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第5讲 交际用语,专题一 语法知识,真题诊断,考点突破,专项训练,内容索引,真题诊断,1.You know what？Ive got a New Year concert ticket. Oh，_ Youre kidding.(2018江苏，28) A.so what? B.go ahead. Ce on. D.what for?,解析,答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,解析 句意为：你猜怎么着？我有一张新年音乐会的票。噢，得了吧。你在开玩笑吧。so what意为“那又怎么样呢”，表示对对方说的话不以为然；go ahead意为“去吧，干吧”，用于鼓励别人；e on可译为“加油”，用于激励别人，也可译为“得了吧，怎么会呢”，表示不相信；what for用于询问目的，意为“为了什么”。由语境可知C项正确。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,2.What happened？Your boss seems to _. Didnt you know his secretary leaked the secret report to the press？ (2018江苏，35) A.be over the moon B.laugh his head off C.be all ears D.fly off the handle,解析 句意为：发生了什么事？你的老板似乎_。难道你不知道他的秘书把这个秘密报告泄露给了新闻记者了吗？D项fly off the handle意为“大发雷霆”，符合语境。be over the moon欣喜若狂；laugh his head off大笑不止，狂笑不已；be all ears全神贯注地听，洗耳恭听。,解析,答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,3.Wasnt Joan supposed to be here by now? _.She will be here in about twenty minutes.(2018天津，1) A.All right B.Dont worry C.No wonder D.Enjoy yourself,解析,解析 句意为：难道现在琼不应该在这里吗？别担心。她大约20分钟后到。Dont worry意为“别担心”，符合语境，故选B。All right好的；No wonder难怪；Enjoy yourself玩得开心。,答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,4.Im moving in a few days and I wonder if you could help. _.Just let me know when，and Ill be there.(2018天津，5) A.You bet B.It depends C.Forget it D.No kidding,解析,解析 句意为：几天以后我就要搬走了，我想知道你能否帮一下忙。肯定的。搬的时候告诉我一声，我就会去的。You bet意为“当然，肯定的”，符合语境，故选A。It depends视情况而定；Forget it没关系，不必在意，别提它了；No kidding不开玩笑，说真的。,答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,5.What does the stuff on your T-shirt mean? Its nothing.Just something _.(2017江苏，33) A.as clear as day B.off the top of my head C.under my nose D.beyond my wildest dreams,解析 句意为：你T恤衫上印的是什么？也没什么含义。要我马上说的话，也就是个物体而已。根据前面的回答“Its nothing.”(没什么意思)可知选B项off the top of my head “不假思索地(回答问题或提供信息)”。as clear as day一清二楚；under my nose在我眼皮底下，当着我的面；beyond my wildest dreams做梦也想不到。,解析,答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,6.Alberts birthday is on next Saturday，and Im planning a surprise party for him. _.Ill bring some wine.(2017天津，1) A.Sounds like fun B.It depends C.Just a minute D.You are wele,解析,解析 句意为：艾伯特下周六过生日，我正筹划一个聚会，要给他一个惊喜。听起来很有趣(Sounds like fun)。我会带一些葡萄酒来。It depends那得看情况；Just a minute请稍等；You are wele不客气。,答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,7.Michael was late for Mr Smiths chemistry class this morning. _？As far as I know，he never came late to class. (2017天津，7) A.So what B.Why not C.Who cares D.How e,解析,解析 句意为：今天早上迈克尔在史密斯先生的化学课上迟到了。怎么会呢(How e)？据我所知，他上课从未迟到过。So what？那又怎样？Why not？为什么不呢？Who cares？管它呢，谁管呢？,答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,8.Im thinking of going back to school to get another degree. Sounds great！_.(2016天津，6) A.It all depends B.Go for it C.Never mind D.No wonder,解析,解析 句意为：我正考虑回学校再攻读个学位。听起来太棒了！好好争取吧。Go for it意为“好好争取”，符合语境。It all depends那得看情况；Never mind不要紧；No wonder不足为奇。,答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,9.Are you sure youre ready for the test? _.Im well prepared for it.(2016浙江，1) A.Im afraid not B.No problem C.Hard to say D.Not really,解析,解析 句意为：你确定为考试做好准备了吗？