初中英语语法梳理和提高——代词讲解试题

初中英语语法梳理和提高代词讲解试题（一）指示代词：this , that , these , those. this , that(1) this ,these一般指时间或空间上较近的人或物，而that ,those 指较远（2）前面刚刚提到过的东西，为避免重复，常用that, those 表示。 Im sorry to hear that.The weather in summer is much hotter than that in winter in Beijing.( 3)下文将要提到的事情， 可用these, this 表示， 起启下的作用。Tell the children to do like this: knock the stick into the earth first, then tie the tree to it.而that 表示前面所说的事物，有承接上文的作用。He was ill, That is why he didnt come to school that day.(4) this , that 用作电话用语。-Hello, is that Mary speaking?Yes, this is Mary speaking.(二)人称代词、物主代词和反身代词 1）人称代词：主格、宾格（作主语为主格， 作宾语为宾格; 介+宾格,动词+宾格。）eg. 1)I thank you )You thank me. 宾格可以作表语。特别是在口语中。-Whos that?- Its me. 注意：人称代词we, you, they 可以用来表示一般人。例如：You cannot go into the hall with slippers. 不准穿拖鞋进入大厅。人称代的主格作表语，一般都在正中的谈话中， 表示强调。It was he who took away the necklace. 是他拿走了那条项链。用she /he 可指代动物或使事物拟人化（人称代词she可以用指代祖国、大地、月亮、轮船等）。 例如：Its a very good cow, and she gives lots of milk.The ship is leaving. Shes on her first trip to Boston. We love our country, we hope shell be stronger and stronger.英语里当主语是并列的几个人时，人称代词的排列顺序是：you and I; you and he/she; you, he/she and I; we and you; we and they; you and they; we, you and they; he and she 通常I在最后， you 在最前；但是， 当受到批评或时承认错误时正好相反，I 在最前， you在最后。 You, he and I are all the winners.I, Li lei and you are wrong. We should do more for the project.It 的用法：it 通常用来代替事物或不知道性别的动物，有时也代替婴儿或年幼的孩子。Look at that child. It is very lovely. Who is it ?用在强调句中，没有实在意义。It is he that often helps me do my homework.整理为word格式It作为人称代词时，可以表示天气、距离、时间、季节、日期、温度等。 It is about 10 kilometres from here.It 还可用作形式主语或形式宾语，来代替由不定式，动词的-ing,形式或主语从句构成的真正的主语或宾语， 以避免句子头重脚轻。It is not easy to learn English well.It is good for you taking a walk after supper.I found it difficult to sleep.2）物主代词：形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。一变(mymine); 二留(hishis itsits)三加s(youryours ; ourours ; herhers ; theirtheirs)用法：有名不名，无名是名eg. This is _（我的）book. This book is _（我的）. my ; mine3）反身代词：某某自己；亲自单数复数yourselfyourselvesmyselfourselveshimselfthemselvesherselfitself反身代词的常见搭配：1.enjoy oneself 玩得高兴；过得愉快 2.hurt oneself 伤着自己3.teach oneself = learn by oneself 自学4.(all) by oneself （完全）独立地5.help oneself to 请自便；随便吃6.look after oneself 自理；照顾自己7.leave one by oneself 把单独留下8.lose oneself in 陶醉于；沉浸于9. introduce oneself 自我介绍10. dress oneself e to oneself（三）不定代词 1)some与any一般情况下，some用于肯定句，any用于否定句、疑问句（但表邀请、建议的问句中可用some此类句型常以could , would开头）条件状语从句中常用any. Eg: If you have any questions to ask, please put up your hands.any 用于肯定句中，表示任何。Any boy can do it.no = not any eg: I have no money.= I have not any money. 2) many + 可数 = a lot of : 许多much + 不可数 （但a lot of不能用于否定句） 整理为word格式3) few , a few ; little , a little表否定表肯定可数few(几乎没有)a few(几个；一些)不可数little(几乎没有)a little(一点儿少许).The story is easy to read. There are _ few _new words in it. .Hurry up! There is_ time left. little4)some , any, every, no, 与one, body, thing 等构成不定代词的用法：作主语时，谓语用单数合成不定代词的定语后置something important everyone / anyone 不加of every one 指人和物，可加ofEvery one of us wants to read the book. no one 不加 of 用单数none of 人，物No one knows him except me. None of them know(s) English. 5）other ,another , others单数复数泛指another三者以上的一个+单数定语主语、宾语othersomeothers特指onethe other一个另一个the others =the other+复名(另外的人或物) other，others，theother，theothers，another，any other，any others(1)other作形容词，通常用在单数或复数名词的前面，意为“别的；其他的；另外的”。 