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,必修3Unit1Unit5,Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars,1_(n.)系统;体系;制度2_(n.)学说;理论3_(n.)大气层;气氛4_(adj.)基本的;基础的5_(adv.)因此;于是6_(vi.&vt.)乘;增加7_(adj.)温和的;文雅的8_(vi.&vt.)碰撞;坠落9_(n.&vt.)拉(力);拖;牵引力,重点单词,systemtheoryatmospherefundamentalthusmultiplygentlecrashpull,10_(vi.&vt.)(使)浮动;(使)漂浮(n.)漂浮物11_(prep.)不同;不像_(vt.)喜欢(prep.)相像的_(adj.)可能的12_(adj.)猛烈的;激烈的;强暴的_(n.)暴力_(adv.)暴力地;猛烈地13_(adj.)有害的_(n.&v.)伤害_(adj.)无害的14_(vi.)存在;生存_(n.)存在;生存15_(vt.&vi.)(使)迷惑;(使)为难(n.)谜;难题_(adj.)迷惑不解的,float,unlike,like,likely,violent,violence,violently,harmful,harm,harmless,exist,existence,puzzle,puzzled,1_及时;终于2_下蛋3_生产;分娩4_轮到某人;接着5_阻止;制止6_感到高兴;感到振奋7_既然8_突发;爆发9_密切注视;当心;提防10_挡住(光线),重点短语,intimelayeggsgivebirthtoinonesturnprevent.fromcheerupnowthatbreakoutwatchoutblockout,1ButwhenItriedtostepforward,IfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellover.而当我试着向前迈步时,我发觉我被送出去很远,步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍,因而我摔倒了。解读“twiceas形容词原级as”是倍数表达法之一。仿写新技术被引进后,这个工厂2012年生产的机器是去年的两倍。Afterthenewtechniquewasintroduced,thefactoryproduced_theyearbefore.,经典句型,答案:twiceasmanymachinesin2012as,2Thisproducedachainreaction,whichmadeitpossibleforlifetodevelop.这就产生了一系列的反应,使得生命就有可能开始发展了。解读句中的it是形式宾语,真正的宾语是不定式短语todevelop。仿写这两个女孩长得很像,陌生人很难把她们区分开。Thetwogirlsaresoalikethatstrangers_onefromtheother.,答案:finditdifficulttotell,3“Oh,dear,”Icried,“walkingdoesneedabitofpracticenowthatgravityhaschanged.”“天哪,”我大声说,“重力改变了,看来走路也的确需要练一练了。”解读nowthat“由于;既然”,引导原因状语从句,有时that可以省略。仿写你既然得到了一个机会,不妨充分利用它。_,youmightaswellmakefulluseofit.,答案:Nowthatyouvegotachance,4Theearthbecamesoviolentthatitwasnotclearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.地球变得如此激烈动荡以至于不知道这个固体形状是否会继续存在下去。解读whether.ornot“是否”。仿写你是否参加她的生日晚会都没有太大关系。Itdoesntmattermuch_.,答案:whetheryouwilltakepartinherbirthdaypartyornot,1harmfuladj.有害的教材原句Whatmanyscientistsbelieveisthatthecontinuedpresenceofwaterallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesandacidsintotheoceansandseas.很多科学家相信,由于地球上长期有水存在,它使得地球得以把曾经存在于大气层中的有害气体和酸性物质溶解在海洋里。,板块一:核心单词,(1)beharmfulto对有害(2)harmn&vt.伤害;损害doharmtosb./dosb.harm对某人有害(3)harmlessadj.无害的,Expertspointoutthatfruitjuicescanbeharmfultochildrensteeth.专家指出果汁可能损害儿童的牙齿。Its_toreadinthesun.在阳光下看书对你的眼睛有害。Smoking_ourhealth.吸烟有害健康。,答案:harmfultoyoureyesdoesharmto,2layv放置;搁;下(蛋);产(卵)教材原句Theyproducedyounggenerallybylayingeggs.