没问题，我准备好了。Im afraid not恐怕不；No problem没问题；Hard to say很难说；Not really不完全是，不见得。根据答语中的“Im well prepared for it.”可知，选B。,答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,10.The movie starts at 830，and we can have a quick bite before we go. _.See you at 810.(2016浙江，20) A.So long B.Sounds great C.Good luck D.Have a good time,解析,解析 句意为：电影将在八点半开始，我们走之前可以随便吃点什么。听起来不错。八点十分见。Sounds great听起来不错，用来表示同意对方的建议，符合语境。So long再见；Good luck祝你好运；Have a good time玩得愉快。,答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,11.Jim，can you work this Sunday? _？ Ive been working for two weeks on end.(2015江苏，23) A.Why me B.Why not C.What if D.So what,解析,解析 句意为：吉姆，这个星期天你能工作吗？ 为什么是我？我已经连续工作两个星期了。Why me为什么是我；Why not为什么不；What if如果又能怎样；So what那又怎样。Why me是“Why do you ask me to work this Sunday”的省略。,答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,诊断报告,解题方法,一、“三忌”少失误 1. “一忌”上词下用： 上词下用指的是答句部分延用了题干句子的重点词、信息词，按表层意思似乎合情合理，但往往为错误的“虚像”，需经进一步分析后才能确定正确选项。典型的例子如用“I dont.”应答“Dont forget to e to my birthday party tomorrow.”，用“Dont be sorry.”回答“Im sorry I broke your mirror.”，以及用“No thanks.”回答“Thank you so much for the book you sent me.” 等等。如何避免“上词下用”的误区，一是确认题目涉及的交际功能项目；二是确认句子上下文语境；三是确认正确的话语方式。,2.“二忌”汉式思维： 与上词下用比较，这一误区更具迷惑性，因为无论按题目内容或是按思维方式来考虑，都非常符合汉语的习惯。显然，掌握英汉两种语言和文化之间的相同和相异之处，对于准确解题至关重要。解题失误之一就是按汉语的表达方式和结构去套英语，去选答案，这属于语言知识的“负迁移”。,3.“三忌”直接回绝： 这主要是指在对方要求得到帮助，提出请求或邀请时，回答过于直接，不够委婉、客气或礼貌，尽管从语义角度分析是没毛病的，但不符合英语国家的交际习惯，所以语法上正确的、汉语上讲得通的不一定就是正确答案。因此，情景对话的正确回答必须遵循“委婉、客气、礼貌”的原则，特别是在作否定回答时，为了表示礼貌和委婉，通常要用一些委婉词：如 but，Im afraid，Im sorry，thanks，please，had better等等。,二、“三法”得高分 1.熟记常考情景 高考英语常考如下8种情景：询问信息、个人看法、电话、就餐、请求、问候、谈论天气、购物。熟练掌握上述情景的交际方式和常用表达，解决问题就能有的放矢。比如对于道谢及其答语有：Thank you very much./Thanks a lot./Its kind of you to help me./Thats (Its) all right./Youre wele./Dont mention it./Its a pleasure./Its my pleasure.等；对于道歉及其答语：Excuse me./Im sorry./Pardon me./Thats all right./Not at all./Dont worry about it./Never mind.等。,2.分析题目语言环境，确保用语和谐一致 交际用语的考查主要设置在真实的语境中，做题时要考虑全面，要注意语境的和谐一致。特别要注意上下句的关系，不能只看到题目的一部分就得出结论。特别是对话，要看答语和问句是否一致。 3.注意东西方文化差异，不要受汉语思维影响 东西方文化不同，教育不同，思维方式也不一样，表现在交际中也大相径庭。所以要从西方文化角度去思考问题，不要受汉语思维的影响。,考点突破,考点1 情景交际,1.Going to watch the Womens Volleyball Match on Wednesday? _！Will you go with me？(2017江苏，35) A.You there B.You bet C.You got me D.You know better,解析,解析 句意为：周三看女排比赛吗？_！你跟我一起去好吗？从对话的连贯性来看，这里应选B项You bet来回答前面的问句，表示“当然啦，一点儿不错”。You there说你呢；You got me你明白我的意思了；You know better你不会不知道吧。,答案,2.Only those who have a lot in mon can get along well. _.Opposites sometimes do attract. A.I hope not B.I think so C.I appreciate that D.I beg to differ,解析,解析 句意为：只有那些志趣相投的人才能够友好相处。恕我不敢苟同，有时兴趣相反的人却能相互吸引。根据答语第二句“Opposites sometimes do attract.”可知，答话者并不同意对方的说法。I beg to differ恕我不能赞同，符合语境。I hope not我希望不是这样；I think so我认为是这样；I appreciate that我很欣赏，都与语境不符。,答案,3.It was a wonderful trip.So，which city did you like better，Paris or Rome? _.There were good things and bad things about them. A.Its hard to say B.I didnt get it C.You must be kidding D.Couldnt be better,解析,解析 句意为：这是一次美好的旅行。那么，你更喜欢哪座城市，巴黎还是罗马？很难说。它们各有优缺点。Its hard to say意为“很难说”，符合语境。I didnt get it.我不明白；You must be kidding.