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第二部分交际用语,USE OF ENGLISH,大学英语（B）专题讲座,交际用语考试题型及比分 学习、练习中应注意的几 个方面 三. 根据交际功能分类练习 四. 根据语法句型分类练习,交际用语考试题型及比分。 交际用语这部分试题由5个选择题形式 的小题组成，主要是针对英语日常会话设计 而成，这些试题体现了英语交际功能的多样 性和应用性，目的是为了检测在不同的情景 中运用英语进行交际的能力。,二. 学习、练习中应注意的几个方面 1.熟悉日常交际的句型。 在日常交际中，人们为了获取所需的信息 或达到交际的目的，在特定的情景中使用了 不同的交际功能的句型，熟悉掌握这些句型 有助于了解说话人的意图及题目的考点在， 为选出正确的答案奠定良好的基础。,2. 找出规律来帮助判断。 就是根据问话选答语或根据上文选下文时 在熟悉交际功能句型的基础上，找出答语或 下文具有共性的一些规律，如“礼貌原则”、 时态、句型一致、肯定或否定的一致性等规 律来帮助自己作出正确的判断与选择,A. 礼貌原则 无论在任何场合、表达什么看法/情感， 发话/发问和应答都要有礼貌，即使表达不 同看法或批评意见，也要委婉间接表达， 使对方听起来不刺耳，例如： Do you think I can use your car for one day? . A. Im afraid not.B. No, you cant. C. I wont let you do that. D. Absolutely not. 解析：此题第一说话人向对方提出请求“想借车 一用”，对方如果不能答应，应该委婉地表示拒 绝。因此选A。 礼貌原则还表现在委婉地拒绝一个请求的方式上： 先表同意，然后用“but”来个转折，表达出不同意 例如：I would like to,but（我很愿意，但是由于） Thats a good idea，but,B. 利他原则 在日常交际中，英语国家人民形成了一种习俗， 即要尽可能为对方提供帮助和方便，对别人遇 到的好事/成功要表示高兴，坏事要表示难过/惋惜， 因此在交际用语中也要体现出来这种倾向，例如： I am going to the City Hall, can you tell me how to get there, madam? . A. No, you dont know B. I dont know. C. Yes, you will. D. Sorry, I am new here too. But you can ask the policeman over there. 解析：此题第一说话人在向对方询问道路，按照 利他原则，应尽可能为对方提供帮助和方便。 所以选D，首先表示歉意，同时给出一些有帮助的建议。,C. 文化遵从原则 在选择交际用语时，大家要有跨文化视角， 也就是说，要克服本民族的习惯思维和应答模式， 要使用得体的、符合对方习惯的方式来应答。例： Mary, your dress is really beautiful. How is John? . Thank you very much B. No, no, John is not bad C. Thank you. He is fine D. Dont say that. Its ugly. John is good 解析：按照英美国家的文化，当受到他人的赞扬 时，应该真诚地表示感谢，这也是对说话人的 尊重。如果一味谦虚说“不、没有、还差得远”等， 反而就不礼貌了， 这与中国人的习惯和思维不太 一样，所以选C。,三. 根据交际功能分类练习 为了帮助同学们更好的学习掌握交际 用语这部分知识，下面我们把常见的一些 交际用语进行分类归纳总结，希望通过这 些练习，使大家能熟悉了解，并逐渐培养 自己的分析判断和运用交际语言的能力。,一）. 提出请求，征求意见。 May I? Would you? Can/could I ? Do you think? Yes/Sure/Certainly Of course Here you are. Thats OK/All right Im afraid Im sorry Youd better not,1.Hello , may I talk to the headmaster now? A _ A.Sorry, he is busy at the moment B. No, you cant C. Sorry, you cant D. I dont know,Do you think I could borrow your dictionary? C _ A. Yes, you may borrow. B. Yes, go on. C. Yes , help yourself. D. It doesnt matter.,3. Would you mind changing seats with me? C _ A.Yes , you can B. Of course I like to C. No, I dont mind D. Certainly, please do,May I see your tickets and passports, please? C _ A. No , you cant B. Yes, you can C. Here you are D. No, they are mine,5. Can you turn down the radio , please? B _ A. Oh, I know B. Im sorry, I didnt realize it was that loud C. Ill keep it down next time D. Please forgive me,6. Excuse me, may I sit here ? C _ A. Please sit down B. Youre welcome C. Yes, certainly. This seats free D. Yes, it doesnt matter,二）. 提供、寻求帮助。 Can/Could I help you? Is there anything I can do for you? Do you want me to ? What can I do for you? Let me do/carry/help ? Thanks. That would be nice/fine Thats very kind of you. Thank you for you help,No,thanks/thank you Thank you all the same Thats very kind of you, but I wonder if you could help me Please give me a hand Certainly/Of course Yes, what can I do for you,Can I help you with your suitcase ? D _ A. I have no idea. B. No, no. I can carry it myself. C. Thats a good idea. D. Thank you. I can manage myself.,2. Can I help you to get it down? C _ A. No problem B. Yes. Lets get it C. Thanks. Its so nice of you D. Its no trouble at all,3. I wonder if you could help me? D _ A. I could B. Yes, I do C. No, not at all D. Certainly 4. Please give me a hand, wont you? A _ A. Of course I will B. Youre welcome C. You are so kind D. Dont mention it,5. Oh, the box is too heavy. B _? A. Whats in it? B. Can I help you to carry it? C. Whose is it? D. May I have a try?,三）. 