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Unit 3 Life in the future(一)课前自主学习.阅读单词知其意1aspect n. 方面；层面2timetable n. 时间表；时刻表3typist n. 打字员4tablet n. 药片5steward n纵联1 乘务员；服务员6stewardess n. 女乘务员7mask n. 面具；面罩；伪装8citizen n. 公民；居民；市民9ecology n. 生态；生态学10postage n. 邮资11receiver n. 接受者；接收器；电话听筒12dustbin n. 垃圾箱13button n. 纽扣；按钮14goods n纵联2 货物15belt n. 腰带；皮带16motivation n. 动机.重点单词写其形 1previous adj. 在前的；早先的2fasten vt. 系牢；扎牢3representative n.adj.纵联3 4flash vt.&vi. (使)闪光；(使)闪现5guide n. 指导；向导；导游vt. 指引；指导6lack vi.&vt. 缺乏；没有n. 缺乏；短缺的东西7switch n. 开关；转换vt. 转换8optimistic adj. 乐观(主义)的9material n. 原料；材料10recycle vt. 回收利用；再利用11greedy adj. 贪吃的；贪婪的；贪心的12swallow vt. 吞下；咽下.拓展单词通其变1tolerate vt.容忍；忍受tolerance n容忍2impression n印象；感想；印记impress vt.(使)留下深刻印象impressive adj.给人深刻印象的3constant adj.时常发生的；连续不断的constantly adv.不断地4surroundings n周围的事物；环境surrounding adj.周围的surround vt.围绕5adjustment n调整；调节adjust vt.调整；使适应6press vi.&vt.按；压；逼迫 n按；压；印刷；新闻pressure n压力；挤压；压迫(感)纵联47instant n瞬间；片刻adj.立即的；立刻的instantly adv.马上8settlement n定居；解决settle v定居；解决9exhausted adj.筋疲力尽的；疲惫不堪的exhaust vt.耗尽10uncertain adj.不确切的；无把握的certain adj.确信的；有把握的certainty n确信纵联1.男女有别 纵联2.单复数意义不同的名词集锦good善行；好处 goods货物time时间 times时代custom习惯；风俗 customs海关instruction指导 instructions用法说明pain痛苦 pains辛苦；努力sand沙子 sands沙滩work工作 works作品look脸色；看 looks容貌纵联3.后缀ive形容词大观园representative典型的 impressive给人印象深刻的creative创造性的 constructive建设性的expensive昂贵的 active积极的descriptive描述的 attractive吸引人的纵联4.不一样的“press”press v按；压 pressure n压力express vt.表达 impression n印象impress vt.(使)留下深刻印象expression n表达单元话题未来生活子话题1生活住所arrangement n安排；布置 flat n公寓roof n屋顶；最高处 ceiling n天花板lift n电梯 garage n车库balcony n阳台 basement n地下室storey n楼层 intelligent adj.智能的子话题2家具及陈设 decorate v装饰；布置 cupboard n碗柜；食橱drawer n抽屉 shelf n架子vase n花瓶 carpet n地毯automatic adj.自动化的 armchair n扶手椅bench n长凳；工作台 couch n睡椅；长沙发furnish vt.布置；为配备家具学考对接活学活用高考采撷(一)阅读中的词汇应用1(2016江苏高考阅读D)It didnt take long for ShellyAnn to realize that sports could be her way out of Waterhouse. On a summer evening in Beijing in 2008, all those long, hard hours of work and commitment finally bore fruit. The barefoot kid who just a few years previously had been living in poverty, _ (surround) by criminals and violence, had written a new chapter in the history of sports.写出加彩词在本单元的同根形容词：previous，意为“先前的”用surround的适当形式填空：surrounded2(2016江苏高考阅读D)Stephen Francis observed then eighteenyearold ShellyAnn at a track meet and was convinced that he had seen the beginnings of true greatness. Her times were not exactly impressive， but even so, he sensed there was something trying to get out, something the other coaches had overlooked when they had assessed her and found her _ (lack). impressive在此处意为“给人印象深刻的”，写出它在本单元的同根名词：impression用lack的适当形式填空：lacking，此时用作形容词，意为“缺乏的；不足的”高考采撷(二)写作中的词汇应用(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)1(20186月浙江高考写作)我精通英语，并有陪伴外国朋友的经验。我的确相信我能担任这项志愿者工作并作为你的向导。(guide)I_have_a_good_command_of_English,_and_also_have_some_experience_in_accompanying_foreign_friends._I_do_believe_I_am_suited_for_this_voluntary_work_and_can_serve_as_your_guide.2(2016江苏高考书面表达)此外，网络投票使得即时反馈(feedback)成为可能。(instant)Furthermore,_voting_on_the_Internet_makes_instant_feedback_possible.3(2013广东高考写作)在一些专家的眼中，火星上的生活条件难以忍受。(tolerate)In_some_experts_opinion,_living_conditions_on_the_Mars_are_very_hard_to_tolerate. (二)课堂重点释疑1tolerate vt.容忍；忍受记牢(1)tolerate (sb.) doing sth.容忍/忍受(某人)做某事(2)tolerance n. 宽容；容忍；忍受tolerant adj. 宽容的；容忍的练通单句语法填空I cant tolerate working (work) with Kate in the same office. She just refuses to stop talking while she works.Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase, she gave him a tolerant (tolerate) smile and let him go.