Ill come again some other day.我改日再来。 (2)others(=other+复数名词)泛指“部分”含义，用于已知的一些人或物中，除去某些后余下的人或物中的一部分。The students of Class Four are cleaning the classroom. Some are carrying water，others are sweeping the floor.四班的学生们在打扫教室。一些人在打水，另一些人在扫地。 (3)the other 表示已知的两个（或两部分）人或事物中，特指的“另一个”或“另一些”，其后可跟单数或复数名词。 I have two brothers. One is a doctor，and the other is a teacher. 我有两个兄弟。一位是医生，另一位是教师。 整理为word格式(4)the others(=theother+复数名词)指一定范围内除去一个或一部分后，“余下的人或物的全部”。This composition is better than the others.这篇作文比其他那些都好。 (5)another泛指不定数中（三者或三者以上）的“另一个”。another前面不能用定冠词the，它作为限定词（定语）通常与单数名词连用，但是它后面可以跟few或基数词的复数名词。This glass is broken，get me another please. 这只玻璃杯坏了，请给我再拿一个。 Ill stay here in another few days. 我要在这儿再呆几天。 注意：other和another都可以用来修饰数词，表示“另外的；附加的”，但是结构不同。other的位置是“数词+other+复数名词”，相当于more的用法；而another则是“another+数词+复数名词”。 今天下午我又写了两封信。 I wrote another two letters this afternoon. =I wrote two other letters this afternoon. =I wrote two more letters this afternoon. (6)any other表示一个之外的其它任何一个，而不是两个之中的另一个。 (7)any others 表示一些之外的其他一些。.We study _ subjects besides Chinese. .May I have _ apple ?.These cups are clean. _ are dirty. .I have two pens. One is red , _ is blue. other ; another ; others ; the others There are many people in the park now. Some are boating,_are walking along the lake. others There are forty-four students in ClassOne. Nineteen of them are boys, _are girls.the others另外注意：one another (三者以上的)相互 each other (两者的)相互We should learn from each other(说明we指两个人)They help one another (说明they指三个人以上) 相互代词后可以加s,表示所有关系。We put the presents in each others stocking. 6) 二者与三者复数单数单数二者both(neither(either(任何一个整理为word格式都)都不)三者all(都)none(都不)any(任何一个)注意：.both 否定 neither all 否定 none.both , all 不但作主语为复数，且被修饰的词也为复数；neither , none作主语为单数，但none of + 复名，neither of + 复名both坐同位语位置放在“系后动前”Her father and mother are both teachers in a middle school.They both teach English.( )1._ of my parents is a teacher. BA. None B. Neither C. Both D. All( )2.There are many trees on _ side of the river. C A. both B. any C. either D. all当all 作主语时，如果后有人称代词，必须在all 和人称代词之间加of, 如果后面是名词，那么可加可不加。All of them had a good time at Sues birthday party.All the rooms/ All of the rooms have been cleaned. A) both and 连接两个主语时, 谓语动词用复数. 同义词组:not only but also 反义词组: neither nor Not only you but also she likes watching TV. = _ you _ she like watching TVB) either or 或者或者, neithernor 既不也不 连接两个主语时, 谓语动词实行就近原则.Neither you nor he _ (be) right.One of Lily and Lucy is going to the park. = _ Lily _Lucy _ going to the park.C) either 也可用于否定句中的 “也”D) neither 也可表示 “ 也不” 句型: neither sb。 某人也不怎么样.If you dont go there, _ _ I. how many /how much 的回答:用none回答. Who 的回答:用no one 回答. What 的回答:用nothing 回答.How many students are there in the classroom? _. Who can answer the question? _. A. None B. No one C. Nothing every one / any one of整理为word格式7) each: (二者以上的)每个作主、宾、定,强调个体）every: (三者以上的)每个只作定语，强调主体）.Every /Each student in the class likes English.They each have a computer=Each of them has a computer.every + 序数词+ 单数可数名词every five days, every other dayevery + 基数词+复数可数名词 every fifth day8) one 与it One 与it 均可指代上文提到过的名词，以避免重复， ones代替前面提到的名词复数；it 指同类同物，one 指同类异物。 I lost my pen yesterday.I have to buy one today. Your photo is very beautiful.Would you show it to me?(四)疑问代词：用来构成特殊疑问句的代词叫疑问代词。