(江苏专版)2020版高考英语大二轮复习 专题3 阅读理解 第一节 细节理解题 一 事实细节题学案 牛津译林版

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专题3 阅读理解高考阅读理解要求考生在规定的时间内完成4篇不同体裁、题材的阅读理解题。考生不仅要能正确理解文章的表层意思,还要能通过表层意思合理地推断出文章的隐含意义。近几年阅读理解的命题已从对传统知识的掌握情况的考查转向对能力的考查,命题者更关注考生用英语获取信息的能力和处理相关信息的能力。为了帮助考生清楚地了解英语阅读理解题的情况,下面将具体分析近5年江苏卷英语阅读理解题的命题特点:近五年江苏卷阅读理解考情统计年份内容20192018201720162015体裁记叙文20010议论文11102应用文11111说明文02221题型细节理解题88795推理判断题44636主旨大意题22022词义猜测题11212由以上统计可看出,江苏卷对阅读理解的考查文体上以应用文、记叙文、说明文、议论文为主,题型以细节理解题、推理判断题为主,词义猜测题、主旨大意题较难,所占比例较少,命题很好地体现了“注重基础,体现层次,有利于选拔人才”的高考命题思想。一、阅读理解解题四步法第一步扫描题干,划关键定位词,区分题型和预测文章主要内容。第二步通读全文,抓住中心。1.通读全文,抓两个重点:(1)段中心句、核心概念常在第一段,常在首段出题。(2)其他各段的段首和段尾句。其他部分略读,有重点地读。2.抓住中心,用一分半时间思考3个问题:(1)文章叙述的主要内容是什么?(2)文章中有无提到核心概念?(3)作者的大致态度是什么?第三步仔细审题,返回原文。仔细看题干,把每道题和原文的某处建立联系,挂起钩。定位原则:1.通常是由题干出发,使用寻找关键词定位原则。(关键词:大写字母、地名、时间、数字等)2.自然段定位原则。出题的顺序与行文的顺序是基本一致的,一般每段对应一题。要树立定位意识,每一题、每一选项都要回到原文中某一处定位。第四步重叠选项,选出答案。1.通过题干返回原文:判断四个选项,抓住选项中的关键词,把选项定位到原文的某处比较,重叠选项,选出答案。2.做题练习要求:要有选一个答案的理由和其余三个不选的理由。二、研读答案特征1.正确答案的特征:(1)正确答案经常与中心思想有关。(2)正确答案的位置,最常见的三个位置是:段首段尾处、转折处、因果处。(3)正确答案经常运用的原则是:同义替换、正话反说和反话正说。(4)从语气角度来看,正确答案中经常含有不肯定的语气词和委婉表达的用词。如:can,may,might,possible,notnecessarily,some。(5)正确答案经常具有概括性、深刻性,不能只见树木不见森林。2.错误答案的特征:第一大层次:(1)无中生有。原文中未提及的概念;(2)正反混淆。选项的意思跟原文的意思正好相反;(3)答非所问。虽然选项的说法没有问题,符合原文,但和题干搭不上边。第二大层次:(1)过分绝对;(2)扩大范围(注意隐蔽型的扩大范围mostly);(3)因果倒置;(4)常识判断;(5)推得过远;(6)偏离中心。三、四大题型及对策(一)细节理解题细节理解题一般包括直接理解题(在原文中可直接找到答案,常用who,what,when,where,why和how等提问)、语义转化题(需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换,两者存在表达上的差异,有时需要进行加工或整理后方能得出结论)、数字计算题、排列顺序题等。细节理解题的正确选项通常有以下特征:1.再现原文;2.对原文进行改写;3.对原文中的复杂语言现象进行简化;4.正话反说、无中生有(适用于三正一误的是非题)。细节理解题的干扰项特点:1.文不对题。这类题最不容易辨别,选项中的描述与原文完全一致,确属原文中的一个细节,这时要回到题干,看该选项是否能回答题干所提的问题;2.偷换概念。符合常识,但不是文章的内容;3.无中生有。即选项内容是根据主观想象或推测得出的结论,而文中并未涉及;4.正误并存。信息部分正确,部分错误。(二)推理判断题题干中常含有以下词语:infer/imply/suggest/indicate/conclude/learn from。此类试题难度较大,但请记住一句做题基本原则“推理主题和细节”。意思是说推理题不是根据文章主题推理就是根据文章细节推理。一般来说,在一篇文章后的3或4道试题中,若该推理题出现在第一道和第四道,应该联系文章主题进行推理,也就是说要找到文章的主题句然后进行同义改写即可得到正确答案;若是该推理题出现在四道题的中间部分则是根据文章细节进行推理,按照细节题基本的细节定位原则也可以较快地解决问题。(三)主旨大意题题干中常含有以下词语:main idea/mainly/mainly discuss/mainly concerned/central/primary。主旨大意题最关键的就是把握主题句和主题词。主题词通常在文章中出现频率较高,往往会在第一段出现,且带有概括性。有的类型的文章没有明显的主题句,但可以通过找主题词的方法解决此类试题,主题词就是文中出现频率最高的一个单词,一般情况下为名词,记住一句话:主旨大意题的正确选项一定包含主题词!这样一来就很快可以排除若干干扰选项而一眼看出正确选项所在了。也可以运用逆向思维法、快速作文法:在两个选项看上去都十分正确无法选择时,试着从选项出发,想象一下如果自己以此选项来写文章会有哪些内容,然后把它与文章的内容比较,接近的即为正确选项。归纳主题容易出现以下三种错误:1.以偏概全。即只抓住了主题的一个侧面就误以为是主题;2.过于笼统。即归纳的主题太泛,与细节脱节或是没有对细节加以充分论证;3.