考研考博-考博英语-西南财经大学考前自测提分卷26(含答案详解）

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！ 住在富人区的她考研考博-考博英语-西南财经大学考前自测提分卷（含答案详解）一.综合题(共10题)1.单选题At the conference yesterday, our differences were further （ ）. The next step is to work out a solution acceptable to both sides.问题1选项A.narrowed downB.cooled downC.driven homeD.brought about【答案】A【解析】考查词组辨析。narrow down意为“缩减，压缩，减少”；cool down意为“变凉，冷却，冷静”；drive home意为“开车回家”；bring about意为“导致，引起”。句意：在昨天的会议上，我们的分歧进一步缩小了。下一步是制定一个双方都能接受的解决方案。2.翻译题Alex, now a first-year student in natural sciences at Cambridge, played football for his school in Manchester and directed the school production of a play. He left school with five As. Amanda, reading English at Bristol University, acted in plays at hers, and played tennis regularly. Yet she still managed to get four As.How do A students like these make it? Brains arent the only answer, the most gifted students do not necessarily perform best in exams, knowing how to make the most of ones abilities counts for much more.Hard work isnt the whole story either. Some of these high-achieving students actually put in fewer hours than their lower-scoring classmates. The students at the top of the class get there by mastering a few basic techniques that others can easily learn. Here, according to education experts and students themselves, are the secrets of A students.Concentrate! Top students allow no interruptions of their study time. Once the books are open, phone calls go unanswered, TV unwatched and newspapers unread.Study anywhereor everywhere. A university professor in Arizona assigned to tutor underachieving college athletes, recalls a runner who exercise daily. He persuaded him to use the time to memorize biology terms.Organize your material. A drawer keeps essentials together and cuts down on time-wasting searches.Ask questions, “If you ask questions, you know at once whether you have got the point or not,” says Alex. Class participation is a matter of showing intellectual curiosity.After all, the secrets of A students are not so secret. You can learn and master them and become an A student, too.【答案】亚历克斯，现在是剑桥大学理科一年级的学生，曾在曼彻斯特的中学校队里踢足球，并且导演过学校的一部话剧。他以5A的成绩从初中毕业。阿曼达，布里斯托尔大学英语系学生，在中学里参加过戏剧演出，并且时常打网球，但她仍然拿到了4个A的成绩。这些优等生怎样做到这些的呢？脑子聪明并不是唯一的答案，最有天赋的学生不一定在考试中表现优异，知道如何充分利用自己的才能要重要得多。勤奋不能说明所有问题。这些成功的学生往往比那些成绩差的同学耗费在学习上的时间少。拔尖的学生们通过掌握一些其他人都能学到的基本技巧而得到高分。根据教育专家和学生们自己的叙述，优等生成功的秘诀有以下几点：专注！优等生在学习期间不会开任何小差。一旦打开书本，他们电话不接，电视不看，报纸不读。任何地方或者所有地方都能学习。亚利桑那州的一位教授被分配去辅导那些成绩普通的大学运动员。他记得有一名赛跑运动员每天都要训练。他说服那位学生利用跑步的时间去记忆生物学词汇。安排好资料。把必需的东西放在一个抽屉，这样能节约胡乱寻找东西的时间。提问。“如果你提问，你立刻就知道你是否抓住了重点”，亚历克斯说。课堂参与能够展现求知欲。毕竟，优等生的秘诀并不神秘。你可以学习，然后掌握这些秘诀，最后也成为一名优等生。3.单选题Parks and open spaces are essential to the quality of life in dense （ ）areas such as New York City.问题1选项A.agriculturalB.ruralC.suburbanD.urban【答案】D【解析】形容词辨析题。agricultural农业的；rural乡村的；suburban郊区的；.urban城市的。句意：公园和空地对于像纽约这样人口密集的城市地区的生活质量来说是必不可少的。选项D符合语境。4.