你一定是在开玩笑；Couldnt be better.再好不过了。,答案,4.Can you e to a party on Saturday，Peter? Oh，_ Im already going out，Im afraid. A.what a pity! B.dont ask! C.how e? D.so what?,解析,解析 句意为：星期六你能来参加聚会吗，彼得？噢，真遗憾！(到时候)恐怕我已经出去了。what a pity真遗憾；dont ask别问了；how e怎么会；so what那又怎样。根据句意可知，这里指可能参加不了聚会，因此此处表示“遗憾”，故选A。,答案,考点归纳,(一)接受/拒绝请求或邀请 1.接受请求或邀请的应答用语有：With pleasure；Id be happy/glad to；Id love to；No problem；Good idea；That would be nice；By all means等。 2.拒绝请求和邀请的应答用语有：Sorry，but.；Id rather you.；Thank you，but.；Id love to，but.；Its very nice of you，but.等。,(二)同意和不同意,(三)表示劝告、建议或征求对方意见 1.表示劝告的句型： (1)Youd better(not).最好(不) (2)You should/ought to.你应该 (3)You need (to).你需要 (4)I suggest that.我建议 2.表示建议的常用句型： (1)Shall we.我们，好吗？ (2)Lets.咱们吧。 (3)What/How about.？怎么样？,(4)Why not.？为什么不呢？ (5)Why dont you.？你为什么不呢？ 3.接受劝告或建议的应答语： (1)Thats all right.好的。 (2)All right./Yes，please.是的。 (3)Certainly.当然。 4.不接受劝告或建议的应答语： (1)Im sorry，but.很抱歉，但是 (2)Im afraid that.我恐怕 (3)Id like/love to，but.我想去，但是,(四)表示遗憾、同情 1.Please accept my deep sympathy. 请接受我深切的慰问。 2.You must be disappointed.你一定很失望。 3.You must be feeling very sad.你一定感觉很难过。 4.It must be hard for you.你一定非常难受。 5.Oh，thats such hard luck！哦，运气真是不好！ 6.Bad luck! 倒霉！不走运！ 7.What a pity/shame! 多么可惜！ 8.Its regrettable that.令人遗憾的是 9.Its unfortunate that.不幸的是,考点2 俗语谚语,Jack still cant help being anxious about his job interview. Lack of self-confidence is his _，I am afraid. A.Achilles heel B.childs play C.green fingers D.last straw,解析,解析 句意为：杰克还是不由自主地担心他的工作面试。恐怕缺乏自信是他的致命弱点。Achilles heel唯一致命的弱点；childs play容易干的事；green fingers园艺能手；last straw救命稻草。所以选择A。,答案,考点归纳,谚语和俗语 1.More haste，less speed.欲速则不达。 2.A watched pot never boils.心急吃不了热豆腐。 3.Constant dripping wears away the stone.滴水穿石。 4.Time lost cannot be recalled.光阴一去不复返。 5.Lost time is never found again.时不再来。 6.Time and tide wait for no man.岁月不待人。,7.Its never too late to mend. 改过迁善从不嫌晚(亡羊补牢，未为迟也)。 8.An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening. 一日之计在于晨。 9.A roaring lion kills no game.空谈不如行动。 10.To stand still is to move back.逆水行舟，不进则退。 11.An idle youth，a needy age. 少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。 12.Every minute counts.分秒必争。,13.A good beginning makes a good ending. 善始才有善终。 14.Birds of a feather flock together. 物以类聚，人以群分。 15.Two heads are better than one. 三个臭皮匠顶个诸葛亮。 16.A rising tide lifts all boats.水涨众船高。 17.Many hands make light work.众人搭柴火焰高。 18.Great minds think alike.英雄所见略同。,19.An old pan is the one that makes good food. 姜还是老的辣。 20.Cheerful pany shortens the miles 旅有好旅伴，不觉行程远。 21.Lookers-on see most of the game. 旁观者清。 22.A bad workman always blames his tools. 拙匠总怪工具差。 23.The best fish are/swim near the bottom. 好鱼居水底(有价值的东西不能轻易得到)。,24.All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 只工作/学习不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。 25.You may take a horse to the water，but you cannot make him drink. 领马河边易，逼马饮水难(不要逼人做不愿做的事)。 26.All that dogs bark at are not thieves./All are not thieves that dogs bark at. 狗吠者未必是贼(勿以貌取人)。 27.It is a good horse that never stumbles，and a good wife that never grumbles. 良马会失蹄，贤妻有牢骚。,28.Those who live in glass houses should not throw stones. 