写美词汇升级When he went abroad, he found the new surroundings hard to bear.(升级加彩词汇)When he went abroad, he found the new surroundings hard to tolerate/put_up_with.联想“容忍；忍受”的种种表达tolerate vt. 忍受 bear vt. 忍受stand vt. 忍受 put up with 忍受；容忍2lack vt.&vi.缺乏；没有n.缺乏；短缺的东西记牢(1)for lack of因缺乏a lack of 缺乏(2)lacking adj. 短缺的；缺乏的be lacking in 缺少练通单句语法填空For lack of human protection, the number of Yangtze finless porpoise is becoming smaller and smaller.Though lacking (lack) money, his parents managed to send him to a university.While college graduates complain of a lack of available jobs, factories are facing difficulties in hiring workers.用准lack作名词时常与介词of连用；作动词时可作及物动词直接加宾语(不能用于被动语态和进行时)，也可作不及物动词，后常与介词for连用；形容词lacking常与in连用。写美句式升级Though Jack was lacking in experience, he made up for it in enthusiasm.Though_lacking_in_experience,_Jack made up for it in enthusiasm.(省略句)3press vi.&vt.按；压；逼迫n.按；压；印刷；新闻记牢(1)press .against/to . 把压/挤/贴在press sb.to do sth. 极力劝说/敦促某人做某事(2)pressure n. 压(力)；压强；强制put pressure on . 给施压under pressure 面临压力；受到压力练通单句语法填空Pressed (press) by my friends, I decided to seize the opportunity.Out of curiosity, the little girl pressed her nose against the shop window.(2018江苏高考)The report said they also faced pressure (press) to respond to messages at all hours of the day especially at secondary school when more youngsters have mobile phones.写美 翻译句子无论你面临多少压力，都不要半途放弃。No_matter_how_much_pressure_you_are_under,_you_will_never_give_up_halfway.4instant n瞬间；片刻adj.立即的；立刻的记牢(1)in an instantinstantly立刻；马上for an instant 一瞬间；顷刻一就练通单句语法填空He paused for an instant before continuing.In an instant, he took off his coat and jumped into the water.写美一句多译让我非常惊讶的是，她一读那封信就哭了起来。Much to my surprise, she burst into tears the_instant/instantly she read the letter.Much to my surprise, on_reading_the_letter,_she burst out crying.(on)词汇过关综合训练 .单词拼写1If a student lacks (缺乏) the motivation to study, he will quickly become tired of studying.2Their boss is strict and wont tolerate (容忍) any mistakes in their daily work.3As a diligent student, he is greedy (渴望的) for success.4They recycle (循环利用)their garbage because they care about the environment.5Teachers think highly of Alice, because she is_constantly (不断地) working hard.6My sister is optimistic (乐观的) about her chance of winning the English speech contest.7Cities are usually warmer than surrounding (周围的) rural areas, so its wise to live in cities in winter.8The new school year is right around the corner, but the adjustment (调整) to returning to school may take a few weeks.9I typed the report by myself, for the only_typist (打字员) took a day off.10Using an iPad, we can listen to music, download lots of learning materials (材料) and read them.单句语法填空1As far as I know, our English teacher as well as other teachers never tolerates cheating (cheat) in the exams.2The greedy boss pressed his workers to_work (work) 16 hours a day.3Guided (guide) by the sun, they walked towards their destination through the woods.4All passengers on board are expected to_fasten (fasten) the seat belts when the plane takes off and lands.5Your art skills are excellent and admirable, which leave me a deep impression (impress)6After the explosion the army blocked the surrounding (surround) area and forbad anyone to enter it.根据提示补全句子/一句多译1由于缺乏自信心，琳达没参加诗歌比赛。(lack)Linda didnt take part in the poetry competition for_lack_of_confidence.2请你一到云南就给我发电子邮件。(the instant/instantly)Please send me an email the_instant/instantly_you_reach_Yunnan.3我总是梦想着拥有一座被树木和鲜花环绕的房子。(surround)I am always dreaming of having a house surrounded_by/with_trees_and_flowers.4在一位当地村民的带领下，我们最终找到了那座古老的城堡。(guide)We were_guided_by_a_local_villager,_and finally found the ancient castle.