他们通常是通过产卵来产生下一代。,laysth.aside搁置;储蓄lay.off停止使用,解雇某人layout安排,布置,设计,Youshouldlayasideyourfeelingswhenjudgingpeoplesabilities.判断一个人的能力时,应该把自己的感情放在一边。Thatfactory_1,000workers.那家工厂解雇了1000多名工人。,答案:laidoff,3existvi.存在;生存教材原句Theylaideggstooandexistedontheearthformorethan140millionyears.它们也生蛋,在地球上存在了一亿四千多年。,(1)existin存在于中existon靠生活/生存Thereexists.某地有(2)existencen存在;生活comeintoexistence产生;成立;开始存在,ImluckybecauseIknowmyfirsthomestillexists.我很幸运,因为我知道我的第一个家仍然存在。Theycantexist_themoneyhesearning.他们靠他挣的钱无法维持生活。_existmanyopportunitiesforregionaldevelopment.地区的发展存在许多机会。Asisknowntous,China_asanindependentcountryin1949.众所周知,在1949年中国以一个独立的国家存在了。,答案:onTherecameintoexistence,4puzzlevt.使迷惑;使为难;使窘困;感到迷惑n(游戏的)猜谜;难题;谜教材原句Howlifebeganonearthisoneofthebiggestpuzzlesthatscientistsfoundhardtosolve.地球生命如何起源是科学家们觉得很难解决的最大的难题之一。,(1)apuzzle一件让人感到困惑的事情beinapuzzle感到困惑;不知如何是好(2)puzzleabout/over冥思苦想,苦苦思索(3)puzzlingadj.令人迷惑的puzzledadj.迷惑不解的,困惑的bepuzzledabout对迷惑不解(4)puzzlementn迷惘;困惑,WhyMonaLisaissmilingisstillapuzzle.蒙娜丽莎为什么微笑仍是个谜。Im_astowhattodonext.对于下一步该做什么我不知道。Her_lookonherfacesuggestedshedidntunderstandthe_question.她脸上迷惑的表情表明她不明白那个令人疑惑的问题。Shefrownedin_.她迷惑地蹙着眉。,答案:inapuzzlepuzzled;puzzlingpuzzlement,5pulln&vi.拉(力);拖;牵引力教材原句Astherocketroseintotheair,wewerepushedbackintoourseatsbecauseweweretryingtoescapethepulloftheearthsgravity.随着火箭升空,我们被重重地向后推在座位上,因为我们在尽力地逃离地球的引力。,pulldown拆毁,摧毁pullin(车辆)进站,靠边停靠pullout驶出,拔出pullthrough康复,痊愈pullaway开动,离开pullback拉回,撤回,见证2014ItwasimpossibleforJoetoclimbbackorforSimontopullhimup.Joe自己爬不回来,Simon也不可能有力气把他拉上来。(2014新课标卷完形填空),Wewavedasthetrainpulledoutofthestation.火车驶出车站时我们挥手告别。Theyare_thosehousestomakeroomforanewhotel.为了给新旅馆腾地,他们正在拆除那些房屋。Thepolicecarsignalledtousto_.警车发出信号,要我们驶向路边停靠。Hisinjuriesareextremelyserious,buthesexpectedto_.他的伤很严重,但有望恢复。,答案:pullingdownpullinpullthrough,6intime及时;终于教材原句Theywereintimetoproducecarbon,nitrogen,watervapourandothergases.它们最终产生了碳、氮气、水蒸气和其他多种气体。,板块二:短语和句型,(1)innotime立刻;马上atnotime绝不atatime每次;一次atonetime曾经;一度atthesametime同时fromtimetotime有时;偶尔(2)takeonestime别着急;慢慢来killtime消磨时间,Ishouldbebackintimetowatchtheshow.我应该能及时赶回来观看那场表演。Luckily,Iquicklyadaptedandeverythingwasback_.所幸我很快就适应了,很快一切都走上了正轨。_halfthelandontheearthssurfacewascoveredbyforest.曾经,地球表面有一半的土地被森林所覆盖。Themanagerwantstoseechangesinthecompany,andIamsurehewill_.经理想看到公司的变化,我确信他迟早会看到的。