家居玻璃房，切忌乱扔石(自己有弱点，勿揭他人短)。 29.Nothing brave，nothing have. 不入虎穴，焉得虎子。 30.Where there is life，there is hope. 有生命就有希望(留得青山在，不怕没柴烧)。 31.A fall into the pit，a gain in your wit. 吃一堑，长一智。,32.An eye for an eye，a tooth for a tooth. 以眼还眼，以牙还牙。 33.Once bitten，twice shy. 一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳(一次上当，下次小心)。 34.Out of sight，out of mind. 眼不见，心不烦。 35.As the tree，so the fruit. 种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆。 36.He that corrects not small faults will not control great ones. 小错不纠，大错难控。,37.Where theres smoke，theres fire. 无风不起浪。 38.If at first you dont succeed，try，try，try again. 再接再厉，终会成功。 39.Dont trouble trouble until trouble troubles you. 不要自找麻烦。 40.East or west，home is the best. 金窝银窝不如自家草窝。 41.A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush. 双鸟在林不如一鸟在手。,42.One false step will make a great difference. 失之毫厘，谬之千里。 43.You cannot have your cake and eat it too. 鱼与熊掌，不可得兼。 44.A little pot is soon hot.量小易怒。 45.Forgive and forget.既往不咎。 46.The world is your oyster.你可随心所欲了。 47.It really costs me an arm and a leg. 真太贵了。 48.It really gets on my nerves.心神不宁。,49.It beats my brains out.绞尽脑汁。 50.It pulls my legs.开玩笑，愚弄我。 51.be the apple of ones eye掌上明珠 52.have their feet of clay有弱点 53.be in the red有债务，赤字 54.be green with envy羡慕，嫉妒 55.kill the fatted calf设宴欢迎/款待 56.have egg on your face丢脸 57.wash your hands off撒手不管 58.get down off your high horse别摆架子，省省吧,59.a Jekyll and Hyde existence过双重人格的生活 60.give sb.a cold shoulder对某人很不屑(没有好脸色)，让某人吃闭门羹 61.a wet blanket扫兴的人或物 62.a green finger园艺能手 63.a black sheep害群之马 64.a fat cat有钱有势的人 65.a bad apple坏人 66.a hard/tough nut难对付的人 67.an early bird早起的鸟儿(比喻勤劳的人),68.a lucky dog幸运儿 69.a piece of cake小菜一碟，易事一件 70.childs play小儿科、轻而易举 71.as easy as pie小事一桩 72.a cup of tea小意思 73.a hard nut to crack很棘手的事情 74.a David and Goliath battle强弱悬殊，以弱战强 75.a Pandoras box潘多拉的盒子(比喻造成灾害的根源),专项训练,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,1.One of the best temporary cures for pride and affection is seasickness. Thats exactly the case! A man who wants to throw up never _.(2018泰州中学届高三上期中，35) A.has green fingers B.puts on airs C.feels blue D.kills the fatted calf,解析,答案,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,解析 句意为：晕船是对傲慢与矫饰的最佳临时治疗法之一。的确是，要呕吐的人从不装腔作势。have green fingers擅长园艺；put on airs装腔作势，摆架子；feel blue心情郁闷；kill the fatted calf热情款待，设宴欢迎。故选B。,2.Why are you upset，Maria? My father didnt even buy me a Christmas present！What a _！(2018南通、泰州一调，31) A.Judas B.Samaritan C.Jonah D.Scrooge,解析 Judas(伪装亲善的)叛徒/出卖朋友的人；Samaritan心地善良乐于助人的人；Jonah带来不幸(或厄运)的人；Scrooge守财奴/吝啬鬼/贪得无厌的人。句意为：我爸甚至不给我买圣诞节礼物，他真是个小气鬼！故选D。,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,解析,答案,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,3.Who told you about it? _.You only need to know it is true.(2018扬州高三上期末，35) A.Its your call B.Never you mind C.Its anyones guess D.You have my word,解析,解析 Its your call你的电话；Never you mind没你的事，不关你的事；Its anyones guess这是任何人的猜测；You have my word我向你保证。句意为：谁告诉了你这些？不关你的事。你只需要知道这是真的。选B。