提出建议、劝告。 Youd better(not) Shall we ? You should/ought to Lets What/How about ? Why not? Why dont you? Sure/Great Thats a good idea No,thanks,There is an hour to go. Could we seat somewhere to have a drink ? B _ A. Have a try. B. sure. C. Dont go please. D. No, I cant. 2. What about another coffee? A _ A.No, thanks. B. Youre so kind. C.Yes, of course. D. Sorry for the trouble.,3. What about going for a walk ? D _ A. Walking is good to you. B. Thats all right. C. So , do I. D. Why not? A good idea.,4. In my opinion, youd better take a couple of days off . D _ A. I will take your advice. B. Let me see. C. Never mind. D. Im afraid so.,5. Please tell David not to drink too much . B_ A. OK, lets go. B. I see. C. Its time for lunch. D. Please have a drink.,四）. 表示邀请与约会。 Will you come to ? Would you like to ? Id like to invite you to Yes, Id love to Yes, its very kind/nice of you Id love to ,but ,Are you/Will you be free? How about tomorrow? Shall we meet at? Yes,thats all right Yes, Ill be free then All right. See you then No, I wont be free then.,Would you like to have a dinner with us this evening ? C _ A. OK, but I have to go to a meeting now. B. No, I cant. C. Sorry, I will go to airport this evening. D. I dont know.,2. We are going to have a dancing party tonight. Would you like to join us? A_ A. Yes, its very kind of you. B. Of course not. I have no idea. C. No, I cant. D. Thats all set.,3. Can you come over for dinner with us ? A _ A. Id love to, but I have a meeting tonight. B. It doesnt matter. C. No, I dont like. D. Oh, that sounds well.,4. I have got two tickets for the match. Shall we go and watch it together ? C _ A. The tickets must be expensive. B. The match must be exciting. C. Why not ? Lets go. D. The place is too far away.,5. I have an appointment with Dr. Johnson C _ A. The appointment is put off. B. You look sick and weak. C. Please wait for a minute. He is busy now. D. Tell me your ID number.,五）. 表示感谢、祝贺、称赞 Thank you (very much) Thanks a lot Many thanks Thanks for Not at all Youre welcome Its/Thats all right Dont mention it Congratulations Well done How beautiful,These are certainly beautiful flowers. Thank you so much. B _ A. No, no. Its nothing. B. You are welcome. C. Yes, I agree. D. Yes, I think so too.,2. I was worried about chemistry , but Mr. Brown gave me an A ! B _ A. Dont worry about it. B. Congratulations! Thats a difficult course. C. Mr. Brown is very good. D. Good luck to you.,3. Congratulations! You won the first prize in todays speech contest . C _ A. Yes, I beat the others. B. No, no. I didnt do it well. C. Thank you. D. Its a pleasure.,4. Well done. Congratulations on your success. A _ A. Thank you very much. B. Oh , no, no. C. No, I didnt do very well. D. Sorry, I couldnt be any better.,5. You have lovely children. D _ A. No, no ,they are not. B. Oh, no, no. C. You are talking too much. D. Thanks.,六）. 