2022年考博英语-通用考博英语考前模拟强化练习题9（附答案详解）

2022年考博英语-通用考博英语考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题The development of staff cohesion and a sense of team effort in the workplace can be effectively（ ）by the use of humor.问题1选项A.acquaintedB.installedC.regulatedD.facilitated【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。acquaint “使熟悉”；install “安装”；regulate “调节”；facilitate “促进”。句意：幽默可以有效促进职场员工的凝聚力发展和团队合作意识。选项D符合题意。2. 单选题Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.问题1选项A.She was uninterested in advertising.B.She found her outfit inappropriate.C.She was unhappy with fashion trends.D.She often checked herself in a mirror.问题2选项A.To save the trouble of choosing a unique outfit every day.B.To meet the expectations of fashion-conscious clients.C.To keep up with the current trends.D.To save the expenses on clothing.问题3选项A.It enhances peoples ability to work independently.B.It helps people succeed in whatever they are doing.C.It matters a lot in jobs involving interaction with others.D.It boosts ones confidence when looking for employment.问题4选项A.Design their own uniform to appear unique.B.Wear classic pieces to impress their clients.C.Fight the ever-changing trends in fashion.D.Do whatever is possible to look smart.【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:C第4题:D【解析】Passage TwoI work in advertising and I like to keep up with current trends, mainly because Im aware that we live in an image-obsessed world. 12 However, when I first started my job, occasionally Id catch a glimpse of myself in the lifts and find myself thinking that I looked a total mess. Was I being held back by my choice of clothing? The short answer is yes, especially when clients are quick to judge you on your style rather than your work. 13 But no one can be unique with their outfit every day. I mean thats why uniforms were invented. So heres what I did. I created my own uniform. To do this, I chose an appropriate outfit. Then I bought multiple items of the same style in different shades. Now I never worry about what Im wearing in the morning, even if I do get a bit tired of just wearing the same classic pieces. Overall, when it comes to work, you have to ask yourself: will looking smarter enhance my ability to do my job? For some, this question may not be an issue at all, especially if you work remotely and rarely see your colleagues or clients face to face. 14 But if your job involves interacting with other people, the answer to this is often yes. So rather than fighting the system, 15 I think we should just do whatever helps us to achieve our goals at work. If that means playing it safe with your image, then lets face it. Its probably worth it.12. What do we learn about the speaker when she first started her job?【试题答案】B【试题解析】题目问说话者刚开始工作的时候，我们可以了解到什么？录音开头提到，当说话者刚开始工作的时候，偶尔会在电梯里瞥一眼自己，发现自己看起来一团糟（I looked a total mess）。后面指出，之所以一团糟是因为服装的原因，因此B选项“她发现她的服装很不合适”正确。A选项“对广告不感兴趣”利用录音开头的“advertising”设置干扰，录音说的是说话人从事的是广告业，并未提及她对广告业不感兴趣，因此排除；C选项“她对时尚潮流不满意”，录音开头说的是，说话者喜欢跟随当下的潮流，因此C选项不正确；D选项“她经常照镜子检查自己”在录音中并未提及，因此也可排除。13. Why were uniforms invented, according to the speaker?【试题答案】A【试题解析】题目问说话者谈及的制服被发明的原因。录音中提到，没有人可以每天穿着独一无二的衣服，这就是制服被发明的原因。