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课时达标(九) Unit 4 Wildlife protection 阅读理解A课标话题人与自然人与动植物体裁说明文词 数 321难度 (2019厦门双十中学月考)Kazakhstan announced plans to bring wild tigers back to their historical range in the IliBalkhash region, and signed an agreement with World Wide Fund for Nature(WWF) to conduct a tiger reintroduction program. “It will not only bring wild tigers back to their ancestral home, but also protect the unique ecosystem of the IliBalkhash region，” said Askar Myrzakhmetov, the Minister of Agriculture of the Republic of Kazakhstan.If successful, Kazakhstan will be the first country in the world to bring wild tigers back to an entire region where they have died out for nearly half a century. Tiger reintroduction projects have only been achieved within national borders and in areas that are considered current tiger habitats(栖息地). Kazakhstans tiger reintroduction program is unique and it desperately requires the restoration of a vast forest that is part of the wild tigers historical range.Since the beginning of the 20th century, wild tigers have lost over 90 percent of their historical range. Wild tigers have completely disappeared from the region since the late 1940s, due to the loss of habitat. To prepare for the return of wild tigers, on 1st January 2018 Kazakhstan will set up a new nature reserve in the southwestern IliBalkhash, in order to restore the unique forest habitat. This will include the protection of existing wildlife, and reintroducing important prey(猎物), such as the endangered wild Bactrian deer.Restoring tigers will also help protect Lake Balkhash and prevent it from repeating the fate of the Aral Sea, formerly the worlds fourth largest lake and now 10 percent of its original size. “The hard work remains ahead of us. We have to spare no effort to make this region ready for tigers and involve all stakeholders(利益相关者) to make this happen. That means dealing with illegal activities, having these people who govern parks be welltrained and equipped, increasing prey populations and involving local communities，”said Ekaterina Vorobyeva, Director of the WWF program.语篇导读哈萨克斯坦通过与世界自然基金会签订协议以及设立新的自然保护区等举措开启野生老虎重新引入项目。1What is Askar Myrzakhmetovs attitude toward the tiger reintroduction program?ADoubtfulBFavorable.CConcernedDDisapproving.解析B观点态度题。根据第一段中Askar Myrzakhmetov的话可知，他认为该项目不仅能让野生老虎重返家园，也可以保护伊犁巴尔喀什地区的生态系统。由此可推知，他对这个项目持支持的态度，故选B项。2What made the wild tigers disappear in the IliBalkhash region?AThe increasing loss of prey.BThe evolution of the species.CThe lack of natural living places.DThe serious environmental pollution.解析C细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，在伊犁巴尔喀什地区，野生老虎消失是它们的栖息地丧失造成的结果，故选C项。3Which measure may be taken for the reintroduction of tigers?ARegulating human activities.BLimiting the number of prey.CBuilding a reserve for tigers only.DTraining tigers to be more adaptable.解析A细节理解题。根据文章最后一句可知，为了使野生老虎重回哈萨克斯坦，人们采取的其中一项措施就是打击非法活动，即要管控人类行为，故选A项。4What is the best title of the passage?AEfforts to Restore Forests in KazakhstanBBringing Tigers back Home to KazakhstanCAttempts to Handle Illegal Activities EffectivelyDPreventing Tigers Disappearing in Kazakhstan解析B标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文介绍的是使野生老虎重回哈萨克斯坦的一个项目，故选B项。B课标话题人与自然自然科学研究成果体裁说明文词 数 317难度 Scientists have solved the mystery of why the overwhelming majority of mammoth fossils(化石) are male.Much like wild elephants today, young male Ice Age mammoths probably travelled around alone and more often got themselves into risky situations where they were swept into rivers, or fell through ice or into mud, lakes or sinkholes that preserved their bones for thousands of years, scientists say.Females, on the other hand, travelled in groups led by an older matriarch who knew the landscape and directed her group away from danger.“Without the benefit of living in a herd led by an experienced female, male mammoths had a much higher risk of dying in natural traps such as mud holes, rock cracks and lakes，” said coauthor Love Daln of the Swedish Museum of Natural History in a report published on Thursday in the journal Current Biology.The study used genetic data to determine the sex of 98 woolly mammoth fossils in Siberia. Researchers found that 69% of the samples were male, a heavily unbalanced sex ratio, assuming that the sexes were fairly even at birth.“We were very surprised because there was no reason to expect a sex bias in the fossil record，” said first author Patricia Pecnerova, also of the Swedish Museum of Natural History. Therefore, researchers believe that something about the way they lived influenced the way they died.“Most bones, tusks, and teeth from mammoths and other Ice Age animals havent survived，” explained Daln.