表示道歉、同情 Im sorry for/about Excuse me for Im afraid of Thats all right It doesnt matter Thats nothing Thats OK. Im sorry to hear What a pity/shame!,Oh, sorry to bother you . A _ A. Thats okay. B. No, you cant. C. Thats good. D. Oh, I dont know.,2. Excuse me. I dont want to interrupt you but C_ A. Can I help you? B. Certainly, how dare you? C. Its quite all right. D. Yes, you did.,3. Oh, Im sorry . But I promise Ill be careful next time . B _ A. Its nothing at all. B. Oh, never mind. It doesnt matter. C. Thank you. D. There are no questions.,4. My grandmothers taken ill and Ive got to go down to the hospital. B _ A. We are going to the same place. B. Very sorry to hear it. I hope its nothing serious. C. Really? D. Let me go with you .,5. Ed said that his boy fell off tree. A _ A. Oh dear! I hope he wasnt hurt. B. Oh, no. A luck boy. C. He might have broken his arm. D. Nothing serious.,七）. 问候与告别 How are you? Hows everything? Fine, thank you, and you? Very well, thank you Just so so Im afraid I must be leaving now I think its time for us to leave now Good night Good bye See you later/tomorrow,Hello, Sally. Hows everything? D _ A. Good for you. B. Oh, I agree. C. Thats right. D. Just so so.,2. How are things with you, Bill ? B _ A. Hello, sure. B. I am terribly busy these days. C. Mind you own business. D. See you later.,3. Good night and thanks again. B _ A. You cant say that. B. Oh ,no. Its what I can do. C. How can you see that. D. Good night.,4. Well, its getting late. I must be going. Thank you again for inviting me to the party. B _ A. Oh, its so late. B. Thank you for coming. C. Oh, so soon? D. I really had a happy time.,5. Mrs. Johnson, Ive come to say good-bye. A _ A. See you next time. B. Have a pleasant journey. I will miss you. C. Thats OK. D. Thank you for saying that.,八）. 购物 What can I do for you? May/ Can I help you? I want/Id like How much is it? Thats too expensive, Im afraid Thats fine. Ill take it.,What can I do for you, madam? A _ A. I want a kilo of apples. B. You can go your own way. C. Thanks. D. Excuse me. I am busy.,2. Good morning, Sir. May I help you? C_ A. No, I dont buy anything. B. No, I dont need your help. C. Yes, I need some sugar. D. Oh, no . That OK.,3. Id like to buy a shirt . C _ A. How much is it? B. Thats fine. C. What color do you want? D. Yes, I think so.,4. Can I help you, Sir? A_ A.Thanks, Im just having a look. B. I dont mind. C. No, Im leaving soon. D. Its all right.,九）. 就餐 What would you like (to have)? Would you like something (to eat/drink)? Id like Two eggs,please Would you like some more? Help yourself to some Thank you. Ive had enough. Im full, thank you . Just a little.,Would you like to order now? B _ A. Im full now. B. Yes. Id like fish and soup. C. But the price is high. D. Its very kind of you.,2. Excuse me. Is this table taken? C _ A. We havent booked the dishes. B. We havent ordered the dishes. C. Yes. Im saving these seats for friends. D. Yes. Im stuffed.,3. Please help yourself to the fish. A _ A. Thanks , but I dont like fish. B. Sorry, I cant help. C. Well, fish dont suit me. D. No , I cant.,4. Can I take your order now ? D _ A. Thank you for your offer. B. Sorry, its beyond my order. C. I no means. D. Just a moment. Two friends are coming.,5. Have you got a table for four, Waiter ? B _ A. We are going to restaurant. B. Yes, sure. This way, please. C. We have booked the seats. D. Here are the menu.,十）. 打电话与接电话 Hello! Is (Tom) in? Is that (speaking)? May/Could I speak to? Hold on, please. Hello, who is it? He/She isnt here right now Can I take a message for you? Hello, this is speaking,Hi, is Marry there, please? A _ A. Hold on. I will get her. B. No, she isnt here. C. Yes, she lives here. D. Yes, what do you want?,2. Could I speak to Harris, please. D _ A. Oh, how are you? B. Im John. C. Im listening. D. Speaking.,3. Hello , Id like to speak to Mark, please? B _ A. Yes, Im Mark. B. This is Mark speaking. C. Its me here. D. This is me.,4. Im sorry. Bobs not in the office . A_ A. Can you take a message for me? B. Are you sure for that? C. Would you like to leave a message? D. Can you phone me?,5. Hello, could I speak to Don please? D_ A. Who are you ? B. Whats the problem? C. Are you Jane ? D. Who is speaking?,十一）. 