M3U3教学资源Section3Wordsandexpressions(Reading)

牛津高中 学英语报社金色教案 Section 3: Words and expressionsReading1. A British society arranged for ten high school students from different countries to go on a culture expedition to sites of lost civilizations. (p42) 英国一个团体安排来自不同国家的十名中学生到古文明遗址去探索。arrange vi. & vt. 1. (PLAN) to plan or prepare for; to organize: Im trying to arrange my work so that I can have a couple of days off next week. The meeting has been arranged for Wednesday. + to infinitive They arranged to have dinner the following month. Ive already arranged with him to meet at the cinema. Shes arranged for her son to have swimming lessons. Robbie has arranged for this man to come whenever needed. Ive arranged for a car to pick them up at the station. + that Id deliberately arranged that they should arrive at the same time. + question word We havent yet arranged when to meet. 2. (PUT IN POSITION) to put sth. in a particular order: She arranged her birthday cards along the shelf. Who arranged these flowers so beautifully? His books are neatly arranged in alphabetical order.2. In 89 BC, the Romans took over Pompei. (p42) 公元前八十九年，罗马人接管了庞培。take (sth) over (GET CONTROL)phrasal verb: 1. to get control of a company by buying most of its shares (= the equal parts into which the ownership of the company is divided): The company he works for has recently been taken over. 2. to assume the control or management of 接管Alan took over the farm when his father died. Lao Wang was sent to the hospital; I had to take over his work. He is taking over my job while I am on holiday. Bush said that US-trained Iraqi forces are not yet ready to take over their countrys security. Their economies will be stronger as a result when these kids grow up and take over the workforce.take away拿走； 拆去；使离开；消除（病痛等） take back收回；取消take down 取下；记下；（使）病倒 take in 接纳，吸收take off 脱掉（衣服等）, 起飞 take on接受，从事；雇佣take out 取出 take up 拿起，举起；从事，学习(1) Ill give you some tablets to take away the pain.(2) I take back what I said.(3) He took down my address and phone number and said hed phone back.(4) The new town takes in three former villages.(5) He took off his hat and bowed politely as he passed.(6) I will take the work on, but I cant exactly tell you when I will finish it.(7) He took out his pen and notebook and began to take notes.(8) You know I dropped medicine and took up physics.高考链接1. Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026_off at 18:20.（2006四川）A. takes B. took C. will be taken D. has taken2.Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane_.（2006福建）A. takes off B. is taking off C. has taken off3After he retired from office, Rogers _ painting for a while, but soon lost interest.A. took up B. saved up C. kept up D. drew up（2006山东）答案：1-3 ABA3. Near the city was a volcano called Vesuvius. (42) 城市的附近是一座名叫维苏威的火山。此句中用了倒装的词序，主语是a volcano called Vesuvius，介词短语放在了句首。又如：In the middle of the field stood a tall tower.At the foot of the mountain lies a new railway.倒装句的要点讲解（1）在以there、here、now、then、such引导的，引起人们注意的招呼句要倒装。There goes the bell. Here comes the bus.（2）表示动态的状语，置于句首时，句子要倒装。Off went the horse. In came the boss.From the speaker comes the doctors voice.（3）表示地点的词语置于句首或强调地点概念时。South of the town lie two steel factories.Between the two buildings stands a tall tree.注意：句子的主语为人称代词时，句子不倒装。Here it is. Away they went.（4）否定词never、seldom、hardly、scarcely、barely、rarely、little、not、nowhere、by no means、at no time、neither、nor等放在句首时，句子常倒装。如：By no means shall we give up.Never have I been to the USA.Seldom does she get up late in the morning.（5）在not only but also no sooner than 、hardly when 、scarcely when 、not until 、so that 、such that 句型中，主句倒装，从句不倒装，但要注意：neither nor 连接的句子前后两个分句都要倒装。Not only is she smart but also she is beautiful.Such great progress did he make that he was praised.So heavy is the box that I cant carry it.Neither has he a pencil, nor has he a pen.（6）Only + 状语或状语从句 +其他（only在句首时要倒装）。Only then did I realize the importance of learning English.（7）so、neither、nor放在句首时，表示前面的情况也适用于另一个人或物时，用部分倒装。（8）表语或状语或动词原形 + as/though + 主语 + 其他时，句子要倒装。