“It is highly likely that the remains that are found in Siberia these days have been preserved because they have been buried, and thus protected from weathering.”These giant, tusked plant eaters disappeared about 4,000 years ago. While there is no scientific agreement on the causes of their disappearance from the planet, most believe that climate change, excessive hunting by humans and the spread of other animals into mammoth feeding grounds were influential factors.语篇导读本文主要介绍了猛犸象化石大多是雄性以及这种生物从地球上最终消失的原因。5The underlined word “matriarch” in Paragraph 3 means _.AfigureheadBfemale leaderCexperienced animalDmature mammoth解析B词义猜测题。根据第四段中的Without the benefitnatural traps可推知，matriarch是指有经验的雌性领导，故选B项。6Why do the majority of mammoth fossils come from male animals?AScientists find it easier to study male fossilised bones.BThere were more male mammoths in comparison to females.CMale mammoths were better able to adapt to the changing circumstances.DMale mammoths more frequently died in places where fossils could form.解析D推理判断题。根据第二段内容可推知，雄性猛犸象很可能单独出行而非群体活动，因此更容易陷入危险境地致死，最后变成化石，故选D项。7Which of the following is suggested as a reason for mammoths dying out?AThe increasing competition for food.BThe cooling of the earths temperature.CThe disappearance of male mammoths.DThe risky behaviour of younger mammoths.解析A细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，大多数科学家认为气候变化、人类的过度猎杀、其他动物入侵聚食场是导致猛犸象灭绝的重要原因，故选A项。8What type of writing is the passage probably?AA newspaper articleBAn academic essay.CA historical descriptionDA science fiction story.解析A文章出处题。根据第一段的导入和全文内容可推知，本文是一篇有关猛犸象化石研究的新闻报道，故选A项。 七选五课标话题人与自然人与动植物体裁议论文词 数 232难度 To raise money for wildlife conservation, Mozambique in Africa will allow sports hunting. The plan is to sell 80 hunting permits a year at $11,000 each for elephants and about 60 permits for lions at $4,000 each. The government will collect most of the profits, but 20% will go to the communities in the conservation areas.Critics fear legal hunting can destroy Mozambiques fragile elephant population. _1_ Others argue that hunting, if properly managed, can be a tool for protecting wildlife.Here are two primary school students to share their views.A 9yearold girl from Beaufort, South Carolina supports the idea. She thinks that hunters kill animals without contributing a single dollar to conservation. But if hunting were permitted, they might pay for the chance to get a biggame trophy(战利品) _2_ For example, the money could be used to pay the guards to make sure those breaking the hunting rules were punished. _3_ However, a 10yearold girl from Atlanta, Georgia disagrees. She thinks that if sports hunting were allowed, endangered species could become extinct. _4_ It would teach the children of the world about killing, death and sorrow instead of peace, love and kindness. We have to protect biggame animals so that future generations can experience them _5_ These protected areas will attract tourists, who will pay for a chance to see such amazing creatures in their natural habitat.AThat would be a permanent loss for the mankind.BIs this the best way to save animals from extinction?CWellregulated sports hunting can benefit the conservation of listed species.DIllegal hunters have already wiped out nearly half of the countrys elephants.EThe money raised from legal hunting would contribute to protecting the wildlife.FSo instead of raising money by hunting, the country should build more wildlife preserves.GThe money could also be used to buy more protected lands where animals can wander freely.语篇导读为了保护野生动物筹募资金，莫桑比克允许狩猎两种动物。本文介绍了两位学生对此项目所持的不同观点。1解析D诠释关系。空前一句讲“反对者担心狩猎合法化会毁掉莫桑比克脆弱的大象种群”，D项(非法狩猎者已杀死了这个国家将近一半的大象)是对前一句的补充说明，故选D项。2解析E例证关系。根据空后一句可知，空处应讲合法狩猎获得的钱的用途。E项(合法狩猎所得的钱将用于保护野生生物)符合语境，故选E项。3解析G并列关系。空前一句讲合法狩猎所得收益的用处，G项(这些钱也可以用来购买更多的保护区，在那里动物可以自由漫步)紧承上文，其中的also也是提示，故选G项。4解析A顺承关系。根据空前的endangered species could become extinct可知，Georgia认为狩猎合法化会使濒危物种灭绝，A项(这对人类将是永久的损失)紧扣上文，故选A项。5解析F因果关系。根据空后的These protected areas可知，空处应与建立保护区有关。F项(因此，国家应该建立更多的野生动植物保护区而不是通过狩猎募集资金)符合语境，故选F项。 短文改错(2019山东德州质监)One month ， with the College Entrance Examination around the corner, I was nervous and in low because of my poor performance. When I was at loss and on the point of giving up, my head teacher comforted me and with me the reasons for my failure in the exam. More ， he managed to help me with my study and inspired . Determined to live to the expectations of my teachers and my parents, I devoted myself to all the problems in my study and then made progress. Im more than grateful for he has done for me, from which Ive got to know it is never too much late to get back when there is still hope. 解析one month ago一个月前，常用于一般过去时；one month before常用于过去完成时。本文时态为一般过去时，故将before改为ago。 解析in low spirits情绪低落，为固定搭配。spirit表示“情绪”时，常用复数形式。 解析at a loss不知所措，为固定搭配。 解析本文描述的是发生在过去的事情，故此处应用一般过去时。 解析此处应用副词作状语修饰整个句子。 解析此处应是老师鼓励“我”，而不是“我们”。 解析live up to不辜负(期望)，为固定搭配。 解析devote oneself to doing sth致力于做某事，为固定搭配。 解析引导词引导宾语从句，作介词for的宾语，且在从句中作done的宾语，故将that改为what。 解析tooto太而不能，为固定句式。此处表示仍有希望时，回到以前的状态永远也不会太晚。7
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