把观点强加给作者。读者往往根据自己的常识对文章进行判断而忽视了作者的见解。(四)词句猜测题词句猜测题的难度深浅不一,但究其根源,无非两种基本解题方法:联系上下文和构词法。联系上下文就是看相邻的两句话或者是一句话内部主句和从句之间的关系,是同义延伸还是反义驳斥,找到句子之间的关系后再找相应位置单词(或句子)的同义词或反义词就易如反掌了。构词法则是根据一个较难单词的词根、前后缀或是词组的后接介、副词分析出该单词或词组的大概含义,然后对照四个选项找出最接近的一个答案。(以上四种题型将在第二节分类突破中有详细讲解和具体练习。)第一节细节理解题一、事实细节题(2017江苏,A)语篇解读本文是一篇应用文。文中作者向读者推荐了一本有关历史的书并介绍了其相关信息。56.WhatisCHRONOLOGICAaccordingtothetext?A.Abiography.B.Atravelguide.C.Ahistorybook.D.Asciencefiction.答案C解析细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“WhileCHRONOLOGICAtellsthestories.thisbookalsogives.”可知CHRONOLOGICA是一本书,再根据文章开头所说的这是一次穿越时间的迷人旅行(afascinatingjourneythroughtime)可判断这是一本历史书。故选C项。57.HowdoesthewriterrecommendCHRONOLOGICAtoreaders?A.Bygivingdetailsofitscollection.B.Byintroducingsomeofitscontents.C.Bytellingstoriesatthebeginning.D.Bycomparingitwithotherbooks.答案B解析细节理解题。通读文章可知,作者提到了这本书的部分内容罗马的建立,因特网的缔造,罗马皇帝及百年战争等。故选B项。一、题型解读事实细节题常以应用文的形式出现在考题中,涉及的话题有:广告类,活动安排类,书籍电影介绍类,演出信息类等。设问方式以5W1H(what,who,when,where,why和how)等开头的特殊疑问句。二、解题技巧题干定位,寻找信息题干定位法是做事实细节题最基本的也是最常用的方法。事实细节题主要考查对某句话或某几句话的理解,可根据题干内容从原文中找到相关的句子,然后进行比较和分析,便可以确定最佳答案。“题干定位法”分为三步:第一步:先通过题干信息来选择定位词。定位词主要是题干中的名词、动词和数词等,即问题的核心信息。例如上面【真题感悟】中的第56题题干中的定位词为CHRONOLOGICA。第二步:在原文中查找定位词或定位词的相关信息,找出相关的句子。例如上面【真题感悟】中的第56题,我们在原文中找到“CHRONOLOGICAisafascinatingjourneythroughtime”及“CHRONOLOGICA is an informative and entertaining tour into history.While CHRONOLOGICAtellsthestories.thisbookalsogives”等句子。第三步:分析句子和选项,得出正确答案。例如上面【真题感悟】中的第56题,分析句子和选项可知C项正确。AOldFallsMoviesJune28thBeauty & the BeastDisneysclassictakesonanewform,withawidenedfairytaleandanall-starcast.Ayoungprince,1imprisonedintheformofabeast,canbefreedonlybytruelove.WhatmaybehisonlyopportunityarriveswhenhemeetsBelle,theonlyhumangirltoevervisitthecastlesincehisbeingturnedintoabeast.July12thThe Emoji(表情)MovieTheEmojiMovie2unlocksasecretworldinsideyoursmartphone.11HiddenwithinthemessagingappisTextopolis,acitywhereallyourfavoriteemojislivewithonlyonefacialexpressionexceptGenewhohasmultipleexpressions.Determinedtobecome“normal”liketheotheremojis,GeneasksHi-5andJailbreaktohelpthroughtheappsonthephonetofindtheCodethatwillfixhim.July19thJumanji:Welcome to the JungleInanewJumanjiadventure,fourkidsdiscoveranoldvideogameandare7drawnintothegamesjunglesetting,becomingtheadultavatars(化身).Tobeatthegameandreturntotherealworldalive,theyllhavetofindamapandchangethewaytheythinkaboutthemselvesortheyllbe6stuckinthegameforever.August9thPeter RabbitPeterRabbit,histhreesistersandtheircousinBenjaminenjoytroublingMrMcGregorinhisvegetablegardenuntilhedies.WhenoneofMrMcGregorsrelativesmovesin,hefindsmuchmorethanhe3bargainedfor.Whatfollowsisabattleof9willsbetweenthenewMrMcGregorandtherabbits.However,somethinghappensandhisfeelingstowardsthembegintochange.1.Whencantheaudienceseeafilmabouttruelove?A.OnJuly19th.B.OnJune28th.C.OnAugust9th.D.OnJuly12th.