初中英语语法专项习题1名词

初中英语语法专项习题一、名词（n.） 表示人、事物或抽象概念的名称的词（一）名词的分类名词分为普通名词专有名词： 表示个人、 地方、 机构、 组织等。 如： Tom,the Great Wall,the Spring Festival,France,the United States,China ， UFO其中普通名词包括可数名词和不可数名词，可数名词可用作单数，也可用作复数。可数名词包括个体名词（表示一类人或物的个体。如：boy,desk,cat,window ）集体名词（由若干个体组成的集合体。如： family,class,police ）不可数名词包括物质名词 ,表示无法分为个体的实物。如 :air,baggage,bread,butter,clothing,furniture,glass,grass,ice,money,paper,sugar,soap,rice,water,silk抽 象 名 词 （ 表 示 性 质 、 行 为 、 状 态 、 感 情 或 其 它 抽 象 概 念 。 如 ： advice ， behaviour,dust,fun,homework,luck,news,trouble,weather,work,happiness,music,difficulty,housework ）（二）名词的数1. 可数名词有单数和复数两种形式，其复数形式的构成主要有以下几种：（ 1 ）一般情况下, 在词尾加s.eg.book books,dog dogs,pen pens,boy boys以轻辅音结尾的名词后的s的读音为s,以浊辅音和元音结尾名词后的s读音为z。（2）以s,x,ch,sh结尾的词名词变复数时,要在词尾加es.eg.beachbeaches,brushbrushes,busbuses,box boxes （e靛音为iz（3）以 辅音字母+ y”结尾的名词，先变y为i,再加es.eg.citycities,family families,documentary documentaries,country countries,strawberrystrawberries （ies读音为iz）（注：以 元音字母（a e i o u）+y”结尾的词，直接在词尾加-s.eg.boys,holidays,days）（4）以o结尾的名词，变复数时情况如下： ,黑人英雄爱吃土豆西红柿. negro negroes，hero heroes ， potato potatoes， tomato tomatoes，结尾是两个元音字母的加s,eg.zoo zoos,radioradios某些外来词变复数时词尾加s,eg. piano pianos一些名词的缩写形式变复数时，词尾加 s,eg.photo （ photograph ） photos,kilo （ kilogram ） kiloszero变复数时，既可力口 s,也可力口 eg.zeros/zeroes（5）以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时，先把f或fe变为v,再加es.eg.wifewives,leaf leaves,halfhalves,knife knives,thiefthieves （res读音为vz（注意：roof的复数为 roofs; scarf的复数为 scarfs/scarves）（6）有些名词由单数变复数时，不是在词尾加s或es而是变换其中的字eg.man men,woman women,policeman policemen,Englishman Englishmen,Frenchman French men, foot feet, toothteeth, child children,mouse mice,Ox Oxen （公牛）（ 7 ）还有一些名词的单数和复数形式相同。eg.Chinese,Japanese,sheep,deer,fish（ 8 ）另一些名词本身即是复数形式，不可用作单数。eg,people,police,trousers,pants,clothes,scissors另外,当一个名词作定语说明另一个名词时，这个名词一般用单数。eg.an apple tree,five apple trees,a girl friend,two girl friends,a twin sister但是，当man和woman作定语修饰复数名词时，就要用其复数形式。eg.two men teachers,three women doctors可用量词+of+名词复数”这一结构表示可数名词的数量。eg.a room Of students,two boxes Of pencils2 .不可数名词一般没有复数形式，它的“量 ”的表示方式如下。（1）表不定数量时，一般用 much, （a） little,a lot of/lots of,some,any等词修饰。eg,much money,a little bread（2）表确定数量时，一般用 数词+量词+of+不可数名tBJo如：two/three/量词复数十of+不可数名词。eg.a bag Of rice,two glasses Of milk,four bottles Of water,a pear of shoes,a piece of paper3 .有些名词既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词，但词义有所不同。eg： fruit水果 fruits表示不同种类的水果；food食物 foods各种食品；巾sh鱼 fishes鱼的种类；drink 饮料、酒 a drink一杯/一份饮料、一杯酒；cloth布 ,a cloth桌布、抹布； sand沙 sand渺滩；tea茶 a tea杯茶； chicken 鸡肉 a chicken 小鸡；orange橘汁 an orange橘子； glas僦璃 a glass玻 璃杯,glasses!艮镜； papers a pape试卷、 论文； wood木头 a wood小森林；room空间、 余地 a room 房间（三）名词的所有格（表示人或物的所属关系）（ 1 ）有生命的名词所有格以及表示时间、距离、城镇、国家等的名词所有格。不是以s结尾的名词变成所有格时，在词尾加s.eg.Mike s wa；tchWomen s Day以s结尾的名词变成所有格时，只加eg.teachers office,students rooms两个或两个以上名词并列 ,表示共同所有，只需在最后一个名词后加 s.eg.Tom and Mike s rOOm和迈克的房间（表示汤姆和迈克共有一间房）两个或两个以上名词并列，表示分别所有，需在几个名词后都加 s.eg.Mary s and Jenny玲丽魁詹妮的自行车（表示玛丽和詹妮各自的自行车）（2）无生命的事物的名词所有格常用of结构eg.a map Of China,the beginning Of this game,the door Of the room（3）特殊形式可用和of短语表示的名词所有格eg.the boy s name=the name Of the bly的名字）the dog s legs=the legs of the dog的腿）China s population=the population Of China（中国的人口）China s capital=the capital of Chin a 中国的首都）双重所有格eg.a fiend of my mother 我妈妈的一个朋友a picture of Tom汤姆的一张图片（照片上是 Tom）a picture of Tom 汤姆的一张图片（照片上并非 Tom）练习题()1 She was very happy. Shein the mathstest.A. makes a few mistake B. made a few mistakesC. made few mistakes D. makes few mistake()2 We need some more. Can you go and get some, please?A. potato B. potatos C. potatoes D. potatoe ()3 are for cutting things.A. Knife/usedB. Knives/usedB. C. Knife/using D. Knives/using ()4 What big the tiger has!A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. toothes()5 Please remember to give the horse some tree.A. leafs B. leaves C. leaf D. leave ()6 -Can we have some?