问路与指路 Excuse me. Where is the ? Excuse me. Can you tell me the way to? Go down this street/turn right/turn left Its about meters from here. Go straight ahead till you see,1. Excuse me, sir. Where is Dr. Browns office? D _ A. You cant ask me. B. Pardon ? I have no idea. C. Please dont say so. D. Sorry I dont know, but you can ask the man over there.,2. Excuse me, but can you tell me the way to the airport? B _ A. Dont ask that. B. Sorry, I am a stranger here. C. No, I cant say that. D. No, you are driving too fast.,3. Excuse me, is this the right direction for the school ? A _ A. Well, no , youre going in the wrong direction. B. No, dont ask me. C. No, I dont know. D. Dont go this way.,4. Excuse me, how can I get to the nearest supermarket? D _ A. Its not far from there. B. The supermarket is very large. C. The goods there are very expensive. D. Go down this street and turn left.,5. Is the toilet on the ground floor or second floor? C _ A. No, there isnt. B. Yes, it is. C. On the ground floor. D. It is empty.,十二. 看病、询问病情 There is something wrong with Ive got I feel terrible I dont feel well. Are you feeling better? Take this medicine three times a day Drink plenty of water and have a good rest Its nothing serious Youll be all right/well soon,Is there anything serious, doctor? C_ A. Im going to have another check-up. B. The results of the blood test are wrong. C. No. Just stay in bed and drink more water. D. Yes. You can go home tomorrow.,2. Hey, Barbara. You look so pale. A _ A. Im just getting over the flu. B. It doesnt matter. C. You didnt sleep well last night. D. Im sorry to hear that.,3. Are you feeling better today, Mrs.Silver? D _ A. Dont worry about me. B. Just stay in bed and have a good rest. C. There must be something wrong. D. Yes, thanks doctor. But I still feel dizzy.,4. I have got a pain in my neck. C _ A. Yes, I agree. B. Yes, you are quite right. C. Im sorry to hear that. D. Im feeling sick.,5. Whats the matter with you? C _ A. It matters with you. B. Not too bad. C. I feel a bit sick. D. Thats right.,十三）. 表达喜欢、同意、肯定与否 I like/ love very much I dont like/love I hate No problem. All right. I agree with you No, I dont think so Im afraid I cant agree with you. Im sure. Im not sure. Perhaps/May be,1.What kind of TV program do you like best? C_ A. I like them very much. B. I only watch them at weekend. C. Its hard to say, actually. D. Im too busy to say.,2. I really enjoy pop music. Whats your favorite? D _ A. No, not at all. B. Neither do I. C. So did I. D. Well, actually I like classical music.,3. Its a great race! Do you agree? D _ A.Yes, it is really disappointing. B. No, I like it. C. No, its worth seeing it. D. Yes, its really exciting.,4. Are you sure about that? D _ A.You neednt worry about that. B. I like the idea. C. Oh, no. Im afraid of that. D. Oh yes, Im absolutely positive.,5. You may have seen this film. C _ A. It is said to cost much. B. It will be shown next week. C. Actually, I havent. D. You may too.,十四）. 