形容词和副词

形容词和副词,(一),一、形容词的定义： 修饰名词，表示人/事物的性质、特征等。 She is a beautiful girl. It is a useful book.,二、形容词的句法功能如下表：,作表语,例句,句法功能,Its an interesting film. I have something important to tell you.,宾语补足语,I found the book very interesting.,作前置定语 后置定语,练习,She is a _(nature) musician. The man is a worker _(retire) last year. It will not be _(suit) for us to live in the world in the future. The child was very _ (interest) in the story. We all find it _(importance) to learn English. 6.Mary felt _(please), because there were many empty seats in the room.,natural,retired,suitable,interested,important,pleased,Neither Tom nor Susan can swim very well.,修饰其他 副词,Wang Wei can be really stubborn.,修饰形容词,修饰动词,作状语,We used to see each other regularly.,修饰全句,Obviously there is much room for,improvement in our work.,三、副词的定义：,修饰动词、形容词、副词及整个句子，说明时间、地点、程度、方式等。,句法功能,练习,1.She _(quiet) left the room. 2. Its snowing _(heavy) outside 3. Two men were in the street , and one of whom seemed _(slight) familiar.,slightly,quietly,heavily,四、形容词变副词的规则：zxx/k,一般直接加, “元e”去e加, “辅y”改i加, “le”结尾e改y。,quick -,quickly,true -,happy -,possible -,truly,happily,possibly,5. But such a small thing couldnt _(possible) destroy a village. 6. It is _(like) that he would lose the game. 7. The stranger spoke to me in a _(friend) way. 8. _(obvious) he cant tell the difference between them.,possibly,likely,friendly,Obviously,1.This lesson is _(easy) than the last one. 2.A duck can certainly swim_ (fast) than a hen. 3.Linda is the _(tall) student in her class.,五、基本用法：,easier,faster,tallest,1. 两者相比,用“比较级than”表示 2. 三个或三个以上的人或事物比较，表示最高程度时， 用“the（或形容词性物主代词）最高级in/of 短语或从句”表示,注：除了 “the +最高级”外，最高级还有其他的表达方式。如：,4.Speaking of all the songs he has written, I think this is probably his _ (well-know) one.,best-known,3.用比较级形式表示最高级含义,1.How beautifully she sings! I have never heard a _ (good) voice. 2.Nothing could be _(good) .,1）句型：“never.a形容词比较级单数名词”或 “nothing.形容词比较级”,better,better,2)比较级+than any other+名词单数,He is _（tall）than any other student in his class. He is _ （tall）than any of the other students in his class. He is _ （tall） than anyone else in his class.,taller,3)比较级+than any of the other+名词复数.,taller,4)比较级+than anyone else,taller,(1)He could drive as _(careful) as his father. (2) Ten years ago the population of our village was twice as _ (large) as that of theirs. (3)The boy is not so _ (patience) as his brother. (4)This machine does not run as _ (smooth) as that one. (5) Im not so _ ( luck )as others.,carefully,4. 两者相比，用“as原级as” 或“not as/so原级as” 表示。,patient,smoothly,lucky,large,hothotterhottest,双写词尾，再,以重读闭音节,happy-happier-happiest,变y为i, 再加er,“辅音字母y”,brave-braver-bravest,加 r, st,以e结尾,例词,构成方式,加er, est,一般情况下,small-smaller-smallest,结尾,est,结尾,加er , est,部分双音节 和多音节词,加more , most,more beautiful most beautiful,六、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成:,七、特殊的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级：,better,best,worse,worst,more,most,less,least,further, farther,furthest, farthest,older, elder,oldest, eldest,短文填空： Sarah, who is 12 years 1_(old), is one year 2_(old) than me. But I am 0.1 meter 3_ (tall) than her. She studies in Guangzhou International School and studies 4_(hard) in her class. Usually she comes to school a little 5_ (early) than other students. She speaks English as 6_(fluent) as our English teacher and she is 7_(humor). Everyone likes her.,old,older,taller,hardest,earlier,fluently,humorous,Yesterday, she felt 8_(illness). She took some medicine and she feels much 9_(good) now. If she keeps studying hard, she will make even 10_(great) progress in the future.,ill,better,greater,sum up:,一、形容词的定义：修饰名词，表示人/事物的性质、特征等。,二、形容词的句法功能如下表：,1.作前置定语 后置定语 2.作表语 3.宾语补足语,三、副词的定义：,修饰动词、形容词、副词及整个句子，说明时间、地点、程度、方式等。z/xxk,四、形容词变副词的规则：,口诀:一般直接加, “元e”去e加, “辅y”改i加, “le”结尾e改y。,五、基本用法：,1. 两者相比,用“比较级than”表示 2. 三个或三个以上的人或事物比较，表示最高程度时， 用“the（或形容词性物主代词）最高级in/of 短语或从句”表示,注：除了 “the +最高级”外，最高级还有其他的表达方式。如：,3.用比较级形式表示最高级含义,1）句型：“never.a形容词比较级单数名词”或 “nothing.形容词比较级”,2）比较级+than any other+名词单数,3)比较级+than any of the other+名词复数.,4)比较级+than anyone else,六、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成:,七、特殊的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级：,4. 两者相比，用“as原级as” 或“not as/so原级as” 表示。,形容词和副词,（二）,1. “the比较级，the比较级” “越，就越”,The _ (long) they stay on the sheeps back , the more points they will get. The harder you work, the _ (great) progress you will make.,longer,greater,2. “比较级and比较级” “more and more原级” “less and less原级”。