,答案:innotimeAtonetimeintime,7inonesturn轮到某人;接着教材原句Thustheyhave,intheirturn,becomethemostimportantanimalsontheplanet.于是,他们接着成为了这个行星上最重要的动物。,inturn依次;轮流;反之;反过来byturns轮流;交替地taketurnstodosth.轮流做某事Itisonesturntodosth.轮到某人做某事Itturns/turnedoutthat.结果,Whenitisinmyturn,Iamtooexcitedtospeak.当轮到我时,我激动得都说不出话来了。Wetaketurns_(do)housework.我们轮流做家务。Theoryisbasedonpracticeand_servespractice.理论的基础是实践,反过来理论又为实践服务。,答案:todointurn,8prevent.from.阻止做教材原句Theyareputtingtoomuchcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere,whichpreventsheatfromescapingfromtheearthintospace.它们把过多的二氧化碳排放到大气层中,这使得地球上的热不能释放到太空中去。,表示“阻止某人做某事”的短语有:preventsb.(from)doingsth.stopsb.(from)doingsth.keepsb.fromdoingsth.prevent/keep/stopsb.fromdoingsth.的主动式中,只有keep后面的from不能省略,而在被动式中三个短语的from都不能省略。,Theheavyrainpreventedusfromgoingonwithourwork.大雨阻止了我们继续工作。Apossiblewar_frombreakingoutwiththeireffort.一场可能的战争最终由于他们的努力而避免了。ChinarecentlytighteneditswaterscontrolsneartheHuangyanIslandtopreventChinesefishingboatsfrom_(attack)intheSouthChinaSea.中国最近加紧了对黄岩岛附近水域的控制,以防止中国渔船在中国南海受到攻击。,答案:wasfinallypreventedbeingattacked,9blockout挡住(光线)教材原句agreatdustcloudformedintheskyblockingoutthesunlight.一大团尘埃云在空中形成,挡住了光线。,blocksb./sth.in把某人/某物堵住blocksth.off(用路障)封锁;堵住blocksth.up塞住;封住,Blackcloudscanneverblockoutthesun.乌云不能永远遮住太阳。Dontparkyourcarhere;youll_.别把车停在这儿。你会把我的车堵在里面的。Police_thecitycentrestreets.警方封锁了市中心的街道。Theywillhaveto_theentrancetothetunnel.他们将不得不封闭通往隧道的入口。,答案:blockmycarinblockedoffblockup,10cheerup(使)高兴;(使)振奋;感到高兴;感到振奋教材原句Icheeredupimmediatelyandfloatedweightlesslyaroundinourspaceshipcabinwatchingtheearthbecomesmallerandthemoonlarger.我立刻高兴起来,由于失重我在太空舱里飘来飘去,我望着(身后的)地球越来越小,而(前方的)月亮越来越大。,(1)cheerv欢呼;喝彩cheersb.on(比赛中)以喝彩声鼓励;为某人加油cheersb.up使某人振奋(2)cheerfuladj.快乐的;高兴的(3)Cheers!(用于祝酒)干杯!,Idohopeshecancheerupandacceptthechallengeoflifebravely!我真心希望她能振作起来,勇敢地接受生活的挑战!_,myfriends.干杯,朋友们。Theydothisinordertoencouragecrowdstocheertheirsportsteam_.他们这样做是为了鼓励人们为他们的球队加油。Ihateitwhenitrains._!Itwillbesunnytomorrow.我不喜欢下雨天。振作起来,明天就晴天了。,答案:CheersonCheerup,11nowthat.既然/因为教材原句.walkingdoesneedabitofpracticenowthatgravityhaschanged.重力改变了,看来走路也的确需要练一练了。,nowthat“既然;由于”,引导原因状语从句。在语义上相当于since,that在口语中可省略。常用的引导原因状语从句的连接词还有:because,since,as,inthat,seeingthat,consideringthat等。,Nowthattheweatherisfine,letsgoforaride.既然天气那么好,我们兜风去吧。Whynotchangeyourmind?_youhavefoundthatthereissomethingwrongwithyourplan?既然你发现了你的计划有问题,为什么不改变主意呢?,答案:Nowthat,比较辨析,填一填Whyarentyoucomingwithustotheconcert?