A选项“为了省去每天选不同衣服的烦恼”与原文意思表述相符，因此正确。B选项“满足有时尚意识的客户的期望”和D选项“节省服装开支”在录音中均未提及，因此排除；C选项“跟上当前的潮流”，利用录音开头的keep up with current trends设置干扰，但这并不是发明制服的原因，因此不正确。14. What does the speaker say about looking smarter?【试题答案】C【试题解析】题目问的是说话者关于“看起来更时尚”的看法。在录音后半部分，说话者提出一个问题，即看起来更时尚是否会提升我们的工作能力，接下来随即对此进行了回答，如果你的工作需要与其他人进行面对面交谈，则答案是肯定的，C选项“这在需要与他人接洽的工作中很重要”与原文意思表述一致，因此正确。A选项“这能提高人们独立工作的能力”和D选项“这能增强求职者的信心”在录音中均没有信息提及，因此排除。B选项“这帮助人们在他们所做的任何事情上取得成功”说法过于绝对，不符合题意。15. What does the speaker advise people to do in an image-obsessed world?【试题答案】D【试题解析】题目问在这个看重外貌形象的世界里，说话者建议人们怎么做？录音结尾提到，说话者认为人们应该竭尽所能去做能实现工作目标的事情，包括谨慎塑造自己的形象，这都是值得的。D选项“做任何能（使我们的形象）看起来时尚的事情”与原文意思符合，因此正确。A选项“设计他们自己的制服，使其看起来独一无二”；B选项“穿经典的衣服给客户留下深刻印象”和C选项“对抗不断变化的时尚潮流”均不正确，在原文找不到相关依据，因此排除。3. 单选题A gust of wind blew open the windows and （ ）the papers all over the floor.问题1选项A.scatteredB.spitC.splitD.spread【答案】A【解析】考察动词辨析。scatter “使散开，使分散”；spit “吐痰”；split “分裂”；spread “扩散”。句意：一阵风吹开了窗户，纸张散落了一地。选项A符合句意。4. 单选题The airport police who（ ）the girl concluded that she was innocent and hadnt known about the drugs.问题1选项A.interrogatedB.shroudedC.ratifiedD.muffled【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。interrogate “询问”；shroud “遮蔽”；ratify “批准”；muffle “使声音低沉，裹住，捂住”。句意：机场警察询问了那个女孩，认为她是无辜的，她对毒品一无所知。选项A符合题意。 5. 单选题Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.问题1选项A.Features editor.B.Magazine reporter.C.Website designer.D.Fashion designer.问题2选项A.Designing sports clothing.B.Answering daily emails.C.Consulting fashion experts.D.Interviewing job-seekers.问题3选项A.It is fascinating.B.It is challenging.C.It is tiresome.D.It is fashionable.问题4选项A.Her confidence.B.Her experience.C.Her competence.D.Her persistence.【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:A第4题:D【解析】Conversation OneM: 1 Today our guest is Rosie Mullender who works as a Features Editor for Fashion magazine. Hi Rosie, youre Features editor at one of the most widely read womens magazines in the U.K. What kind of responsibilities does that job entail?W: We spend our days looking at ideas from journalists, writing copy for the magazine and website, and editing. We do random things like asking people in the street questions and testing sports clothing. We also do less tangible things like understanding what our readers want. Its certainly varied and sometimes bizarre.M: During your working day, what kind of work might you typically do?W: 2 My day mainly incorporates responding to emails, writing and editing stories and coming up with new feature ideas.M: How does the job of Features editor differ from that of Fashion editor or other editorial positions?W: The Features team deals with articles such as careers, reports, confidence and confessionseverything except fashion and beauty.M: 3 A lot of people believe that working at a magazine is a glamorous job. Is this an accurate representation of what you do?W: Id say its glamorous to an extent, but not in the way its portrayed in films. We do have our moments, such as interviewing celebrities and attending parties, which is a huge thrill. Ultimately though, were the same as our readers, but working in a job were all very lucky to have.M: Did you have to overcome any difficulties to reach this point in your career? How did you manage to do this?W: 4 I had to be really persistent and it was very hard work. After three years of working in a petrol station and doing unpaid work, I still hadnt managed to get an entry-level job. I was lucky that my last desperate attempt led to a job. I told myself that all experiences make you a better journalist in the long runand luckily I was right.1. What is the womans profession?