（在让步状语从句中）（9）虚拟语气中用倒装代替if。Were I you, I would go there at once.Had you come yesterday, you could have helped us.（10）在一些表示祝愿的句子中。Ay your Christmas be happy! 高考链接1. _, Carolina couldnt get the door open. (2005广东) A. Try as she might B. As she might try C. She might as try D. Might she as try2. _ about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further research (2005江苏)A. So curious the couple was B. So curious were the coupleC. How curious the couple were D. The couple was such curious3. Never before _ in greater need of modern public transport than it is today. （2005上海）.A. has this city been B. this city has beenC. was this cityD. this city was4. _, he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class. （2005重庆）A. A quiet student as he may be B. Quiet student as he may be C. Be a quiet student as he may D. Quiet as he may be a student5. In the dark forests _, some large enough to hold several English towns. （2005辽宁）Astand many lakesBlie many lakesCmany lakes lieDmany lakes stand6.Never in my wildest dreams_these people are living in such poor conditions（2006安徽）AI could imagine Bcould I imagineCI couldnt imagine Dcouldnt I imagine7.At the foot of the mountain _ （2006四川）A. a village lie B. lies a village C. does a village lie D. lying a village8._homework did we have to do that we had no time to take a rest.（2006福建）A. So much B. Too much C. Too little D. So little9.-Its burning hot today, isnt it?-Yes. _yesterday（2006福建）A. So was it B. So it was C. So it is D. So is it10. Only then _ how much damage had been caused.（2006陕西）A. had she realizedB. she realizedC. did she realizedD. she had realized11. _ by keeping down costs will Power Data hold its advantage over other companies.（2006浙江）A. Only B. Just C. Still D. Yet12. _ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.（2006湖北）A. Would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be13. So difficult _ it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice.（2006广东）A. I did find B. did I find C. I have found D. have I found答案：15 ABABB 610 BBAAC 1113 ABB4. On 24th August AD 79, the volcano erupted and lava, ash and rocks poured out of it onto the surrounding countryside. (p42) 公元七十九年八月二十四日，那座火山爆发，熔岩、灰烬和着岩石倾泻在周围的土地上。erupt To become violently active: （尤指火山）爆发：剧烈活动Mount Vesuvius erupted in 79 AD, destroying Pompei.Enough lave had erupted from the volcano to bury the entire village.5. Unfortunately, all the people were buried alive, and so was the city. (p42) 不幸的是，所有的人都被活埋了，这座城市也被埋掉了。bury vt. 1. to put a dead body into the ground, or to put something into a hole in the ground and cover it: His father is buried in the cemetery(墓地, 公墓) on the hill. Many great English men are buried in Westminster Abby. After the battle they buried the dead. The dog trotted off to bury its bone. If an avalanche(雪崩) strikes, skiers can be buried alive by snow. buried treasure 2. to put sth. in a place where it is difficult or impossible to find or see: I found the article buried (away) in the business section of the newspaper. She buried her face in her hands and began to sob. 3. to intentionally forget an unpleasant experience: Hed had to bury his pain over the years. 4. to occupy (oneself) with deep concentration; absorb:专心致志，吸引：占据（某人）很大的注意力；全神贯注He buried himself in the work. He was buried in a book. 6. I also saw the bodies of people that had been turned to stone when they had been covered with ash. (p43) 我也看到了那些人的遗体，他们在被岩灰掩埋时就变成了石头。turn to: to become: Every promise they have made has turned to dust. The snow soon turned to rain. When it freezes, water turns to ice. 2. If someone turns to a particular subject or they turn their thoughts or attention to it, they begin to speak, think or write about it: Id like us now to turn our attention to next years budget. Were now going to turn to an issue that concerns us all - racism. Lets turn our attention to the matter at hand. He turned his energies to completing the job. 3. to go to for help, advice, sympathy, comfort, etc.: Who can I turn to in my hour of need? They always turn to me when they are in trouble. She had no one to turn to for advice.turn off / on关掉，截断 / 打开turn over翻身，反复考虑，翻（书页），翻转turn out证明为，结果，生产制造出某物，培养出，关掉（灯或炉火），熄灭turn down调节使热度音量等降低，拒绝（好意，建议或提议的人）turn back返回，转回去turn round(around)转过身来，绕过某物turn up（股票股市等）上扬，升值，向上翻，露面，出现，音量调大turn in上交，交还，turn upside down把倒置，弄得乱七八糟take turns to do 轮流做(1) Lets turn off the television, I would rather read a book.