初二英语句法复习五种基本句型PPT

主语：动作执行者主语：动作执行者表语：在系动词后都是表语表语：在系动词后都是表语补语：补充说明宾语的情况补语：补充说明宾语的情况谓语谓语:动作动作宾语宾语:动作的承受着动作的承受着定语：修饰宾语，有形容词的功能定语：修饰宾语，有形容词的功能状语：修饰谓语状语：修饰谓语英语五种基本句型列式如下：英语五种基本句型列式如下：句型一：句型一：+（主谓（主谓）句型二：句型二：+（主谓宾）（主谓宾）句型三：句型三：+（主系表）（主系表）句型四：句型四：+INO+DO (主谓间宾直宾主谓间宾直宾)句型五：句型五：+O (主谓宾宾补主谓宾宾补)The man cook.主语主语谓语谓语*这一结构中的谓语动词都能表达完整这一结构中的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。的意思。动词为动词为不及物动词不及物动词(Vi)，其后没有宾语，其后没有宾语,后面可以跟副词、介词短语做状语。后面可以跟副词、介词短语做状语。1.SV i（不及物动词）（不及物动词）1.Time 2.The moon 3.The man4.We all 5.I 6.Everbody7.They 8.He flies.rose.cook.eat,and drink.woke.Laughed loudly.talked for half an hour.walked yesterday 1.We go to school every day.2.I am living in Greenville.3.My love died.4.He talked with a foreigner yesterday.给下列句子辨别主要成分：给下列句子辨别主要成分：主语主语谓语谓语主语主语谓语谓语主语主语谓语谓语主语主语谓语谓语He taught the first class.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语2.SVO *这一结构中的这一结构中的谓语动词都具有实义，都谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。受者，才能使意思完整。动词为动词为及物动及物动词词(Vt)，其后要有宾语，其后要有宾语,后面有的跟名词、后面有的跟名词、动词不定式也有的跟动名词作宾语。动词不定式也有的跟动名词作宾语。（实义动词）（实义动词）1.He 2.He 3.They 4.I 5.He understands made ate want enjoys English.cakes.some apples.to have a cup of tea.singing.1)只能用只能用不定式作宾语不定式作宾语的常见的常见及物及物动词：动词：want，hope，wish，would like，decide，agree，ask，need,cant wait等；等；1.They want to sing.找宾语：找宾语：不定式作宾语不定式作宾语找宾语：找宾语：2.Do you enjoy singing?动名词作宾语动名词作宾语2)只能用只能用动名词作宾语动名词作宾语的常见动词：的常见动词：practice，enjoy，keep，finish，等；，等；找宾语：找宾语：3.She forgot to close the door.4.We stopped talking when he came in.3)有些动词后有些动词后既能用不定式又能用动名词既能用不定式又能用动名词 作宾语，作宾语，如：如：remember,forget,stop,go on,try,begin,start,like,love,hate等。等。The food smells delicious.主语主语系动词系动词表语表语*句子谓语动词不能表达一个完整的意思，句子谓语动词不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态表明主语身份或状态的表语的表语 构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这 类动词叫做连系动词。类动词叫做连系动词。3.SV系系P*be 本身没有什么意义本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语只起连系主语 和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其 部分词义。部分词义。be,feel,taste,sound,look(seem),smell,become,get,turn,keep等。等。（是系动词）（是系动词）1.This 2.The dinner3.He 4.Everything5.He 6.The book 7.The weather 8.His face 9.The cat is smells(闻闻)fell looks is is becometurned isan English-Chinese dictionary.good.happy.different.tall and strong.interesting.warmer.red.in that tree.1.Everyone looks different.2.That sounds good.3.I am a teacher now.4.Her face turns red.给下列句子辨别主要成分：给下列句子辨别主要成分：He gave me a pen.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语间宾间宾(人人)+直宾直宾(物物)4.SVINODO谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。的间接承受者。*这种结构也可将间宾放到直宾之后这种结构也可将间宾放到直宾之后，但但 间宾前需加介词间宾前需加介词to或或for,这需要与之前的这需要与之前的 动词动词相搭配。相搭配。即：即：He gave a pen to me.（及（及物）物）o（多指（多指人）人）（多指物）（多指物）1.She2.She 3.He 4.He 5.I 6.I 7.He 8.My auntpassed cooked brought bought showed gave showed sent himher husband you her him Memea new dress.a delicious meal.a dictionary.nothing.my pictures.a hand.that the bus was late.a box of chocolate.1.Li Hua showed me his pictures.=Li Hua showed his pictures to me.2.My friend sent her a letter.=My friend sent a letter to her.改同义句：改同义句：1).S+V+DO+to+INO在间宾前加在间宾前加to搭配搭配的的动词有动词有:give,show,send,bring,pass,lend,tell,teach等。等。He made me a birthday present=He made a birthday present for me改同义句：改同义句：1).S+V+DO+for+INO在间宾前加在间宾前加for搭配搭配的的动词有动词有:make,buy,get,cook,do,sing,等。等。注意：当两个宾语都是代词时，只能注意：当两个宾语都是代词时，只能 用用S+V+DO+for/to+INO结构结构.For example:Ill send it to youIll send you it.XThe boy wished his father to buy a bike for him.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语宾语补足语宾语补足语5.SVO OC 宾语补足语可有五种情况：宾语补足语可有五种情况：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整整.