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句“Ayoungprince,imprisonedintheformofabeast,canbefreedonlybytruelove.”可知,美女和野兽是一部关于真爱的电影,上映日期是6月28日,故B项正确。2.HowisGenespecial?A.Helivesinasecretworldalone.B.Hecanhelpothersthroughanapp.C.Heisthefavoriteemojioftheworld.D.Hehasmorethanonefacialexpression.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句“HiddenwithinthemessagingappisTextopolis,acitywhereallyourfavoriteemojislivewithonlyonefacialexpressionexceptGenewhohasmultipleexpressions.”可知,吉恩的特别之处在于他有多种面部表情,故D项正确。3.Whatshouldadventurersdotowininthegame?A.Dressupasadults.B.Discoveranoldvideogame.C.Drawamapaboutthejungle.D.Thinkaboutthemselvesdifferently.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句“Tobeatthegameandreturntotherealworldalive,theyllhavetofindamapandchangethewaytheythinkaboutthemselvesortheyllbestuckinthegameforever.”可知,要想游戏通关,活着回到现实世界,冒险者们必须要改变对自己的看法,故D项正确。BTheGreatWall,ChinaStretchingover21,000kilometers,theGreatWallwasbuilttopreventinvasionsandhasahistoryofmorethan2,000years.UNESCOinFebruary2019callsitanabsolutemasterpiece,notonlybecauseoftheambitiouscharacteroftheundertakingbutalsotheperfectionofitsconstruction.Butperfectionisntprotection.51.2percentoftheGreatWalleitherhashadalreadydisappearedorisata8significantriskofdisappearing.Besidesforwindandrainerosion,themainreasonsforthe4destructionoftheGreatWallarehumanfactorssuchastourism,construction,humancontactandsoon.Pamukkale,TurkeyPamukkale,whichmeans“cottoncastle”inTurkish,isfamousforitsshiningwhitecalciteterraces(方解石阶地) withwarmandmineral-richwatersflowing.Before5beinglistedasaWorldHeritageSitein1988,Pamukkalehadbeenseverelydamagedbyhumanactivities.Peopleusedhotspringwatertofillswimmingpools,somevisitorsstoodontherocksandsomeevenbathedinthehotspringswithsoapandshampoo.Toprotecttheterraces,theTurkishgovernmenthasdecidedtopulldownthehotelsandrequirealltouriststovisitthissitebarefoot.GreatBarrierReef,AustraliaHometo400typesofcoraland1,500speciesoffish,theGreatBarrierReefdrawsvisitorstoAustraliafromallovertheworld.12However,theGreatBarrierReefisexpectedtosufferfromincreasinglyfrequentbleachingevents,10casesinwhichcoralsturnwhiteandmaydie,accordingtoaUNESCOreport.Theheatwavescausedbyglobalwarminghavekilledhalfofthecoralhereinthetwoyears,accordingtoaCNNreport.Pollutionfromindustrydevelopmentsandharmfulfishingpracticesarealsobigconcerns.TheDeadSea,JordanAt423metersbelowsealevel,theDeadSeais10timessaltierthantheocean,meaningthatthewaterissodense,eventouristswhocantswimwillbeabletofloat.Buttheseasideresortsbuiltinthe1980snowsitkilometersawayfromthewatersedge,whichhaslosthalfofitssurfaceareainthepast40years.Thedamageisirreversibleduetothenatureofthemineralindustryandthetypeofagriculturalusethathasdrainedthewater.语篇解读这是一篇应用文,介绍了中国的长城、土耳其的棉花城堡、澳大利亚的大堡礁以及约旦的死海这四个著名旅游景点遭到破坏的情况。4.Whichareyourequiredtovisitwithoutshoes?A.TheGreatWall,China.B.Pamukkale,Turkey.C.GreatBarrierReef,Australia.D.TheDeadSea,Jordan.答案B解析细节理解题。由第四段的最后一句“Toprotecttheterraces,theTurkishgovernmenthasdecidedtopulldownthehotelsandrequirealltouriststovisitthissitebarefoot.”中的barefoot(赤脚的)可知,B项符合题意。5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.MainreasonsforthedestructionoftheGreatWallcomefromwindandrainerosion.B.Pamukkalewasdamagedbyhumanactivitiesafter1988.C.PollutionandtheheatwavescausedbyglobalwarmingkillmuchcoralintheGreatBarrierReef.D.HalfoftheDeadSeasurfaceareahasdisappearedinthepasttwodecades.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第六段最后两句“Theheatwavescausedbyglobalwarminghavekilledhalfofthecoralhereinthetwoyears,accordingtoaCNNreport.Pollutionfromindustrydevelopmentsandharmfulfishingpracticesarealsobigconcerns.”可知C项正确。6.Whatdotheabovespotshaveincommon?A.Theyareallfamousendangerednaturalspots.B.Theyredamagedonlybyhumanactivities.C.Theyalldrawtheattentionofthegovernments.D.Theyreallseriouslydamaged.答案D解析推理判断题。综观全文,四个景点中并非全部是naturalspot(自然景点),如长城,故可排除A项;这些景点遭到破坏并非全都是因为人类活动,还有自然原因,故排除B项;文中只提及了棉花城堡的破坏引起了政府关注,故排除C项。.障碍词汇突破(一)阅读下列句子,并根据句意猜测画线部分的意思1.Becauseoftherobberyheconducted,hewasimprisoned.v.监禁2.Inthenewtypeofhouse,thereisasmartlockthatcanunlockthefrontdoorwhenthehomeownerisnearbythemobilephone.v.解锁3.Hebargainedwithhiswife,“YoutakecareofthechildrenandIllcook.”v.商讨条件4.Manypeopleareveryconcernedaboutthedestructionoftherainforests,whosedisappearanceispartlycausedbyhumanactivities.n.毁坏,破坏5.ZhoukoudianwaslistedasaworldheritagesiteinDecember1987.被列为(二)同义词语替换6.Duringtheearthquake,peoplemaygetstuckinsideformorethananhourbeforebeingrescued.trapped7.Herbeautifulvoiceinheronlinevideo,whichamazeseveryone,hasdrawnmillionsoffans.attracted8.Afterdaysofhardwork,yourprojecthasshownasignificantimprovement.great/noticeable(三)一词多义9.will(助动词)将来;(情态动词)(表示愿意)愿,要,会n.