常用的有：who, what, which, whose, whom， 作宾语： Who / Whom is your manager talking with?在口语中， 作宾语时 who和whom可以通用，但在介词后面只能用whom.例如：About whom they are talking just now?作定语： Which subject do you like best?作表语： Whats your mother.（ 五）关系代词（略）练习与巩固：熟能生巧，取得好成绩！一、用适当的代词填空1. Help _ to some ice cream, girls.2.He came up with an idea at last, the idea of _ was very good.3.Hurry, up, theres _ time left.4.There is hardly _ in the basket, its empty.5.Lili and Coco dont know _ address. Lili has never been to Cocos home and Coco has never been to Lilys home, either.6.He is _ a kind friend that _of us like him.7.He have two English novels, but he has read _ of them.9.You may take _ of them, theyre both good.10.Dont worry. _ goes well here.二、完成句子1.Theres two apples here, you can take _（任意一个）.2.Lisa has two daughters. _(没有一个喜欢)traveling.4.To say is _ (一回事), to do is _ (另一回事).5.They keep one black cat and _ (两只黑的).整理为word格式8._ (他们中很少有人) can talk in Chinese.9._ (没人) has been reached farther than the moon.10.We looked at _ (相互) in great surprise.Key: 一、1.yourselves 2.his 3.no 4.anything 5.each others 6.such,all 7.neither 8.another 9.either 10.everything 二、1.either 2.neither 4.one thing, another thing 5.two black ones 8.Few of them 9. No one /Nobody 10.each other代词练习( )1. _is she waiting for ? A. Why B. Whose C. Whom D. Which( ) 2. The boy has eaten two bananas already., but he wanted_. A. a few more B. few more C. a little more D. little more( ) 3. -I made the cake by_. Help_, Tom. -Thanks, Jane. A. ourselves, yourself B. myself, yourself C. myself, yourselves D. ourselves, yourselves( ) 4._a heavy rain last night. A. There had B. We had C. It was D. There is( ) 5.She can speak _English now. A. a little B. a few C. little D. few( ) 6. Would you like _to drink? A. anything B. everything C. nothing D. something( ) 7. On_sides of the street are a lot of colourful flowers. A. each B. both C. either D. all( ) 8. Is there_in todays newspaper? A. something interesting B. interesting something C. anything interesting D. interesting anything( ) 9. -Is David _classmate or_? -He is my classmate. A. our, their B. your, theirs C. her, they D. his, them( ) 10. There is _water in my glass. Will you please give me_?A.little, some B. few, any C. few, some D. little, a few( ) 11. -Can I get you a drink? - -Thats very nice of you. Ive already got _. A. it B. one C. that D. this整理为word格式( ) 12. -This skirt is much too large for me. Could you show me_one? -Certainly. Just a moment, please. A. other B. another C. others D. the other( ) 13. We went to travel with some friends of_. A. us B. ours C. our D. ourselves( ) 14. -_came to see you yesterday afternoon.-Who was_? A. Somebody, he B. Somebody , she C. Somebody, it D. Anybody, the one( ) 15. Is there any difference between your idea and_? A. he B. his C. she D. her( ) 16. The schools in Shanghai are different from_. A. those in Bejing B. that of Beijing C. Beijing D.Beijings students( ) 17. They found_interesting to climb hills. A. it B. those C. that D. this( ) 18. Is there anything_I can do for you in town? A. who B. that C. which D. whose( ) 19. _of you would like to go with us? A. Who B. Which C. All D. Both( ) 20. People usually put small presents in _stocking on Christmas Eve. A. each other B. each others C. each others