（及物）（及物）（宾语）（宾语）（宾补）（宾补）1.We 2.They3.They 4.They5.What 6.We 7.He 8.I keep painted call found makes saw asked saw the table the door supper the house him him me them clean.green.dinner.dirty.sad?out.to come back soon.getting on the bus.1)带带to的不定式作宾补的不定式作宾补 e.g.She asked me to call him again.很多动词后面都可以有这种宾补，很多动词后面都可以有这种宾补，这类动词有：这类动词有：ask，tell，want，wish，would like,help 等。等。即：即：ask tell want wish would like advise sb.to do sth.2)不带不带to的不定式作宾补的不定式作宾补 e.g.We often hear the girl sing the song.能带这种宾语的动词为感官动词、动词能带这种宾语的动词为感官动词、动词短语短语和使役动词和使役动词,如如feel,hear,listen to,have,make,let,watch,see,look at,notice,helpfeel,hear,listen to,have,make,let,watch,see,look at,notice,sb.do sth.注：注：help后的不定式后的不定式可以带可以带to也可不带也可不带to.3)现在分词现在分词(v.-ing)作宾补作宾补e.g.He heard somebody knocking on the window.能带分词作宾补的常见动词为感官动词：能带分词作宾补的常见动词为感官动词：see，notice，watch，hear，listen to,find，4)名词作宾补名词作宾补e.g.We must keep it a secret.常见的能跟这种宾语的动词有：常见的能跟这种宾语的动词有：name，call，make等等.5)形容词作宾补。形容词作宾补。e.g.You should keep the room clean.常见的能跟这种宾语的动词有：常见的能跟这种宾语的动词有：make，keep，find，want，wish，like，see，leave等。等。The interesting story made me happy.She left me alone。We saw him out.There be+主语主语+状语状语基本句型六therebe主语状语1.There isa very nice cupon the table.2.Thereare many story booksin his schoolbag.1.We study hard.()2.She taught us English.()3.She is afraid of dogs.()4.She is writing a letter.()5.They went out.()6.I found him angry.()7.I want you to tell me the truth.()8.It is difficult for him to do that.()金精火眼辩句型金精火眼辩句型二、说出句型类别二、说出句型类别 113245531.记住在你离开之前把窗子关上。记住在你离开之前把窗子关上。Remember _the window before you leave.1.我记得关了啊。我记得关了啊。But I remember_ it.3.哦，你忘了关灯了。哦，你忘了关灯了。I see.You forgot_ the lights.4.我忘了已经写完作业了。我忘了已经写完作业了。I forgot_ my homework already.金精火眼辩句型金精火眼辩句型to closeclosingto turn offfinishing一一.填空并说出句型类别填空并说出句型类别2.SVO 5.昨天爸爸给我一个礼物昨天爸爸给我一个礼物.My father gave _yesterday.6.Li Hua给我看他的照片给我看他的照片.Li Hua showed_.7.我的朋友给我一封信。我的朋友给我一封信。My friend sent_.8.他给我亲手做了一个礼物。他给我亲手做了一个礼物。His made_.9.她丈夫给她买了一条项链。她丈夫给她买了一条项链。Her husband bought_.金精火眼辩句型金精火眼辩句型a gift to me/me a gifthis pictures to me/me his picturesa letter to me/me a lettera present for me/me a presenta necklace for her/her a necklace.4.SVINODO划分以下句子成分划分以下句子成分1 She cooks well2 My sister cant swim.3 My pan pal is American.4 She is a reporter.5 Tony likes pandas very much.主主谓谓表表主主谓谓主主主主谓谓宾宾主主谓谓表表谓谓6.My pen friend buys bats of food.7.People give me their money.8.You cant give too much money to your child.9.They want me to speak Chinese.10.We want a music teacher to teach piano,violin and guitar.主主谓谓间宾间宾主主谓谓直宾直宾主主谓谓直宾直宾主主谓谓间宾间宾主主谓谓宾宾宾补宾补宾宾宾补宾补宾宾主主+谓谓1她工作很努力。她工作很努力。_very hard.2.我朋友下周日到达。我朋友下周日到达。_next Sunday.3.我表弟不会游泳。我表弟不会游泳。_.She worksMy friend will arriveMy cousin cant swim二主二主+谓谓+表表4她是日本人。她是日本人。_.5银行在公园对面。银行在公园对面。_.6他的工作有点危险。他的工作有点危险。_.She is JapaneseThe bank is across from the parkHis work is kind of dangerous三主三主+谓谓+宾宾7今年他交了一个新笔友。今年他交了一个新笔友。_this year.8树袋熊晚上吃树叶。树袋熊晚上吃树叶。_at night.9我喜欢和人们说话。我喜欢和人们说话。_.He made a new pen palKoalas eat leavesI like talking with people四主四主+谓谓+间宾间宾+直宾直宾 主主+谓谓+直宾直宾+介词介词+间宾间宾10人们把他们的钱给我。人们把他们的钱给我。_11他把相片给我看。他把相片给我看。_12我父母给我购买了一台新自行车。我父母给我购买了一台新自行车。_People give me their money.People give their money to me.He showed me his photo.He showed his photo to me.My parents bought me a new bike.My parents bought a new bike for me.五主五主+谓谓+宾宾+宾补宾补13我看见一个小孩在角落那里哭我看见一个小孩在角落那里哭._on the corner.14我喜欢他穿制服。我喜欢他穿制服。_ .15她常常帮助我学英语。她常常帮助我学英语。_I saw a child cryingI like him to wear uniforms.She often helps me learn English.