意志;决心;遗嘱(1)Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.n.意志,决心(2)Honestlyspeaking,Iwillsparenoefforttosupportyouwhateverthesituation.(情态动词)会(3)Attachedtohiswillwasaletterhehadwrittentohiswifejustdaysbeforehisdeath.n.遗嘱(4)Astimegoesby,hewillbedevotingmoretimetowriting,broadcastingandlecturing.(助动词)将来10.casen.情况;事实;案例;病例;伤员;盒子(1)Thereisamisbeliefthatpop-corniscalorie-free,butthatisnotthecase.n.事实(2)Theseideascanbetrueincertaincases,butverywronginothers.n.情况(3)Toattractmorevisitors,themuseumdisplayedtheexhibitionsinglasscases.n.盒子(4)Judgingfromthewholeprocess,itwasatypicalcaseofbadmanagement.n.案例(5)Fortunately,themostseriouscasesweretreatedatthesceneoftheaccident.n.伤员.长难句理解11.HiddenwithinthemessagingappisTextopolis,acitywhereallyourfavoriteemojislivewithonlyonefacialexpressionexceptGenewhohasmultipleexpressions.句式分析本句是一个主从复合句。主句为HiddenwithinthemessagingappisTextopolis,是一个完全倒装句。主语是Textopolis,acity作其同位语,后面的where引导的是定语从句,修饰先行词acity。后面的who引导的是定语从句,修饰先行词Gene。精美译文隐藏在短消息应用程序中的是文字大都市。在这个城市中,你喜欢的表情包们都只有一个表情表情丰富的吉恩除外。12.However,theGreatBarrierReefisexpectedtosufferfromincreasinglyfrequentbleachingevents,casesinwhichcoralsturnwhiteandmaydie,accordingtoaUNESCOreport.句式分析本句是一个主从复合句。主句为theGreatBarrierReefisexpectedtosufferfromincreasinglyfrequentbleachingevents。其中expect意为“预计”,而不是“期望”。cases是bleachingevents的同位语,后面的inwhich引导的是定语从句,等于关系副词where。精美译文然而,根据联合国教科文组织的一份报告,大堡礁预计将遭受越来越频繁的白化现象,即珊瑚虫变白并可能死亡。强化练(十六).单项填空1.Withpeoplepayingattentiontofitness,self-servicemini-gyms,eachcoveringabout5squaremeters,inChinasmajorcitiestheseyears.(2019苏锡常镇四市高三联考)A.havesprungupB.sprangupC.hadsprungupD.springup答案A解析句意为:近年来,随着人们对健身的关注,面积约5平方米的自助迷你健身房如雨后春笋般在中国各大城市兴起。根据theseyears“这些年”可知,句子应用现在完成时态,故答案为A。2.yougivemeatrial,Iwilldomybesttoaffordyoueverysatisfaction.(2019江苏江都、华罗庚等中学联考)A.MayB.CanC.ShouldD.Shall答案C解析句意为:如蒙试用,本人将尽最大努力工作,争取诸事满意。根据句意可知此处表示如果让我试一试,should位于条件句的句首,表示一种语气较强的虚拟或假设状态,翻译成“假如”,故C项正确。3.TheChineseEmbassydidntdirectlysolvemyproblem,butIfeltthankfulthatitmesomeadviceatleast.A.hadofferedB.wouldofferC.offersD.offered答案D解析句意为:中国大使馆没有直接解决我的问题,但是我感激至少它给了我一些建议。根据didnt判断“中国大使馆没有直接解决我的问题”是过去发生的事情,因此推断“给我一些建议”也是过去发生的事情,故选D。4.Ivegivenupsmokingalready,darling.Youshouldhavetakenthedoctorsadviceyearsago.,anyway.A.BetterlatethanneverB.ItseasiersaidthandoneC.Nopain,nogainD.Wellbegunishalfdone答案A解析Betterlatethannever亡羊补牢,迟做总比不做好;Itseasiersaidthandone说起来容易做起来难;Nopain,nogain不劳无获;Wellbegunishalfdone好的开端是成功的一半。