(并列句)Guided_by_a_local_villager,_we finally found the ancient castle.(分词作状语)With_a_local_villager_guiding_us,_we finally found the ancient castle.(with复合结构).语境辨义根据语境选出guide的词性和词义(A)n.指南；手册(B)n.导游；向导(C)vt.指引 (D)vt.指导；影响1She guided us through the busy streets to the museum._C_2Lets have a look at the TV guide and see whats on._A_3We hired a local guide to get us across the mountains._B_4He was always guided by his religious beliefs._D_(一)课前自主学习1take_up 串记1 拿起；接受；开始；继续；占用；从事2(a)_lack_of 缺乏3be_back_on_ones_feet (困境后)恢复；完全复原4lose_sight_of_. 看不见5sweep_up 打扫；横扫6slide_into (快捷而悄声地)移动；溜进7speed_up 加速8remind_sb.of_. 使某人想起；提醒某人9in_all_directions 向四面八方10suffer_from 串记2 患有(疾病等)；遭受同根短语串记串记1.常见的“动词up”短语扫描take up拿起；接受keep up保持；维持set up建造；创立 bring up教育；培养build up建立；增强 turn up出现；露面clear up整理；(天空)放晴 hold up举起；耽搁串记2.“v.from”短语荟萃suffer from遭受 result from由于；起因于hear from收到的来信 escape from从逃脱benefit from从中获益 die from死于date from始于；起源于1be described as . 被描述成2be stored on . 被存储在3be optimistic about 对乐观的4as a result 结果；因此5be greedy for . 对贪婪的6fall fast asleep 很快入睡7be similar to 与相似8show sb. around/round_ 带领某人参观1At first my new surroundings were_difficult_to_tolerate.开始的时候，新的环境让我难以忍受。2Hit_by_a_lack_of_fresh_air,_my head ached.由于缺乏新鲜空气，我感到头痛。3However, I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions.可是，当我们到达一个看上去像大市场的地方时，由于太多气垫车朝四面八方飞奔，我看不见王平了。4Exhausted,_I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.我感到累极了，爬上床很快就睡着了。学考对接活学活用高考采撷(一)阅读中的短语(词汇替换/补全句子)1(2017全国卷语法填空) Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required to process the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.(用本单元短语替换加黑词)be_back_on_our_feet2(2015浙江高考阅读C)In a very real sense, light pollution causes us to lose_sight_of (看不见) our true place in the universe.3(2014江苏高考任务型阅读)This type of influence can also get a friend off drugs, or to help an adult take_up (开始) a good habit or drop a bad one.高考采撷(二)写作中的短语和句式(补全句子)1(2013四川高考书面表达)很明显，一个好的学习习惯可以帮助我们加速达到我们的目标。Obviously, a good learning habit can help us to_speed_up_to_reach_our_destinations.2(2015湖南高考写作)得知我所处的境况后，我的老师Michael鼓励我勇敢自信地走出困境。(what引导名词性从句)After learning what_situation_I_was_in,_my teacher, Michael, encouraged me to step out of trouble bravely and confidently.(二)课堂重点释疑短语集释1take up占用(时间)；占据(空间)；继续；开始；接受；拿起；从事辨清写出下列句中take up的含义We tried to find a table for seven, but they were all taken up.占据I put the telephone down and took up my work again.继续(2015陕西高考)Peter will take up his post as the head of the travel agency at the end of next month.从事Im going to take up the challenge of lasting a whole week without arguing. 接受记牢take off脱掉(衣服等)；起飞；事业腾飞take over 接管；获得对的控制或管理take down 写下；记下；拆除take in 吸收；接纳；领会；欺骗take on 呈现；雇用；承担；从事练通选用上述短语填空With the development of science and technology, our country has taken_on a new look.The house where I grew up has been taken_down and replaced by an office building.写美词汇升级He didnt understand what he read because his mind was focused on something else.(升级加彩词汇)He didnt take_in what he read because his mind was focused on something else.2lose sight of .看不见；忽略记牢(1)catch sight of望见；看到lose ones sight 失明come into sight 进入视野内；映入眼帘(2)at first sight 乍一看at the sight of 看到out of sight 看不到in/within sight 在视野内练通选用上述短语填空They fell in love at_first_sight,_and three months later, they got married.Only a shortsighted man will lose_sight_of the importance of education.At the railway station, the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the train was out_of_sight.写美词汇升级I saw her getting on the bus when I came out of the store.(升级加彩词汇)I caught_sight_of her getting on the bus when I came out of the store.3speed up加速记牢(1)reduce speedslow down减速pick up speed 逐渐加速(2)at high/low/full/top speed 以高/低/全/最高速at a speed of . 