谈论天气、旅行、娱乐 Whats the weather like today? How is the weather in? Its fine/cloudy/windy/rainy What/How about your? Very interesting,Nice weather, isnt it? C _ A. Im not sure. B. You know it well. C. Yes, it is. D. Yes, it isnt.,2. Whats the weather like in your hometown? D _ A. Its a nice place. B. I like the food there. C. He asks me if I like the weather. D. Its cold in winter and hot in summer.,3. What was your journey like? A _ A. It was terribly interesting. B. Yes, I like it very much. C. I like traveling. D. I dont like traveling at all.,4. How is the movie ? Interesting? C_ A. It was shown late until midnight. B. It was starred by a few famous people. C. Far from. I should have stay at home watching TV. D. I was seated far away in the corner.,5. What do you think about this story ? C _ A. Thank you for telling me the story. B. Yes, its a real story. C. I like it very much. D. So do I.,四.根据语法句型分类 一）.特殊疑问句 特殊疑问句的答语通常针对特殊疑问词作 出具体的回答 1. That man is alone over there.Who is he? B _ A. He is a student B. He is Doctor Took C. A driver, I suppose D. Hes drunk,2. Why dont you travel to New York on vacation? C _ A. I dont want to go. B. Excuse me, because I cant. C. I want to, but I havent got enough money. D. Because Im going to school today.,3. What subjects are you studying? C _ A. Yes, Im study history. B. Im studying now. C. Im studying philosophy. D. Im doing my homework.,4. Which language do you speak at home? D _ A. I speak English very well. B. I can speak English and French. C. English is my mother tongue. D. English, most of the time.,5. When does the next bus leave for Glasgow? C _ A. Ive never been there. B. The next one is faster. C. They leave every hour. D. The city is far away.,6. Excuse me, how far is the airport from here? B _ A. You can take a taxi. B. Its about thirty miles. C. Ill fly to Sidney. D. Its only six hundred dollars.,7. Can you tell me how much a radio like this costs? C_ A. Id like to buy it. B. Its of very good quality. C. About eighty-five dollars. D. It depends on how you like it .,8. Do you mind telling me where you are from? D _ A. Certainly, Im from London. B. Sure, I was born in London. C. Not really, you can do it. D. Certainly not. Im from London.,9. How often do you have listening classes in a week ? D _ A. Listening classes are difficult. B. Last week and the week before. C. They have no listening classes. D. Every Monday and Friday.,10. What does your English teacher look like? D_ A. She likes singing. B. She looks sad. C. She likes to stay with us. D. She looks much like her mother.,二）. 反意疑问句 反意疑问句是在句子后附加一简短的一般疑问句构成的问句，用以要求对方判断或证实所陈述之事，一般前、后两部分意思相反（前肯定，后否定；或者，前否定后肯定）前面句中有never等否定词时也是否定句，反意部分要用肯定式。 反意问句的答语应根据实际情况确定：内容是肯定的，就用yes；内容是否定的，则用no。当前面句子为否定时，尤要特别小心，不要搞错。,如： It didnt rain yesterday, did it ? -昨天没有下雨，对吗？ -Yes,it did -不，下雨了 -No, it didnt -对，没有下 1. You are not the manager here, are you? C _ A. Yes, Im not B. No, I am C. Yes, I am D. No,not at all,2. Sue looks good in that new dress, doesnt she? C_ A. Yes she is. B. No she isnt. C. Yes, she does. D. No, she didnt.,3. Joe will come to the party, wont he? C _ A. Oh, yes. I forget. B. Its at 8 oclock. C. Yes, hes bringing his cousin, Sandy. D. Yes, its a nice party.,三). 选择疑问句 选择疑问句是问话者提供两个或 两个以上答案供对方择一回答的问 句，答语应作出一个明确的选择 What would you like, tea or coffee? B _ A. Yes, I would B. Coffee, please C. Yes, please D. Its very nice,Did you travel to Xian by train or by plane? D _ A. It is possible travel by plane. B. I travel either by train or by planes. C. Yes, I traveled by train.
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