,答案,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,4.How would the idiom “_” go if it had been invented in the modern world? More likely we would say “order out for pizza”. (2018盐城中学段考，31) A.have feet of clay B.reap what you sow C.see the handwriting on the wall D.kill the fatted calf,解析,答案,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,解析 句意为：如果发生在现代社会，习语“kill the fatted calf”如何表达？我们更可能会说“order out for pizza”。have feet of clay品格上有缺陷(或弱点)；reap what you sow一分耕耘一分收获；see the handwriting on the wall觉察到不祥之兆；kill the fatted calf热情款待。根据语境可知，选D。,5.There will be no going back to the world before the smartphone revolution. _，but we can surely find ways to enjoy the benefits. (2018苏锡常镇二模，35) A.You must be joking B.Thats for sure C.Thats all right D.Its better than nothing,解析 句意为：我们再也回不到没有手机的那段时光了。是的，但是我们也可以找到一些途径来享受这些好处。根据句意可知，空格处填的应该是表示肯定、认同的回答，排除A、D两项，C项一般用于回答别人的感谢，是礼貌用语，故选B。,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,解析,答案,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,6.Personally，its his thrill for success in the beginning that resulted in his final failure. You bet.Just as we all know，_.(2018无锡高三上期中，24) A.No pains，no gains B.Readiness is all C.Pride goes before a fall D.Every little makes a mickle,解析,解析 No pains，no gains不劳无获，一分耕耘一分收获；Readiness is all有备无患；Pride goes before a fall骄者必败；Every little makes a mickle积少成多。句意为：就个人而言，是他一开始对成功的兴奋导致了他最后的失败。的确如此。正如我们所知道的，骄者必败。根据上下文语境可知选C。,答案,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,7.My colleague is always trying to persuade me to buy goods I dislike at YunJi APP. Sounds terrible.I mean，_.(2018苏北四市一调，35) A.life is a horse，and either you ride it or it rides you B.the car will find its way round the hill when it gets there C.take care of the pence，and the pounds will take care of themselves D.you may take a horse to the water，but you cannot make him drink,解析,答案,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,解析 A项意为“人生就像一匹马，你不驾驭它它就会驾驭你”； B项意为“车到山前必有路”； C项意为“小事留意大事顺利”； D项意为“河边牵马易，逼其饮水难”。根据句意可知选D。,8.Do you think you will be able to finish your writing by five oclock today? _.Ill be busy with experiments all day. (2017南京九中学情调研，26) A.Not a chance B.Not a little C.Not to mention it D.Not a big deal,解析 句意为：你认为你在今天5点以前能够完成写作吗？不可能，我一整天都将忙于试验。not a chance不可能；not a little非常；not to mention it更不必说，不必提及；not a big deal没什么大不了的事。根据句意知选A。,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,解析,答案,9.How much do you know about the latest development of Brexit? _.Honestly，Im not interested at all. (2017南京学情调研，35) A.You got me there B.You made it C.You got me wrong D.You name it,解析 句意为：你了解多少有关英国脱欧的最新进展？你把我给难住了。说老实话，我根本不感兴趣。you got me there你问倒我了，你难住我了；you made it你成功了，你做到了；you got me wrong你误会我了；you name it凡是你能说出的或想到的任何地方、东西等。,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,解析,答案,10.Amazingly，Ive managed to start my own shop online! _ I told you it was easy. (2017南通、扬州、泰州、淮安三模，35) A.There you are! B.Believe it or not. C.How e? D.You got me there!,解析 句意为：太棒了，我设法开了我自己的网店！你得到了你想要的。我跟你说过这不难的。there you are这就是你要的东西；believe it or not信不信由你；how e怎么会；you got me there你把我给难住了。,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2,解析,答案,
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