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高一英语学案Book3unit1 No：2教师寄语：A bold attempt is half success. 勇敢的尝试是成功的一半。11.gain vt. 获得；得到 n.c,u 收获；获利典例 该词有三种含义：1). 表示经过努力一点一点地获得自己渴望的东西He has gained rich experience in these years. 这些年他已获取了丰富的经验。2). 表示速度、重量等慢慢增加He gained weight after recovery from his illness. 康复后他的体重增加了。3).（钟，表）走快This clock gains five minutes a day. 这只钟每天快5分钟。重点用法gain experience / fame / independence 获得经验/名望/独立gain sth. from 从处获得某物gain other s respect / love / trust 获得别人的尊敬/爱戴/信任No pains, no gains. 不劳无获。12. independence n.独立，自立 _ n.信赖，依赖independent adj.独立的,自主的_ adj.依靠的,依赖的_ vi. 依靠,信赖, 决定于 on依靠,信赖,练习Nowadays lots of young people want financial _ (depend).13. gather n, vi, vt 聚集，集合，搜集【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。A group of people were _ at the accident spot.14. award n. 奖品，奖 vt授与,判定辨析：award / rewardaward n.“奖品”、“奖金”，指因为作出杰出成就而受奖win/get/receive anthe 1st 2nd award for sth.因而获奖一二等奖vt.“授与”、“颁发”、“判给” award sb. sth. = award sth. to sb. 授奖给某人reward n.“赏金”、“酬金”或一些非金钱的报酬as a reward，in reward for作为对的回报vt. 表示“报答”、“酬谢”之意reward sb. for sth. 因 奖赏某人；reward sb. with sth. 用某物酬劳某人【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。1). They _ John the first prize in the contest.2). Is that how you _ me for my help?3). The film won an _ _ its photography.15.admire vt. 赞美；钦佩；羡慕 admiration n.u 钦佩；羡慕典例1). I admire your courage and wisdom. 我钦佩你的勇气和智慧。2). I admired the way she had coped with life. 我钦佩她面对生活的方式。重点用法admire sb. for sth./ doing sth. 在某方面钦佩某人in admiration赞美地/钦佩地练习 中译英。1). 我们都钦佩他的勇气和胆识。_2). 所有认识他的人都羡慕他取得诺贝尔化学奖。_3). 我钦佩地看着那小女孩弹钢琴。_16.look forward to 盼望；期待典例1). Im looking forward to seeing you this summer vacation. 我期待暑假见到你2). I m really looking forward to our vacation. 我盼望着假期早日到来。短语归纳 短语中to是介词，后接名词、代词及动词-ing形式：lead to导致；通向 object to反对refer to查阅；提到stick to粘住；坚持 add to 增加add up to 总计compare.to 把比作see to 负责，处理 get close to接近；差点get down to着手做get/be used to 习惯于 pay attention to 注意put an end to 结束，停止devote.to 贡献给；致力于练习 用所给词的适当形式填空。1). The boy hurried to see the world-famous oil painting because he had been looking forward to _ (see) it for a long time.2). The day I had been looking forward to _ (come).3). I used to _ (get) up late, but now I m used to _ (get) up early.17. as though =as if “好像”, 引导表语从句和方式状语从句1). 引导方式状语从句The country is covered with cherry tree flowers so that it looks as though it might be covered with pink snow. 整个国度处处都是樱花盛开,看上去就像罩上了一层粉红的雪。She acted as though nothing had happened她装得好像什么事也没发生过似的。当从句主语和主句主语一致, 从句谓语中又含有动词be时, 可把主语和be一起省去。He looked about as though (he was) in search of something他四下张望, 好像寻找什么。2). 引导表语从句It looks as if it s going to rain看样子天要下雨了。3). as though和as if从句用虚拟语气, 还是用陈述语气, 完全根据具体情况而定。如果从句表示的意思与事实完全相反, 或者纯粹是一种假设, 通常用虚拟语气。The child talks as if she were an adult. 那孩子说话的样子好象她是个大人。练习 用所给词的适当形式填空。1). The pencil looks as if it _ (break) with half of it in the glass of water.2). Li Ming speaks English very well as though he _ (be) an Englishman.3). It seems as if our team _ (be) going to win.4). He talked about pyramids as though he _ (see) them himself.18.have fun with=have a good time=enjoy oneself 玩得开心make fun of 愚弄，取笑，开的玩笑练习 Hiking is _and exciting. A. funny B. fun19.fool n.愚人，白痴，受骗者make a fool of 愚弄, April Fools Day 愚人节, April Fools愚人vt.愚弄，欺骗vi.开玩笑，干傻事adj.傻的20. permission n.u 许可；允许 permit vt.准许；许可；允许permit n.许可（证）；执照典例You have my permission to leave. 我准你离开。重点用法with/without (one s) permission得到允许/未经允许ask sb. for permission 征求某人的许可give sb. permission to do sth.= permit sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事have one s permission得到某人的同意练习 完成句子或用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。1). They entered the area _ _ (未经允许).2). The prison authorities（当局，官方） permit _ (visit) only once a month.3). We have arranged to play tennis on Saturday, weather _ (permit).4). You will need to obtain planning _ (permit) if you want to extend your house.21.turn up 出现；到达；发现；调大(音量等)典例1). It s time for the meeting, but he hasn t turned up.到开会的时间了，但他还没到。2). Please turn up the radio. I want to listen to the news.请把收音机音量调大, 我想听听新闻。短语归纳 turn 短语：turn on打开(煤气、自来水、电灯等)turn off 关上turn down减弱，降低，拒绝 turn around/about 转过身来turn away 转过头 turn out生产，制造；(常与to, that连用)结果是turn over 翻转 turn to 向求助，转向，翻到练习 用turn词组填空。1). Don t worry. The file(文件) is sure to _ _.2). Please _ the television a bit, I can t hear clearly.3). It _ _ that it was Tim who broke the vase.4). The sad child _ _ his mother for comfort.22.keep one s word (= keep one s promise) 守信用；履行诺言典例He never keeps his word. 他从不履行诺言。短语归纳 word短语：break one s word/promise 违背诺言，失信Word came that 有消息传来说leave word 留言，口信 have a word with sb. 和某人说几句话have words with sb. 与某人争吵 take back ones words 收回自己说过的话in other words 换句话说，也就是说in a/one word 总之，简言之in words 用文字beyond words 无法用语言表达练习 用word词组填空。1). His score was only 53. _ _ _, he failed in the exam.2). Could I _ _ _ with you, Miss Jones?3). Dont believe Mary beacuse she is a girl who always _ _ _.4). _ _ _, I think he s a fool.23. hold one s breath 屏息；屏住气典例1). How long can you hold your breath for? 你能屏住呼吸多久?2). The audience held its/their breath as the acrobat walked along the tightrope.杂技演员走钢丝时, 观众都屏住了呼吸。短语归纳 breath短语：(be) out of breath 呼吸急促；喘不过气来, 上气不接下气take a deep breath深呼吸练习 用breath短语填空。1). He _ _ _ while the results were read out.2). I m a bit _ _ _ after my run.
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