【试题答案】A【试题解析】题目问女士的职业是什么？对话的开头男士就提到今天的嘉宾Rosie Mullender是时尚杂志的特刊编辑（Features editor）。因此选项A正确。本题的干扰项是B选项“Magazine reporter”，因为录音中不止一次提到magazine这个词，女士的职业也和杂志有关系，但“杂志记者”不是女士的职业。2. What is one of the womans main responsibilities?【试题答案】B【试题解析】题目问女士的主要职责之一是什么？女士说她每天的工作主要包括回复电子邮件和写作、编辑故事等。B选项“回复每天的电子邮件”是录音中responding to emails的同义转述，因此正确。本题的干扰项是A选项“Designing sports clothing”，虽然在录音中有出现“sports clothing”，但说的是他们会测试运动服装，而不是设计；C选项“咨询时尚专家”在录音中没有相关信息；录音中只提到女士会采访名人，并没有说采访求职者，所以D选项也不正确。3. What do many people think about the womans job?【试题答案】A【试题解析】题目问的是人们对女士职业的看法。男士提到很多人认为在杂志社工作很有吸引力。A选项中的fascinating“极有吸引力的”是对glamorous的同义替换，因此正确。B选项“很有挑战性的”；C选项“令人厌烦的”和D选项“时髦的”均不正确。4. What helped the woman to get her current position?【试题答案】D【试题解析】题目问是什么帮助女士获得现在的职位？录音最后男士问道，在女士的职业生涯中，是不是要克服什么困难才能达到现在这个位置，她又是怎么做到的。女士的回答是，必须坚持不懈（persistent），因此D选项正确。本题的干扰项B选项中的experience虽然在原文中提及，但女士说的是自己所有的经历都会让她成为一名更好的记者，而不是说她的经历让她到达现在的位置，因此不正确；A选项“她的自信”和C选项“她的能力”在录音中没有提及。6. 单选题Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.问题1选项A.They can predict future events.B.They have no special meanings.C.They have cultural connotations.D.They cannot be easily explained.问题2选项A.It was canceled due to bad weather.B.She overslept and missed the flight.C.She dreamed of a plane crash.D.It was postponed to the following day.问题3选项A.They can be affected by peoples childhood experiences.B.They may sometimes seem ridiculous to a rational mind.C.They usually result from peoples unpleasant memories.D.They can have an impact as great as rational thinking.问题4选项A.They call for scientific methods to interpret.B.They mirror their long-cherished wishes.C.They reflect their complicated emotions.D.They are often related to irrational feelings.【答案】第1题:B第2题:C第3题:D第4题:C【解析】Conversation TwoM: 5 Do you think dreams have special meanings?W: 5 No, I dont think they do.M: 5 I dont either. But some people do. I would say people who believe that dreams have special meanings are superstitious, especially nowadays. In the past, during the times of ancient Egypt, Greece or China, people used to believe that dreams could foresee the future. But today, with all the scientific knowledge that we have, I think its much harder to believe in these sorts of things.W: My grandmother is superstitious, and she thinks dreams can predict the future. 6 Once she dreamed that the flight she was due to take the following day crashed. Can you guess what she did? She didnt take that flight. She didnt even bother to go to the airport the following day. Instead she took the same flight, but a week later, and everything was fine, of course. No plane ever crashed.M: How funny! Did you know that flying is actually safer than any other mode of transport? Its been statistically proven. People can be so irrational sometimes.W: Yes, absolutely. But