_Ihavegotabadheadache._alltheseatswerefullhestoodup.Heshookhishead,_hethoughtdifferently._yourdaughterhasntcome,letmetakeyouhome.,答案:BecauseAsforSince/Nowthat,12breakout爆发;突发教材原句Wewatched,amazedasfirebrokeoutontheoutsideofthespaceshipastheearthsgravityincreased.我们惊奇地看着,随着地球引力的增加,宇宙飞船的外层燃烧起火。,breakawayfrom脱离breakdown毁掉,坏掉breakup拆散,分裂breakoff停止,中断breakinto破门而入,见证2014Thetwocountriesaregoingtomeettobreakdownsomebarrierstotradebetweenthem.两国计划会面来消除双方在贸易方面的障碍。(2014天津卷)Itwasalmostmidnightwhenafirebrokeoutintheneighborhood.快半夜时,附近发生了火灾。Hedecidedto_homeaftergraduation.毕业后,他决定离开家。He_speakingtoanswerthetelephone.他中断了谈话去接电话。,答案:breakawayfrombrokeoff,13Thisproducedachainreaction,whichmadeitpossibleforlifetodevelop.这就产生了一系列的反应,使得生命得以发展了。,Duringthisweek,makeitaruletojogeveryday.在这一周当中要养成天天进行慢跑的习惯。Theymade_cleartothepublicthattheydidanimportantandnecessaryjob.他们向公众表明:他们所做的工作重要且必不可少。Theheavyrainmadeitimpossibleforus_(go)out.大雨使得我们无法出去。Theteacherraisedhisvoicesothathecouldmakehimself_(hear)老师提高了嗓音以便于被别人听到。,答案:ittogoheard,14ButwhenItriedtostepforward,IfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellover.而当我试着向前迈步的时候,我发觉我被送出去很远,步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍,因而我摔倒了。,Theyhavethreetimesasmanycowsaswehave.他们的牛是我们的三倍。Theworldspopulationhasgrowntomorethansixtimes_itwasin1800.目前世界人口与1800年相比已经增长到当时的六倍多。Thistableistwicebiggerthanthatone.Thistableis3times_thatone.Thistableis3times_ofthatone.这张桌子是那张的3倍大。Itssaidthatthepowerplantisnowtwice_aswhatitwas.据说现在这个发电厂是过去的两倍大。,答案:whatasbigas;thesizeaslarge,.用适当的连词填空1_youhavedonemightdoharmtootherpeople.2_themanagerwillattendthemeetingtomorrowisnotknown.3_causedtheaccidentisstillacompletemystery.4_breaksthelawwillbepunished.5_healwayscamelatemadeourteacherangry.,单元语法专练:主语从句,答案:1.What2.Whether3.What4.Whoever5.That,.根据汉语提示,用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子1Itmadeushappy_.(make)她当选为班长,这使我们很高兴。2_thatyoumissedthefilm.(pity)你错过了那部电影真是太遗憾了。3_remainsamystery.(come)她是否会来,这还是个谜。,答案:1.thatshewasmademonitor2Itsreallyapity3Whethershewillcome(ornot),4_istochooseacompanytoinvestin.(do)(2015湖北荆州、襄阳部分学校联考)你该做的是选择一个公司投资。5_aboutthecitywasitstraditionalcultureandmodernarchitecture.(impress)(2015湖北襄阳四校期中联考)这个城市给我们印象最深的是它的传统文化和现代建筑风格。,答案:4Whatyoushoulddo5Whatimpressedusmost/best,
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