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第2讲介词和介词短语,专题2形容词、副词、介词和介词短语,2016高考导航适用于全国卷,专题2形容词、副词、介词和介词短语,1. (2015高考全国卷，语法填空，节选)When a new day breaks，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough to cool the house during the hot day；_ the same time，they warm up again for the night. 2(2015山东潍坊三模)The watches arrived in stores _late April.They are sold at different prices，beginning at $349.,考点一高频介词,at,in,3(2015济南模拟)The largest quantity of illegal drugs ever was found_a London flat yesterday. 4(2015郑州第二次质量预测)_his incredible talent，Messi has surprised the world.,in,With,1at (1)表示时间的一点，时刻等，如：at 12：00，at noon(在中 午)，at night(在夜里)，at midnight(在半夜)，at dawn/daybreak(在黎明，破晓)，at sunrise/sunset(在日出/日 落)，at dusk(在黄昏)。 (2)固定搭配：laugh at，at the same time，be surprised at， be good at等。,2in (1)表示在某个较长的时间内(如：世纪、朝代、年代、月份及泛指上午、下午和傍晚等)，如：in the 1980s/1980s，in the Qing Dynasty，in October，in the morning/afternoon/evening。 (2)表示地点：in Beijing，in the classroom。,3on (1)用于表示具体的日子或一个特定的时间(如：某日、某节 日、星期几等)，如：on October the first，on a rainy day，on National Day等。 (2)用于表示特定的上午、下午或晚上，如：on Christmas Eve(在圣诞前夕)，on the morning of January the third等。 (3)准时，按时：on time。,4by (1)不涉及交通工具的名词时用by，名词前不带冠词。如：by sea，by water，by land，by air等。 (2)涉及交通工具的名词时用by，但名词需用单数，其前面不加冠词和任何修饰语。如：by bike，by taxi，by plane，by ship/boat，by train，by spaceship等。,5with,Put this bag with the others. 把这个包和其他的包放在一起。,(2014高考江苏卷，书面表达，节选) With the number of English learners on the rise，its not difficult for them to understand these words in Chinese contexts.随着英语学习者的数量越来越多，对他们来说在汉语的上下文里理解这些英语单词并不是很困难。,The dictionary is what I want，but I dont have enough money with me.这本字典正是我想要的，但是我没带够钱。,(2014高考北京卷，书面表达，节选)There was a problem with the parking place for bikes in our school. 在我们学校自行车存放处有一个长久以来就存在的问题。,What will you buy with the money？你会用这笔钱买什么？,单句语法填空 1(2015潍坊模拟)The advertisement said that a suitable house in a quiet area was up for sale_a reasonable price，and the house was within a stones throw of a railway station from which there were frequent trains to the big city. 2(2015河南顶级名校5月模拟)A farmer，Mr.Tan，said that the storm began early_the morning and lasted for over an hour.,at,in,3(2016济南高三针对性训练)They say that compared to children who grow up in homes_smokers， children with parents who smoke have smaller lungs and more illnesses. 4(2015龙口模拟)_its first day of trading，Shake Shack went from $21 a share to just under $46 a share.,without,On,1(2016南昌十所重点中学交流试卷)He searched_ the bag day and night.He also sent his workers in search but none could find it. 2(2015青岛自主诊断)Look back and think how often youve judged roughly，said unkind things，pushed yourself ahead_the cost of a friend.,考点二介词短语,for,at,3(2015福州质量检测)At first，they went on a day trip， taking advantage_special trip tickets on the railways.,of,一、介词与某些词类的搭配 1形容词与介词的固定搭配,angry，mad，good，bad，clever，surprised，excited，disappointed等,afraid，frightened，ashamed，aware，convinced，short，full，fond，proud等,angry，connected，content，familiar,patient, pleased，popular，satisfied，strict等,weak，different，rich，interested，successful，absorbed，disappointed，experienced，confident等,good，polite，kind，cruel，rude，close，similar，familiar等,sorry，famous，fit，unfit，eager，anxious，hungry，responsible等,sorry，anxious，careless，certain，curious，enthusiastic，particular，optimistic等,2.