(2) She was so frightened while she was alone at home that she turned on all the lights.(3) If you turn over, you will find it easier to get to sleep.(4) “How did the party turn out?” “It turned out very well, thanks.”(5) Dont forget to turn down the gas after an hour or so.(6) The weather became so bad that they had to turn back.(7) The car turned round the corner and disappeared from sight.(8) We arranged to meet at the cinema at 7, but he failed to turn up.(9) She found a wallet on the ground, so she picked it up and turned it in to her teacher.(10) She turned the whole house upside down in her search for her missing purse.(11) All the students in our class take turns to water the flowers.高考链接1With no one to _in such a frightening situation, she felt very helpless.（2006陕西）A. turn on B. turn off C. turn over D. turn to答案 D7. I was so excited to be picked to represent Canada. (p45)我很兴奋我被选为加拿大代表。pick vt. to take some things and leave others; to choose: Pick a card from the pack. One of my sisters has been picked for the Olympic team. + object + to infinitive She was picked to play for the team. The police asked him if he could pick (out) the killer from a series of photos. The fairest way to decide the winner is to pick a name out of a hat/at random (= without looking or choosing). They picked their way (= carefully chose a route) down the broken steps. Hes brilliant at picking winners (= choosing what will be successful). vi. & vt. to remove separate items or small pieces from sth., especially with the fingers: Machines pick the fruit (from/off the trees). I picked a piece of fluff off my shiny black suit. The child continued picking (at) a sore on his leg (= trying to remove parts of it with his fingers). DISAPPROVING He kept picking his nose (= removing mucus from it with his finger).归纳拓展：pick up: 1. to lift someone or sth. using your hands:He picked up the book from the floor.He picked up the child and put her on his shoulders.I went to pick up the phone/receiver, but it had stopped ringing.She slipped and fell but quickly picked herself up.2. to collect, or to go and get, someone or sth.:Ill pick you up at 7 oclock. When youre in town could you pick up the books I ordered?Whose turn is it to pick the children up after school?3. to learn a new skill or language by practising it rather than being taught it; to learn interesting or useful information from someone or sth.: Dont bother with the computer manual(手册, 指南) - youll pick it up as you go along. When you live in a country you soon pick up the language. The nurse had picked up the information from a conversation she overheard.See if you can pick up anything about their future plans.4. (of a piece of electrical equipment) to receive a signal:Can you pick up (= receive broadcasts from) Moscow on your radio?My radio can pick up France.5. to increase or improve:The truck picked up speed slowly.The wind always picks up in the evening.The number of applicants will pick up during the autumn.His spirits picked up when he got the good news.Her career only began to pick up when she was in her forties.pick out: to recognize, find or make a choice among different people or items in a group:Can you pick out the three deliberate mistakes in this paragraph?The critics picked him out as the outstanding male dancer of the decade.It was just impossible to pick out the hut on the side of the mountain.高考链接1. Kathy_ a lot of Spanish by playing with the native boys and girls. （2005安徽）A. picked up B. took up C. made up D. turned up2. She_Japanese when she was in Japan. Now she can speak it freely.（2006福建）A. picked out B. made out C. made up D. picked up答案：1-2 AD