even if we think theyre ridiculous, 7 emotions can be just as powerful as rational thinking.M: Exactly, people do all sorts of crazy things because of their irrational feelings, but in fact, some psychologists believe that our dreams are the result of our emotions and memories from that day. I think it was Sigmund Freud who said that childrens dreams were usually simple representations of their wishesthings they wished would happen. But in adults, 8 dreams are much more complicated reflections of their more sophisticated sentiments.W: Isnt it interesting how psychologists try to understand using the scientific method something as bizarre as dreams? Psychology is like the rational study of irrational feelings.5. What do both speakers think of dreams?【试题答案】B【试题解析】题目问的是两位说话者对梦的看法。对话开头，男士询问女士是否认为梦具有特殊意义，女士给出否定回答，接着男士说“我也不这么认为”，表明他与女士看法一致，因此B选项“它们没有特殊意义”符合录音原文。A选项“它们能够预测未来发生的事情”，这是古埃及、古希腊和中国古代的人们的看法，并不是说话者的看法，因此不正确；C选项“它们蕴含着文化意义”和D选项“它们很难解释”在录音中均未提及。6. Why didnt the womans grandmother take her scheduled flight?【试题答案】C【试题解析】题目问为什么这位女士的祖母没有乘坐她预定的航班？录音中女士提及她的祖母相信梦可以预测未来，有一次因为梦见自己第二天要乘坐的飞机坠毁了（the flight.crashed），她就没有坐那趟航班，甚至连机场也没去。C选项“她梦见飞机失事”是录音原文的同义表达，因此正确。A选项“由于天气不好取消了”；B选项“她睡过头，错过了航班”和D选项“推迟到了第二天”在录音中均未提及，因此可排除。7. What does the woman say about peoples emotions?【试题答案】D【试题解析】题目问的是女士关于人的情绪的看法。录音中女士提及即使人们有时候很荒唐，但情绪的力量并不亚于理性思考。D选项“它们的影响力不亚于理性思考”是录音原文的同义表述，因此正确。A选项“它们会受到人们童年经历的影响”和C选项“它们通常是由人们不愉快的记忆引起的”在录音中均没有信息提及，因此排除；B选项“相比于理性思维，它们有时会显得很可笑”，虽然是女士说的，但这是女士对男士的上一句话“人们有时会很不理智”表示赞同，并且着重想强调的还是后半部分：情绪的力量并不亚于理性思考，因此B选项也不选。8. What did psychologist Sigmund Freud say about adults dreams?【试题答案】C【试题解析】题目问心理学家弗洛伊德对成人的梦的看法。男士提到，弗洛伊德将儿童的梦与成人的梦进行了对比阐释，认为成人的梦更为复杂，反映了他们复杂的情感。C选项“反映了他们复杂的情感”是录音原文的复现，因此正确。A选项“它们需要用科学的方法来阐释”，利用录音中出现的the scientific method设置的干扰，这并不是弗洛伊德的看法，所以排除；B选项“反映了他们长期以来的愿望”，这是弗洛伊德对儿童的梦的看法，不是成人的梦，因此排除；D选项“它们通常与非理性情绪相关”，利用录音中的irrational feelings设置干扰，这是男士的个人观点，与弗洛伊德的看法无关，因此也不选。7. 单选题Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.问题1选项A.It has started to expand business outside the UK.B.It has imported some exotic foods from overseas.C.It has turned certain insects into a new food source.D.It has joined hands with Sainsburys to sell pet insects.问题2选项A.It made him feel strange. C. It hurt his throat slightly.B.C. It hurt his throat slightly. B.C.It hurt his throat slightly. B. It was really unforgettable.D.It was a pleasant surprise.问题3选项A.They contain more protein than conventional meats.B.They will soon gain popularity throughout the world.C.They are more tasty than beef, chicken or pork.D.They are more nutritious than soups and salads.问题4选项A.It is a promising industry.B.It requires new technology.C.It is environmentally friendly.D.It saves huge amounts of labour.【答案】第1题:C第2题:D第3题:A第4题:C【解析】Passage Two12 Eat Grub is Britains first new food company that breaks western food boundaries by introducing edible insects as a new source of food. And Sainsburys is the first UK supermarket to stock the company crunchy roasted crickets.Sainsburys insists that such food is no joke and could be a new, sustainable source of protein. Out of curiosity, I paid a visit to Sainsburys. As I put my hand into a packet of crickets with their tiny eyes and