名词与介词的固定搭配,key，answer，visit，apology，introduction，attitude，monument，devotion等,interest，expert等,congratulations，effect等,3.动词与介词的固定搭配,speak，talk，think，worry等,answer，call，apply，beg，care，charge，hunt，hope，wish，long，search，seek等,aim，call，glare，glance，knock，laugh，point，stare等,date，die，differ，hear，keep，stop，prevent，learn，protect，result，separate，suffer等,approve，complain，consist，die，dream，think等,call，carry，depend，feed，insist，pass，try，rely等,break，call，cut，drop，fill，get，hand，join，persist，result，succeed等,burst，change，divide等,agree，attend，belong，compare，devote，get，lead，object，point，refer，reply，see等,二、高频介词短语荟萃 1表示“状态”的介词短语 at a loss不知所措at dinner在吃晚餐 at peace处于和平状态 at war在战争中 at work在工作 in high spirits情绪高昂 in need处于困难中 in order整齐 in rags穿着破烂 in surprise吃惊 in trouble在困难中 on business因公出差 on duty在值班 on holiday/vacation 在度假,on sale在出售 on show在展出 on strike在罢工 on the way在途中 out of balance失去平衡 out of control失去控制 out of danger脱离危险 out of date过期 out of order出故障 out of work失业 2.表示“方式”的介词短语 by accident偶然地 by chance偶然地 by hand手工地 by mistake错误地 by nature天生地 by the month按月算 by turns轮流 by weight按重量 in cash用现金支付 in detail详细地,in size在大小上 with ease轻易地 with joy高兴地 with pleasure愉快地 3表示“超出；难以”含义的介词短语 beyond compare 无与伦比 beyond comprehension 难以理解 beyond control 失控 beyond description 难以描述 beyond expression 难以表达 beyond reach 够不到,4其他高频介词短语 against nature 违背自然 at dawn 在黎明 at the cost of 以的代价 at the mercy of 任凭的摆布 at the sight of 一看到就 at the age of 在岁时 in (the) face of 面对，面临 in addition to 另外 in case of 万一,in charge of 负责，主管 in exchange of 作为交换 in favor of 赞成，支持 in honor of 为了纪念 in need of 需要 in a hurry 匆忙 in the hope of 带着的希望 in no way 决不 in preparation for 为作准备 in response to 作为回应 in return for 作为回报,in spite of 尽管，虽然 in the charge of 在的管理之下 in the possession of 被拥有 on account of 因为 on behalf of 代表 on condition that 在的条件下,单句语法填空 1(2015南昌十所重点中学模拟)We can also turn to our English teacher for help，if necessary.In short，I believe that it is_great use to keep a diary in English for the development of our writing skills. 2(2015山东枣庄模拟)He then turned off the light and buried his head in the pillow.But even so he could not shut_the noise.Finally，his patience was gone.,of,off,3(2015太原三立中学阶段检测)White fat stores extra energy，which results_weight gain. 4(2015河南省三门峡市考前适应性练习)Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered.She found some good quality pipes_sale.,in,on,技法1熟记介词用法 介词与动词、名词、形容词、副词、其他介词等的习惯搭配比较固定，是高考考查的热点和难点。考生要准确掌握同一介词与不同词搭配以及不同介词与同一词搭配的准确含义，解题时要注意把握语境，从而轻松确定答案。在短文改错题 中，会考查一些介词错用或漏用的题目。,(2015高考全国卷，语法填空，节选)For those who fly to Guilin，its only an hour away_car and offers all the scenery of the betterknown city. 【解析】句意：对于那些乘坐飞机去桂林的人来说，(去阳朔)只需要一个小时的车程，而且路上可以一览这座更为著名的城市(桂林)的所有景色。by car为固定 搭 配，意为“乘汽 车”，故填by。,by,技法2巧记固定搭配 高考卷对于介词基本用法的考查主要在语篇型语法填空和短文改错中，以在具体语境中考查高频介词的形式出现。,(2014高考全国卷，语法填空，节选)One morning, I was waiting_the bus stop，worried about being late for school. 【解析】句意：一天早上,我在公共汽车站等候，担心上学迟到。表示出现的场所、位置、空间或地点用at。故填at。,at,
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