,In spring, the days are getting _(long) and longer. In many ways, my disability has made me grow more and more _(independence). She found the job less and less_ (attract).,longer,independent,“越来越”,attractive,3. 表示“与其不如”：morethan,He is _ （luck） than clever.,more lucky,4. the+比较级，特指两个人或者两个事物中较为突出的一个,1.If the manager had to choose one of the two, he would say Tim was the _ （good）choice.,better,2.Of the two coats, Id choose the _ (cheap) one to spare some money for a book.,cheaper,5.比较级前可用a bit, a little, some, any表示“稍稍，一点”；用much, far, a great/good deal, a lot等表示“得多”；用still(只用于肯定句), even, yet等表示“更加”等，若空格前有这些词，就有可能是填比较级了,3.I advise you to take a small step out of your comfort zone and try to make someones day a little _ (bright). 13. You are driving too fast. Can you drive a bit _ (slowly)?,brighter,more slowly,6.根据语境来判断省略了“than+比较对象”的隐性比较级或最高级。,1.The melon the Smiths served at dinner would have tasted _ (good) if it had been put in the fridge for a little while.,2. Work gets done _ (easily) when people do it together, and the rewards are higher too.,3.The other day my friends and I were eating in the cafeteria and I saw her walking around. When she came _ (close) to us I could see that she was crying.,better,more easily,4.I dont think this film is by far the most boring. I have seen_ (bad).,worse,closer,7.倍数的表达法：,(1) A + be +倍数 as +计量形容词原级+as B,(2) A +be+倍数+形容词比较级+than B,wide,This road is three times as _ （wide ）as that one.,The car is exactly five times _ （expensive ）than that one.,more expensive,8.“ the+ adj. ” 作主语或宾语,1.The _(injure) were carried away on stretchers. 2.It is reported that the _ (wound) have been treated and the _ (lose) have been found. 3.Teams were organized to dig out the trapped and buried the _(die).,lost,wounded,injured,dead,sum up:,1. “the比较级，the比较级” “越，就越”,2. “比较级and比较级” “more and more原级” “less and less原级”。,“越来越”,3. 表示“与其不如”：morethan,4. the+比较级，特指两个人或者两个事物中较为突出的一个,5.比较级前可用a bit, a little, some, any表示“稍稍，一点”；用much, far, a great/good deal, a lot等表示“得多”；用still(只用于肯定句), even, yet等表示“更加”等，若空格前有这些词，就有可能是填比较级了,6.根据语境来判断省略了“than+比较对象”的隐性比较级或最高级。,8.“ the+ adj. ” 作主语或宾语,7.倍数的表达法：,(1) A + be +倍数 as +计量形容词原级+as B,(2) A +be+倍数+形容词比较级+than B,综合练习,一.用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. John is the _ (brave) of the two boys. 2. Beijing is one of the _(large) cities in China. 3. I think watching TV every evening is a waste of timethere are_ meaningful things to do.P.183 4. This is by far (inspiring) movie that I have ever seen.,braver,largest,more,the most inspiring,5. His teacher took a deep drink, smiled _ (warm), and thanked his student very much for the sweet water. 6. This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their _ (nature) course. 7. We drank together and talked _ (merry) till far into the night. 8. One of the _ (bad) gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher, Ms Chen.,warmly,natural,merrily,worst,9. I later learned that the man made his living this way: tricking tourists. This was the _ (bad) thing I ever experienced in “Interesting India”.( P.183) 10. The conclusion are contained in the agencys _ (late) report. This report points to a lack of opportunities for girls and women in education and work (P.183) 11.The teacher replied，“You tasted the water. I tasted the gift. The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love. Nothing could be _ (sweet)”,worst,latest,sweeter,12.Fine snow covered the yard, dusted the top of my truck and whitened the road. But that wasnt the _ (bad) part.(P.183) 13. The _ (busy) time is around Spring Festival, because many people go back to their hometowns for family reunions or go traveling.(P.183) 14. This washing machine is environmentally friendly because it uses _ (little) water and electricity than _ (old) models .(P.184) 15._(obvious) he cant tell the difference between them.,worst,busiest,less,older,Obviously,17. _(determine) to go to Beijing University, he studies very hard. 18._(satisfy) with what his son did, father smiled and left.,Determined,Satisfied,二、语篇填空 （名师P.184) I dont think it 1. _(difficulty) to learn English well, because as long as you work hard, you can learn it well. I believe that the 2. _ (hard) you work at your study, the better you can learn it. For example, Li Ping, a friend of 3. _, is the 4._ hardworking student in our class, and he gets 5. _ (high) marks than any other students in our class in every English test.,difficult,harder,mine,most,higher,6. _(lead) by him, all the students in our class are studying English 7. _(越来越努力). As a result, in the latest English test, our class was the 8. _(good) of the two key classes in our school, and the number of students who got excellent marks is 9. _ _ (两倍大) that of the other. Therefore,10. _ of us should study hard no matter what we learn.,Led,harder and harder,better,large as /twice larger than,all,twice as,6. Led。