以速度练通单句语法填空(2017全国卷)The instructor kept repeating the words, “Speed up！” “Slow down！” “Turn left！”Our physics teacher said that light travels at a speed of 300,000km per second.Once outside the station, the train began to pick up speed.用准speed的过去式、 过去分词有两种形式： speeded, speeded或sped, sped。写美 翻译句子现代发明大大加速了人们的生活节奏。Modern_inventions_have_greatly_speeded_up_peoples_pace_of_life.句式集释1过去分词短语作状语教材原句Hit_by_a_lack_of_fresh_air,_my head ached.悟拓展例句(1)Offered (offer) an important role in a new movie, Andy has got a chance to become famous.(2)Located (locate) in the central district, the Xian Hotel offers the best service with the lowest price.(3)(2016北京高考)Ordered (order) over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.析用法规则(1)过去分词或过去分词短语作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、伴随等。(2)过去分词的逻辑主语一般与句子主语一致。(3)过去分词表示的动作与句子的主语之间为被动关系。背写作佳句(1)Amazed at how skillful they were, I determined to be just as good.(要点句)(2)(2018全国卷书面表达)Shown this Sunday afternoon, the film will last two hours.(要点句)2形容词(短语)作状语教材原句Exhausted,_I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.悟拓展例句(1)To our relief, the missing child returned home ten days later, tired but healthy (health)(2)Surprised (surprise) and happy, he stood up and accepted the prize.(3)The boy lay on the sofa, relaxed (relax)析用法规则用法归纳形容词(短语)作状语可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等，可位于句首、句末或句中，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。注意事项形容词(短语)作状语时常用来说明句子主语的状态，即和主语常可构成系表关系。如果用来修饰句子的谓语动词或整个句子，则应用副词作状语。背写作佳句(1)(2016全国卷书面表达)Worried about making mistakes, Im writing to bother you to correct the words and format in the material I attach to the letter.(开头句)(2)Too nervous, I couldnt think of anything at the beginning of the exam. However, I didnt worry but tried to calm myself down.(要点句)词块、句式过关综合训练 .选词填空1Sue_slid_into_the office of Mr. Brown and took the important papers away.2Mary swept_up all the broken glass before her mother came back home after work.3Because Susan was in France at that time, her youngest sister took_up the prize in place of her.4Many countries are faced with the problem about how to speed_up economic development.5I took a careful search in the crowds at the exit of the station, but I still lost_sight_of my cousin.6Her father fell off the truck and was able to be_back_on_his_feet after two weeks treatment in the hospital.根据提示补全句子/一句多译1他想知道经理在会议上说了些什么。(what引导名词性从句)He wanted to know what_the_manager_had_said at the meeting.2又累又渴，他走进一家茶馆，一个机器人服务员迅速过来招待他。(形容词作状语)Tired_and_thirsty,_he went into a teahouse and a robot waiter quickly came up to serve him.3从高层建筑物上看，公园看上去更漂亮。When_it_is_seen_from the top of the high building, the park looks even more beautiful. (时间状语从句)Seen_from the top of the high building, the park looks even more beautiful.(分词作状语)Seeing_from the top of the high building, I find the park even more beautiful.(分词作状语)4这个看似很难的问题其实很容易回答。(beadj.to do)The question that/which seems difficult is_actually_easy_to_answer.概要写作阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。There is a difference between simple and easy. The greatest things in life are all about simplicity. The most powerful advice of realizing your dreams is also the simplest and consists of only two words: be yourself.It is simple and powerful, yet it may not be easy. Most of us, since our childhood, have been conditioned out of trusting our own innate (先天的) powers. We were taught to correspond to expectations others had about us, and told that feeling the way we feel and acting the way we do were not all right. Though we have our own thinking and feeling, most of