句意为:亲爱的,我已经放弃吸烟了。多年前你就该听医生的建议。不管怎样,迟做总比不做好。根据句意可知答案为A。5.Sustainabledevelopmentisallaboutcreatingbetterhealthcare,education,housingandimprovedstandardoflivingforeveryone,whichisasimpleidea,ishardtoputintopractice.(2019海安县高三期末)A.oneB.theoneC.onethatD.that答案C解析句意为:可持续发展就是要为每个人创造更好的医疗、教育、住房和提高生活水平,这是一个简单的想法,但很难付诸实践。分析句子结构可知,one作asimpleidea的同位语,而one后是由that引导的定语从句,that指代先行词one在定语从句中作主语,故C项正确。6.Hisconflictedwiththatoftheotherwitnessesandyethisstoryhad,forme,theringoftruth.(2019如东中学高三期末)A.expectationB.instructionC.responseD.account答案D解析句意为:他的叙述与其他目击者讲的有矛盾。然而在我看来,他所说的有可能是真的。expectation期望;instruction指示;response回应;account陈述。由“yethisstory”可知,account符合句意。故D选项正确。7.TheSpringFestivalisthetimeofyearthatthelargestannualmassmigrationontheplanetwhenonesixthoftheworldspopulationhome.A.willsee;travelsB.saw;wastravellingC.willbeseeing;willbetravellingD.sees;travel答案D解析句意为:每年的春节都见证着这个星球上一场年度最大规模的迁徙,在那个时候,全球人口的六分之一旅行回家。see“见证”,作定语从句中的谓语,that指代先行词thetimeofyear,先行词是第三人称单数,与谓语动词see是主动关系,句子讲述客观事实用一般现在时,故第一空填sees;分数或者百分数修饰名词作主语,谓语动词与所修饰的名词保持人称和数的一致,根据语境可知,population在此处表示“人口”,是复数,故第二空填travel。故选D。8.Atthattimetheycouldnotproducecomputer,letalonehigh-gradeones.A.normalB.ordinaryC.popularD.public答案B解析normal正常的;ordinary普通的;popular受欢迎的;public公众的。根据句意和high-grade可知答案是B。9.WhenPaulforthefinalgameofthebasketballseason,hisfansletoutshoutsofcry.A.madeupB.showedupC.caughtupD.heldup答案B解析句意为:当保罗出现在篮球赛季的最后一场比赛上时,他的粉丝们爆发出叫喊声。makeup组成,编造;showup到场,出现;catchup赶上;holdup举起,阻碍。故B选项正确。10.Hesquite,butIcantimaginehimaspresidentofsuchalargelistedcompany.A.enthusiasticB.generousC.competentD.sympathetic答案C解析enthusiastic热情的;generous慷慨的;competent有能力的;sympathetic同情的。句意为:他很有能力,但我无法想象他会成为这么大的上市公司的总裁。故选C。.阅读理解A(2019江苏五校高三联考)NewYorkCity.FreelanceTheKidPassblogiscreatedbycontributionsfromawesomefreelancewriterswhoworkfromhome,andareexcitedtosharetheirexperiencesandrecommendationsforkidsactivitiesaroundNewYorkCity! KidPassisflexible,soitallowsparentslikeustospendmoretimewiththeirkidsandworkfromhomeoranywheretheylike,whilebuildingagreatresourceofrecommendationsforotherparents.Wearehiringfreelancewriterswhocancontributearticlestoourblog.Wepayyouforeacharticlethatweacceptorapprovestartingat$20forshortarticlesand$100forlongerarticleswithoriginalresearch,photos,andvideos.Ifyouenjoybeingaparent“intheknow”,researchingnewkidsactivitiesonline,orgoingaroundyourneighborhoodtovisitnewkidscentres,indoorplayspaces,events,orclasses,thenKidPasscouldbegreatforyou!Aboutyou:*Possessafriendly,confidentwritingstyle.