-chain cantains hydration and adsorption group,such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, amide groups and sulphonates.These groups have a higher expansion and adsorption in water.It can expand 50 to 200 times and get distortion to adsorb on the borehole wall.The forming of protective layer can prevent invasive of outer soild or liquid.So a better protection of oil and gas could be ensured.The most impotant character of this system is the polymer materials can be easy degraded to end the block.6. 高密度无固相完井液体系 以铵、钠、钾、钙和锌的溴化物和氯化物为基质，矿化度高，抑制了地层的水化、膨 胀、分散，用复合季铵型阳离子聚合物作为稳定粘土剂，维持体系中的阳离子平衡，防止粘 土膨胀和运移，不溶于原油和烃类，抗油洗能力强，且不存在润湿反转问题。系列抗高温高 盐缓蚀剂，该缓蚀剂与完井液、地层水等具有良好的配伍性，该缓蚀剂能抗150C的高温， 在150C的高温环境下不分解，以生物酶为主要用剂开发出的系列环保型高效解堵剂，该解 堵剂和完井液配伍性好，在完井过程中防止泥浆污染地层的同时有效地清除油层中的暂堵物 质，保证油层有更高的渗透率恢复值。High density non-solid completion fluid systemThis system uses ammonium, sodium, potassium, calcium and zinc chloride and bromide as weighting materials.It has a high mineralization to suppress shale hydration and swelling.It uses quaternary ammonium cationic polymer as a shale inhibitor.It contain a series of high temperature, high-salt corrosion inhibitor which can resist 150C.And a higher penetration value of reservoir restoration can be ensured.