us give in to the pressure of our surroundings.Once we lose trust in our power to create whatever we want in our lives, we believe our own powerlessness. As a consequence, we do not ask ourselves what we truly want in life, but instead do what we are obliged to do as everyone else is doing it as well. Also, we will blame others and circumstances for everything in our life we consider bad. This is another way of giving away our power.But being simple can be very challenging as it is completely out of what most of us have known ourselves to be. Having disconnected from our true nature, fear begins to dominate our experience. It arises when we doubt our power as feeling powerless makes us feel threatened the source of fear. So instead of creating our life according to our deepest desires, we have become accustomed to living just for survival.Bad emotions prevent us feeling and being who we truly are and tear us down. But all of them can actually become the greatest fuel for our growth and development if we simply choose to no longer let it define us. Open up to all within us without feeling powerless and unworthy and a new version of us is born. When we feel ourselves being drawn into conflict, just remember the simple truth of our being: simply be with everything we experience and watch it be transformed into love and power.写作步骤第一步：归纳主旨大意主旨大意：本文是议论文。我们应该简化自己的生活，尊重自己内心所想所需，这样我们的生活才会变得更美好。短文结构分析：全文分为四个部分。第一部分(第一段)：实现梦想很简单活出你自己；第二部分(第二、三段)：活出自己简单但不易做到；第三部分(第四段)：恐惧使简单的东西实现起来有挑战性；第四部分(第五段)：如何活出真实的自己。第二步：提炼关键词Part 1：1.The most powerful advice of realizing_your_dreams is also the simplest and consists of only two words: be_yourself.Part 2：2.It is simple and powerful, yet it may not_be_easy.3Though we have our own thinking and feeling, most of us give_in_to_the_pressure of our surroundings.Part 3：4.But being_simple can be very challenging as it is completely out of what most of us have known ourselves to be.5Fear_arises when we doubt_our_power as feeling powerless makes us feel threatened.Part 4：6.Open_up_to_all_within_us without feeling powerless and unworthy and a new version of us is born. 7When we feel ourselves being drawn into conflict, just remember the simple truth of our being.第三步：合并和改写1要点1(要点句)改写：Realizing_your_dreams is simple: be yourself.2要点2和3合并：It is not easy to be ourselves as most of us give in to the pressure of our surroundings.改写：It is hard to be ourselves as we may be affected by the pressure of our surroundings.3要点4和5合并：Being simple can be very challenging because we doubt our power.改写：Being simple can be very challenging because_of our doubt about our power.4要点6和7合并：We should open up to all within us without feeling powerless and unworthy and remember the simple truth of our being.改写：We should try to be who_we_are and remember the simple truth of our being.第四步：核查成文核查连贯性，优先考虑使用最短连接词；核查标点和语法；核查词数。最终成文如下：Realizing your dreams is simple: be yourself. (要点1)However, it is hard to be ourselves as we may be affected by the pressure of our surroundings.(要点2)Being simple can be very challenging because of our doubt about our power. (要点3)Despite this, we should try to be who we are and remember the simple truth of our being. (要点4)理清段落结构之(五)呼应所谓呼应是指在开头和结尾的内容上有极其密切的关系，是对同一情况做出解释、说明、交代的。呼应可以使文章浑然一体，更具有突出的作用。呼应之处一般是文章要重点强调的内容，也是文章主旨所在，利用这种呼应关系，可解阅读类题目中的主旨及前后照应型题目。高考典例12018全国卷D篇文章开头用描述现象引出“small talk”的重要性文章结尾以研究报告的结论再次强调了“small talk”的重要性1Weve all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.2Whats the problem? Its possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence. Its more likely that none of us start a conversation b
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