*Workfromwhereveryouwant.*Abletoexplorekidsclassesandactivitiesinyourneighborhood.*Takephotosandvideosifyouareinterestedinwritinglongerresearchpiecesforus.*Promptincommunication,responsibleandabletomeetdeadlines.Toapply,pleasesubmitthefollowing:*Twowritingsamplesthathavenotbeenpublishedelsewhereandnotbeencopied.*Foronesample,pleaseincludealist/round-upoffivelocalkidsclassesforacertainagegroupinyourneighborhood.*Forthesecondsample,pleaseincludeasinglereviewofoneofthekidsclasses/activitiesandincludepictures.*Submitthesebyemailandincludeabriefintroductiontoyourself.语篇解读本文是一篇应用文。KidPass的博客是由一些优秀的自由撰稿人创作的,他们都是在家工作的,他们非常乐意分享自己的经历和对纽约市儿童活动的建议。文章主要告诉我们该博客对自由撰稿人的要求。11.WhatdoweknowabouttheKidPassblog?A.Ithasalottodowithchildrensactivities.B.Itoffersmuchadviceonhowtoraisekids.C.Itteachesparentstodesignkidsgamesonline.D.Itencouragesparentstoaccompanytheirkidsmore.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知,关于KidPass博客我们知道它和孩子们的活动有很大关系。故选A。12.Thepassagemainlyinformsusof.A.thehistoryoftheKidPassblogB.thetipsonwritinggoodarticlesonlineC.theimportanceofcommunicatingwithkidsD.therequirementsofworkingasafreelancewriter答案D解析推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Wearehiringfreelancewriterswhocancontributearticlestoourblog.”和下文内容“Aboutyou.Toapply,submitthefollowing.”可知,这篇文章主要告诉我们TheKidPassblog对自由撰稿人的要求。故选D。B(2019江苏七市高三二调)LondonZooSetintheheartofRegentsPark,LondonZooprovidesagreatdayoutwithafamilyfriendlyatmosphere.Ithasbeenentertainingvisitorsofallageswithacollectionofover80,000animalsaswellassomefantasticshowsandinteractiveexperiencesforover150years.Fromtheclassicpenguinfeedingtimetotheinsightfultalksheldinanauthenticlivingrainforestwhereisreallysomethingforeveryonetoenjoy.Therearefunandgamesinthekidszoneincludingarangeofspecialexhibitsdesignedtobeasinformativeastheyareexciting.Childrenarefreetoexploreatreetopvillage,asecretundergroundworldandthe“TouchZone”whichprovidesasafeenvironmentforthemtointeractwithalloftheirfavouritecreatures.ThereissomuchtodoatLondonZoothatyoumaystruggletofititallintooneday! Yourticketincludespriorityentryaccessatnoextracostgivingyoumoretimetoseeoneofthecityspremierattractions.ImportantInformation*DisabledAccess:Wheelchairaccessisavailablethroughoutthepark;however,astheZoocontainsalotoflistedbuildingssomehaveminorrestrictions.