因“在他的带领下”，用-ed形式作状语，表示原因。 7. harder and harder。表示“越来越”，用“比较级+比较级”表示。 8. better。表示“两者中较的那一个”，用 the +比较级+of the two。 9. twice as large as /twice larger than。倍数表达法。 10. all。指“我们所有的人”都应努力学习。,本文论述了只要努力学习就能学好的观点。 1. difficult。 作宾补要用形容词。 2. harder。 是“the+比较级，the+比较级”句型，表示“越就越”。 3. mine。 指my friends。 4. most。 因有in our class表示范围，要用最高级。 5. higher。 由than可知要用比较级，本句是用比较级表示最高级的句型。,When a plane from London arrived at Sydney airport, workers began to unload a number of wooden boxes 1 _contained clothing. No one could account for the fact that one of the boxes was 2 _ (extreme) heavy.,语篇填空(二),1. 引导定语从句并在定语从句中作主语, 先行词是物, 用which。 2. 修饰形容词heavy, 用副词形式。,which,extremely,It suddenly 3 _(occur)to one of the workers to open up the box. He was 4 _(astonish)at what he found. A man was lying in the box on top of a pile of 5 _(wool) goods.,3. 此句缺谓语, 由上下文可知是叙述过去的事, 用一般过去时。 4. 作表语要用形容词; 表示“感到惊讶”, 用-ed形容词。 5. 作定语用形容词形式, woolen表示“羊毛制的”。,occurred,astonished,woolen,He was 6 _surprised at being discovered that he did not even try to run away. After he was arrested, the man admitted 7 _ (hide)in the box before the plane left London.,6. 修饰形容词要用副词, 由后文的that可知, 填so，构成so.that.句型。 7. 因admit后要求用doing作宾语。,so,hiding,He had had a long and 8 _ (comfort) trip, for he had been confined(关在)to the 9 _(wood)box for over eighteen hours. The man was ordered to pay 3, 500 for the cost of the trip, which was 10 _ expensive than the normal price, which only cost 2, 000.,8. 在名词trip前作定语, 要用形容词；由长时间躺在箱子里可知, 旅途是“不舒适的”，故填uncomfortable。 9. 形容词作定语，wooden表示“木制的”。 10. 由than可知前面的形容词要用比较级，故填more。,uncomfortable,wooden,more,语篇填空(二) 2012年广东高考,Mary will never forget the first time she saw him. He suddenly appeared in class one day, 16_ (wear) sun glasses. He walked in as if he17_ (buy) the school. And the word quickly got around that he was from New York City. For some reason he sat beside Mary. Mary felt 18_ (please), because there were many empty seats in the room. But she quickly realized that it wasnt her, it was probably the fact that she sat in 19_ last row.,wearing,had bought,pleased,the,20_ he thought he cloud escape attention by sitting at the back, he was wrong. It might have made it a little 21_ (hard) for everybody because it meant they had to turn around, but that didnt stop the kids in the class. Of course whenever they turned to look at him, they had to look at Mary, 22_ made her feel like a star.,If,harder,which,“Do you need those glasses for medical reasons?” the teacher asked. The new boy shook his head.” “Then Id appreciate it if you didnt wear them in class. I like to look at your eyes when Im speaking to you.” The new boy looked at the teacher 23_ a few seconds and all the other students wondered 24_ the boy would do. Then he took 25_ off, gave a big smile and said “That is cool”.,for,what,them,语篇填空(三) 2014年广东高考,Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who had been there before said_16_ was a wonderful holiday destination. Before we went, we had planned for months. When the day came, we were ready. After our plane landed, we went to the hotel. We had made our reservation six months_17_(early), but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake. We _18_（tell）that our rooms hadnt been,it,earlier,were told,reserved for that week, _19_ for the week after. I didnt understand _20_ this would happen and my credit card had already been charged _21_the reservation. Whats worse, the hotel had been fully booked. When we were wondering what to do, the manager came out. She was _22_（surprise）helpful. She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare,but,why /how,for,surprisingly,VIP room on _23_top floor. We had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we werent charged extra. The next day, my brother and I went to the beach _24_we watched some people play volleyball. We got a little_25_（sunburn），but the day had been so relaxing that we didnt mind.,the,where,sunburnt,Thank You !,