翻译题Culture is one of the most challenging elements of the internationalmarketplace. This system of learned behavior patterns characteristic of themembers of a given society is constantly shaped by a set of dynamic variablelanguage, religion, values and attitudes, manners and customs, aesthetics,technology, education, and social institutions. To cope with this system, aninternational manager needs both factual and interpretive knowledge of culture.To some extent, the factual knowledge can be learned and its interpretationcomes only through experience.one has tolive it. Two schools of thought exist in the business world on how to deal withcultural diversity. One is that business is business the world around,following the model of Pepsi and McDonalds. In some cases, globalization is afact of life; however, cultural differences are still far from converging.The other school proposes that companies must tailor businessapproaches to individual cultures. Setting up policies and procedures in eachcountry has been compared to an organ transplant, the critical question centersaround acceptance or rejection. The major challenge to the internationalmanager is to make sure that rejection is not a result of cultural myopia or evenblindness.【答案】文化是国际市场中最具挑战性的因素之一。特定社会成员的这种习得行为模式系统是由一系列动态变化的语言、宗教、价值观和习俗、美学、技术、教育和社会制度不断塑造而成的。为了应对这个系统，国际经理需要真实的文化和用于解释文化的知识。在某种程度上，事实知识可以习得，而文化的解释只能来源于经验。在处理文化环境的问题时，最复杂的问题是来自于一个人无法学到文化他必须置身其中。商业世界中存在着两种关于如何处理文化多样性的思想流派。一种是认为全世界的商业都是公事公办，像百事和麦当劳一样。在某些情况下，全球化是无法改变的事实，然而，文化差异还远没有融合。另一种观点认为，企业必须根据不同的文化来调整经营模式。在每个国家制定政策和程序被比作器官移植，关键问题在于接受与否。国际经理面临的主要挑战是确保拒绝接受不是文化近视甚至眼盲的结果。5.单选题The British Library （ ）the right to a free copy of every new book published in the United Kingdom.问题1选项A.containsB.retiresC.retainsD.conveys【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。contain意为“包含，容纳”；retire意为“退休”；retain意为“保持，保留”；convey意为“传达，传递”。句意：在英国出版的每一版新书，大英博物馆都拥有免费获得一册的权利。6.单选题You shouldnt have written in the （ ）since the book belongs to the library.问题1选项A.intervalB.borderC.marginD.edge【答案】C【解析】名词辨析题。interval间隔，间距；border边境，边界；margin边缘，页边的空白；edge边缘，优势。句意：你不应该写在页边的空白处，因为这本书是属于图书馆的。选项C符合句意。7.单选题I absolutely oppose the （ ）that privatization（私有化）is now inevitable in our industry.问题1选项A.noticeB.notionC.impressionD.conscience【答案】B【解析】名词辨析题。notice通知；notion概念，见解；impression印象；conscience道德心，良心。句意：我完全反对认为私有化在我们这个行业是不可避免的这种见解。选项B符合句意。8.单选题Do you want fly first or （ ） class?问题1选项A.economicB.economicalC.economyD.economics【答案】B【解析】考查固定搭配。economical class “经济舱”。选项B符合题意。9.单选题A computer file is a collection of （ ）data, used to organize the storage and processing of data by computer.问题1选项A.electricalB.artificialC.electronicD.genuine【答案】C【解析】形容词辨析题。electrical有关电的；artificial人造的；electronic电子的；genuine真实的，诚恳的。句意：计算机文件是电子数据的集合，用来组织计算机对数据的存储和处理。这里指电子数据，所以选项C正确。10.单选题Although many people view conflict as bad, conflict is sometimes useful （ ）it forces people to test the relative merits of their attitudes and behaviors.问题1选项A.by whichB.to whichC.in thatD.so that【答案】C【解析】考查语法结构。句意：虽然很多人认为冲突是不好的，但有时冲突是有用的，因为它迫使人们审视自己态度和行为的优缺点。by which和to which均引导定语从句；in that引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”；so that引导目的状语从句，表示“以便，所以”。根据句意可知，这里是原因状语从句，所以选项C正确。