*Parkingspacesubjectto(取决于) availability.OnlyvalidinconjunctionwithapaidforZooentryticket.*Lastadmissionisonehourbeforeclosingtime.*Someanimalexhibitsmaycloseupto30minutesbeforeclosingtime.语篇解读本文为一则广告。文章是一则关于伦敦动物园的广告,介绍了其特色和一些重要信息。13.Accordingtotheadvertisement,LondonZoo.A.providesanidealplaceforfamiliestoholdtalksinanrainforestB.combinesentertainmentandinteractiveexperienceswithcreaturesC.offersunlimitedaccesstopremierattractionswithalittlemorechargeD.caterstothecuriosityofchildrenwithguidedexplorationandinteractions答案B解析细节理解题。根据LondonZoo部分的第二段中的“Therearefunandgamesinthekidszoneincludingarangeofspecialexhibits.Childrenarefreetoexplore.whichprovidesasafeenvironmentforthemtointeractwithalloftheirfavoritecreatures.”可知,这里分别对应着可以找到娱乐和可以与生物互动的项目,因此答案选B;D项也出现了类似的内容,但是这里没有出现guided,因此错误。故B选项正确。14.Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethat.A.visitorswillbeadmittedtothezooattheirconvenienceB.driversshallgetaparkingspacewithapaidentryticketC.latecomersmaymisssomeoftheanimalexhibitsD.wheelchairuserscanhaveaccesstoanybuilding答案C解析推理判断题。根据ImportantInformation部分中的“Someanimalexhibitsmaycloseupto30minutesbeforeclosingtime.”可推知,来得晚的人有可能看不到一些动物展览了。故C选项正确。.任务型阅读(2019盐城实验高中高三模拟)Abriefcourseofbrainexerciseshelpedolderadultsholdontoimprovementsinreasoningskillsandprocessingspeedthatcouldbedetectedaslongas10yearsafterthecourseended,accordingtoresultsfromthelargeststudyeverdoneoncognitivetraining.Thefindings,publishedonMondayintheJournaloftheAmericanGeriatricsSociety,offerwelcomenewsinthesearchforwaystokeepthemindsharpas76millionbabyboomersintheUnitedStatesadvanceintooldage.Thefederally-sponsoredtrialofalmost3,000olderadults,calledtheAdvancedCognitiveTrainingforIndependentandVitalElderlystudy(ACTIVE),lookedathowthreebraintrainingprogramsfocusingonprocessingspeed,memoryandreasoningabilityaffectedcognitivelynormaladultsastheyaged.Peopleinthestudyhadanaverageageof74whentheystartedthetraining,whichinvolved10to12sessionslasting60to75minuteseach.Thetrainingcoursewasdesignedtoimprovespecificcognitiveabilitiesthatbegintodeclineaspeopleage.Itdidnotaimtopreventdementia(痴呆) causedbyunderlyingdiseasesuchasAlzheimers.Afterfiveyears,researchersfoundthatthosewiththetrainingperformedbetterthantheiruntrainedcounterpartsinallthreemeasures.Althoughgainsinmemoryseenatthestudysfive-yearmarkappearedtodropoffoverthenextfiveyears,gainsinreasoningabilityandprocessingspeedlasted10yearsafterthetraining
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