legs, the idea of one going in my mouth made me feel a little sick. 13 But the first bite was a pleasant surprise. A little dry and lacking of taste, but at least a wing didnt get stuck in my throat. The roasted seasoning largely overpowered any other flavour although there was slightly bitter aftertaste. The texture was crunchy, but smelt a little of cat food. Eat Grub also recommends the crickets as a topping for noodles, soups and salads.14 The company boasts that its dried crickets contain more protein than beef, chicken and pork, as well as minerals like iron and calcium. Unlike the production of meat, bugs do not use up large amounts of land, water or feed, and 15 insect farming also produces far fewer greenhouse gases. However, despite two billion people worldwide already supplementing their diet with insects, “consumer disgust” remains a large barrier in many western countries. Im not sure bugs will become a popular snack anytime soon, but theyre definitely food for thought.12. What do we learn from the passage about the food company Eat Grub?【试题答案】C【试题解析】题目问我们从这篇关于食品公司Eat Grub的文章中能得知什么？录音开头提到，Eat Grub引入食用昆虫作为新的食物来源，打破了西方食品的界限，由此可知C选项“它把某些昆虫变成了一种新的食物来源”正确。A选项“它已经开始扩展英国以外的业务”和B选项“从国外进口了一些异国食品”在录音中没有信息提及。D选项“它与Sainsburys联手出售宠物昆虫”主要是利用录音的Sainsburys设干扰，录音只是提到Sainsburys是英国第一家上货Eat Grub脆烤蟋蟀的超市，没有说它与Eat Grub联手，也未说到宠物昆虫，因此D选项不正确。13. What does the speaker say about his first bite a roasted crickets?【试题答案】D【试题解析】题目问说话者对于他第一次咬烤蟋蟀说了什么？录音提到，第一口吃起来很惊喜，因此D选项“这是一个惊喜”符合录音原文。A选项“这让他觉得很奇怪”利用录音中的made me feel设干扰，录音中说的是一想到有只蟋蟀会进到嘴里，就觉得有点恶心，而不是奇怪，因此A选项不正确；B选项“真的很难忘”在录音中没有提及；C选项“他的喉咙有点痛”利用录音中的throat设干扰，录音中说的是至少蟋蟀的翼没卡在说话人的喉咙里，并没有提到喉咙痛，因此不正确。14. What does Eat Grub say about its dried crickets?【试题答案】A【试题解析】题目问的是对于蟋蟀干，Eat Grub怎么说？录音提到，该公司夸口说他们的蟋蟀干比牛肉、鸡肉和猪肉含有更多的蛋白质。牛肉、鸡肉和猪肉都属于传统肉类，因此A选项“它们比传统肉类含有更多的蛋白质”正确。B选项“它们很快就会在全世界流行起来”和C选项“它们比牛肉、鸡肉或猪肉好吃”在录音中均没有提及；D选项“它们比汤和沙拉更有营养”，利用录音中的soups and salads设干扰，录音只是说Eat Grub还推荐蟋蟀作为面条、汤和沙拉的配料，并未指出哪个更有营养，因此D选项不正确。15. What does the passage say about insect farming?【试题答案】C【试题解析】题目问关于昆虫养殖，这篇文章的说法是什么？录音提到，昆虫养殖产生的温室气体少很多，由此可推断，昆虫养殖很环保，因此C选项“环保”正确。A选项“这是一个很有前途的行业”，录音结尾提到，尽管全世界有20亿人把昆虫作为补充的食物，但在很多西方国家，目前还有很大的阻碍。之后还提到，不确定虫子是否会成为一种受欢迎的零食，由此可推断昆虫养殖的前景并不是很乐观，因此A选项不正确；B选项“需要新技术”和D选项“节省大量劳动力”在录音中没有信息提及。8. 单选题Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.问题1选项A.It tends to dwell upon their joyous experiences.B.It has trouble concentrating after a brain injury.C.It wanders for almost half of their waking time.D.It tends to be affected by their negative feelings.问题2选项A.To study the relation between health and daydreaming.B.To see why daydreaming impacts what one is doing.C.To observe how ones mind affects ones behavior.D.To find how happiness relates to daydreaming.问题3选项A.It contributes to their creativity.B.It contributes to clear thinking.C.It helps them tap their potentials.D.It helps them make good decisions.问题4选项A.Daydreamers did better than non-daydreamers in task performance.B.Non-daydreamers were more focused on their tasks than daydreamers.C.The difference in performance between the two groups was insignificant.D.Subjects with clear goals in mind outperformed those without clear goals.