-Yes, please. A. banana B. oranges C.apple D. pear ()7 On the table there are five.A.tomatosB. piece of tomatoes C. tomatoes D. tomato 2()1 They got much from those new books.A. ideas B. photos C. information D. stories()2 He gave us on how to keep fit.A.some advices B.someadvice C.an adviceD.a advice ()3 When we saw his face, we knew was bad.A. some news B. a news C. the news P. news()4 What lovely weather it is!A. / B. the C. an D. a 3 ()1 -Would you like tea?-No, thanks. I have drunk two.A. any, bottles of orange B. some, bottles of orangeC. many, bottles of oranges D. few, bottle of oranges ()2 He is hungry. Give him to eat.A. two breads B. two piece of breadC. two pieces of bread D. two pieces of breads ()3 It really took him:to draw the nice horse.A. sometimes B. hour C. long time D. some time()4 I would like to have.A. two glasses of milk B. two glass of milk IC. two glasses of milks D. two glass of milks ()5 Can you give me?A. a tea B. some cup of tea C. a cup tea D. a cup of tea()6 Please give me paper. A. one B. a piece C. aD. a piece of()7 John bought for himself yesterday.A. two pairs of shoes B. two pair of shoe C. two pair of shoes D. two pairs shoes 4()1 -How many have you got on your farm?-Ive got five.A. sheeps B. sheep C. pig D. chicken()2 Some came to our school for a visit that day.A. Germans B. Germen C. Germany D. Germanies()3 In the picture there are many and two.A. sheep; foxes C. sheeps; foxesB. sheeps; fox D. sheep;foxs()4 A group of will visit the museum tomorrow.A. Hungarian B. Australian C. JapaneseD. American 5()1 This table is made of.A. many glass B. glasses C. some glasses D. glass ()2 -What would you like to have for lunch, sir?-Id like. !A. chicken B. a chicken C. chickens D. the chicken()3 Children should make for old people in abus.A. room B. a room C. rooms D. the room 6()1 Tables are made of.A. wood B. some woods C. wooden D. woods()2 I wonder why are so interested in action(武打片)films.A. people B. peoples C. the people D. the peoples ()3I have read of the young writer.A. works B. work C. this works D. the works 7()1 Lets meet at 7: 30 outside the gate of?A. the Peoples Park B. the Peoples ParkC. the People Park D. Peoples Park()2 Chinese people are hard working people.A. /; a B. We; the C. The; the D. The; a()3 How manywere there in the streetwhen the accident happened?A. policeman B. polices C. police D. peoples 8()1 If these trousers are too big, buy a smaller.A. set B. one C. piece D. pair( ) 2 Last week I bought a TV.A. pair . B. set C. piece D. block( ) 3 There is a of wood left on the ground.A. cup B. piece , C. box D. pair9( ) 1 There are sixty-seven_ in our school.A. womens teacher B. women teachersB. C. woman teachers D. women teacher( ) 2 There are five_in our factory.A. woman driver B, women driverC. woman drivers D. women drivers( ) 3 These were sent to the villages to help