D. each others( ) 21. Two foreigners are in the sitting room. One is Jack and_is Peter. A. other B. anothr C. one D. the other( ) 22. _have been to Paris. A. I, you and he B. He, you and I C. You, he and I D. You, he and me( ) 23. -When shall we meet again? -Well meet _day you like; its all the same to me. A. another B. one C. some D. any( ) 24. -Has Jack got the money? -Yes, I gave _yesterday. A. to him them B. to him it C. him them D. it to him( ) 25. All my calssmates are going to the Summer Palace except_.整理为word格式 A. he and I B. he and me C. him and I D. him and me( ) 26. There are twenty teachers in our school. Eight of them are men teachers and_are women teachers. A. others B. the others C. another D. other( ) 27. You cant leave your baby by _at home . A. herself B. himself C. itself D. yourself( ) 28. I dont know _English book it is.A. whose B. what C. where D. who( ) 29.- Turn off the TV,Betty,_is watching it. -oh,no. Mum. Im watching it now. A. somebody B. Nobody C. Everybody D. Anybody.( ) 30.There is a pen on the table.Pass_to me, please. A. this B. that C. it D. which( ) 31. He has one blue pen and two red_. A. ones B. those C. one D. ones( ) 32. The two of the students often help_.A. each other B. one another C. to each other D. for one another( ) 33. _of us has a new bag.A. Both B. Each C. Everyone D. All( ) 34. The population of China is much larger than _of England A. it B. this C. / D. that( ) 35. -Ive forgotten my bread.-Never mind, you can have_. A. some of us B. us some C. some of ours D. some of our( ) 36. There is something on the floor. Please_. A. pick up it B. pick it upC. pick up them D. pick them up( )37. I asked her for_ink, but she didnt have_. A. any, some B. any, any C. some, any D. some, some( ) 38. There is _in the bag. Its empty. A. nothing B. something C. anything D. somebody( ) 39. One should try_best to do things well if_wants to be successful. A. his, he B. his, one C. ones, one D. her, she( ) 40. -Is it going to rain?-I dont think_.整理为word格式A. it B. this C that D. so( ) 41. I dont like this shirt. So I want to see some_. A. other B. the other C. others D. another( ) 42.Paul has _friends except me, and sometimes he feels lonely. A. many B. some C. few D. more( ) 43. The police caught the man _stole my handbag. A. he B. that C. whom D. which( ) 44. -Do you live by yourself? -Yes. I have two sons. But _of them lives with me. They are now studying in America.A. neither B. both C. none D. either( )45. We couldnt buy anything because_of the shops opened at that time. A. all B. some C. any D. none( )46. _of them has a dictionary and_one of them can look up words in it.A. Each, every B. Every, each C. Every, every D. Each,each( ) 47. Yesterday I saw _enjoy_in the park. A. her, hers B. they, them C. she, herself D. them, themselves( ) 48. We usually do_homework in the evening. A. we B. ones C. me D. our( ) 49. -Who taught_English last term? Was _Mr.Smith? -No, Miss White did.A. us, it B. us, he C. our, it D. our, that( )50. Tom is stronger than _in his class. A. any students B. other student C. any other student D. any other stuents.答案：15 CABCA, 6-10 DBCBA, 11-15BBBCB, 16-20 AABBC, 21-25 DCDDD, 26-30 BCABC 31-35 DABDC, 3640 CCACD, 41-45 CCBAD, 46-50 ADDAD 友情提示：本资料代表个人观点，如有帮助请下载，谢谢您的浏览！ 整理为word格式