【答案】第1题:C第2题:D第3题:A第4题:A【解析】Passage TwoIn 2014, one in 16 Americans visited the hospital emergency room for home injuries. One of the main causes of these accidents? A wandering mind! 12 By one estimate, people daydream through nearly half of their waking hours.Psychologists have recently focused on the tendency to think about something other than the task one is doing. 13 For one experiment, researchers developed an app to analyze the relationship between daydreaming and happiness. They found that the average persons mind wandered most frequently (about 65% of the time) during personal activities, such as brushing their teeth and combing their hair. Respondents minds tended to wander more when they felt upset rather than happy. They were more likely to wander toward pleasant topics than unpleasant ones.How do daydreams affect daydreamers? A wandering mind leaves us vulnerable when driving. In one study, researchers interview 955 people involved in traffic accidents. The majority of them reported having daydream just before the accident. Yet other research suggests that daydreaming has benefits. Researchers have found that it gives us a chance to think about our goals and 14 it also seems to increase creativity. In one experiment, 145 undergraduates completed four “unusual uses” tasks, each requiring them to list as many uses as possible for everyday object. After the first pair of tasks was completed, one group of participants was assigned an undemanding activity intended to cause their minds to wander. When all the participants proceeded to the second pair of tasks, 15 the daydreamers performed 40 percent better than the others.12. What does the passage say about peoples mind?【试题答案】C【试题解析】题目问的是这篇文章提到的关于人的思想的信息。录音开头提到：据估计，人们几乎一半的清醒时间都在幻想（people daydream through nearly half of their waking hours），C选项“醒着的时候，几乎有一半的时间都在走神”与之表述一致，因此正确。干扰项是A选项“倾向于沉湎于他们快乐的经历”，录音中提到的是他们更倾向于谈论愉快的话题（pleasant topics），因此A选项不正确；B选项“大脑受伤后很难集中注意力”和D选项“容易受到负面情绪的影响”在录音中均未提及。13. For what purpose did the researchers develop the new app?【试题答案】D【试题解析】题目问研究人员开发这款新软件的目的是什么？录音提到，在一项实验中，研究人员开发了一款应用程序来分析幻想和幸福之间的关系（analyze the relationship between daydreaming and happiness），D选项“找出幸福是如何与幻想关联的”是此信息的同义表述，因此正确。A选项“健康与幻想的关系”；B选项“看看为什么幻想会影响一个人的行为”；C选项“观察一个人的思想如何影响他的行为”均不正确。14. How does daydreaming benefit people according to some researchers?【试题答案】A【试题解析】题目问根据一些研究者的说法，幻想是怎样使人受益的？录音中也提到了幻想的好处：研究发现，它给了我们思考目标的机会，而且似乎还能提高创造力（increase creativity），A选项中的contributes to是录音中increase的同义替换，因此A选项正确；B选项“有助于清晰思考”；C选项“帮助他们挖掘潜力”；D选项“有助于他们做出正确的决定”均不正确。15. What was the finding of the experiment with 145 undergraduates?【试题答案】A【试题解析】题目问那个有145名本科生参加的实验发现了什么？录音最后提到，当所有参与者进行第二组任务时，“幻想者”的表现比其他人好40 % （the daydreamers performed 40 percent better than the others），由此可知，A选项“幻想者在做任务时的表现优于非幻想者”与之表述一致，因此正确。由上也可排除B选项“非幻想者比幻想者更专注于自己的任务”和C选项“两组之间的表现差异不明显”；而D选项“有明确目标的受试者的表现优于没有明确目标的受试者”在录音中并没有提及明确目标这一信息，因此错误。9. 单选题To say that his resignation was a shock would be an（ ） it caused panic.问题1选项A.excuseB.indulgenceC.exaggerationD.understatement【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。excuse “借口”；indulgence “放纵”；exaggeration “夸张”；understatement “不充分的陈述”。句意： “他的请辞让人震惊”这个说法算是轻描淡写，实际上引起了恐慌。选项D符合题意。10. 单选题Only a person with a pair of keen eyes co