thefarmers.A. women doctor B. women doctorsC. woman doctors D. woman doctor10( ) 1 They write most of their_ in English.A. business letter B. business lettersC. businesses D. businesses letters( ) 2 We came to a _ at last .and went in.A. watch shop B. watches shopC. watching shop D. watchs shop( ) 3 This shop sells apples, bananas and things like these. Its a_.A. food shop B. book shopC. fruit shop D. vegetable shop( ) 4 She broke a_while she was washing up.A. glass of wine B. glass for wineC. glass wine D. wine glass( ) 5 Ive forgotten both of the.A. room numbers . B. rooms numberC. rooms numbers D. room number111. September 10th isin China.A. Teachers Day B. TeachersDay C. Teacher Day D. Teachers Day( ) 2 -Is the broom under desk? -No, itsunder.A. the teachers; my B. teachers; mineC. teachers; me D. the teachers; mine( ) 3 Excuse me, where is the_?A. mens room B. mens room C. mens rooms D. men rooms12( ) 1 The football under the bed is.A. Lily and Lucy B. Lilys and Lucys C. Lilys andLucy D. Lily and Lucys( ) 2 This is mydictionary.A. sister Mary B. sisters C. sister, Marys D. sistersMarys( ) 3 He went to _ shop to buy a shirt.A. a tailor B. the tailor C. a tailors D. the tailors( ) 4 Joan is.A. Marys and Jack sister B. Mary and Jacks sisterC. Mary and Jack sister D. Marys and Jacks sister 13( ) 1 In a few time, those mountains will becovered with trees.A. year B. years C. years D. years( ) 2 Its about _ walk from my house.A. ten minute B. ten minutes C. ten minutes D. ten minutes( ) 3 The post office is a bit far from here. Its about.A. thirty minutess walk B. thirty minutes walkC. thirty minutes walk D. thirty minutes walk( ) 4 Half_ telephone calls are made in English.A. the world B. world C. the worlds D. worlds14( ) 1 face to the south.A. Windows of the room B. The windows of the roomC. The rooms windows D. The windows in room( ) 2 Please take two_.A. picture of the park B. pictures of the parkC. the pictures of a park D. picture of a park( ) 3 The workers are repairing.A. the roof of the house B. a roof of the houseC. roof of the house D. this roof of house15( ) 1 Miss Smith is a friend of.A. Marys mothers B. Marys mother C. mothers ofMary D. Mary mothers( ) 2 This is a book of _.A. Tom B. Toms C. her D. him( ) 3 The post card is sent by .A. a friend of my father B. a friend of my fathersC. my father friend D. my father friends16( ) 1 Sydney is a city of_.A. America B. Germany C. Australia D. Japan( ) 2 My father likes buying us _.A. cars B. flowers C. peasants D. presents( ) 3 In England, the last name is the _.A. full name B. family name C. middle name D. given name( ) 4 Mr Gao is a teacher. He works in a new.A. shop B. school C. factory D. hospital17( ) 1 My father is a. He works in a hospital.A. teacher B. doctor C. farmer D. soldier( ) 2 -Which animal lives only in China?-The.A. tiger B. monkey C. panda D. elephant( ) 3 April come before_and after_.A. March; May B. May; MarchC. June; May D. March; February( ) 4 Which of the following is right?A. China has a large population. B. China has much population.C. China has many populations. D. China has a great deal of population.( ) 5 Please do like this. Fold the paperand cutalong the fold.A. into pieces B. in half C. on halves D. to half( ) 6 You played the violin wonderfully. Will you please play another?A. one B. game C. programme D. piece