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必修5Unit 5First aid李仕才一、阅读理解Friendship is one of the basic bonds between human beings. While the characteristics of friendship might vary from one country to another, people from all cultures not only enjoy friends but need them.Many studies have shown that teenagers who have no friends often suffer from psychological disorders. It has been shown that teenagers, perhaps more than any other age group, need companionship and a sense of belonging. The negative consequences of loneliness have also been observed among the elderly. The death of a spouse often leaves a widow or a widower totally bereft. If, however, they are surrounded by friends and relatives and if they are able to express their feelings, they are more likely to recover from their grief.“No man is an island.” In other words, we are all parts of society. We all need the love, admiration, respect and moral support of other people. If we are fortunate, our friends will provide us with all of these necessary aspects of life.As most people observe, there are many levels of friendship. The degree or intensity of friendship varies depending on the personality of the individuals involved and the context of the relationships. Outgoing persons enjoy being surrounded by many people whereas shy persons are perhaps content with fewer but more intense friendships.Everyone is not equally open with all their friends. The degree of closeness is determined by many factors. Close friends can be formed at any stage in ones life but they are usually very rare. Not very many people have more than a few really close friends. Regardless of the level of closeness, all friendships are based on reciprocity (互惠), honesty and a certain amount of love and affection.1.Who are more likely to suffer from psychological disorders without friends?A. Teenagers.B. Adults.C. The elderly.D.A couple.2.What does the sentence “No man is an island” really mean?A. No man is willing to live on an island.B. Man usually doesnt go to an islandC. Everyone is related with our society.D. Our society is just like an island.3.What can we learn about outgoing people?A. They like being alone.B. They are fond of making friends.C. They have intense friendships.D. They have fewer close friends indeed4.What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?A. The formation of close friends.B. The number of real friends.C. Honesty, love and affection.D. Factors to determine the degree of closeness.【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。主要讨论讲述的是友谊的重要性。不论是青少年还是老年人，都需要朋友的陪伴。没有人是孤立的，每个人都是社会的一部分，都需要他人的爱、陪伴和关心。人人需要友谊，需要归属感。1.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段首句“Many studies have shown that teenagers who have no friends often suffer from psychological disorders.”可知，没有朋友的青少年更可能遭受精神疾病。故选A。3.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段尾句“Outgoing persons enjoy being surrounded by many people whereas shy persons are perhaps content with fewer but more intense friendships.”可在，外向的人喜欢交朋友。故选B。4.D 【解析】段落大意题。通读最后一段可知，本段讲述亲密程度是由许多因素决定的，不管亲密程度如何，友谊都是建立在互惠，真诚，爱和情感的基础上的。二、完形填空Jake Olson lost his left eye when he was eight months old because of a born cancer. _1_ it was controlled through treatments, it reappeared and _2_ the loss of his right eye. But after years of cheering for his favorite football team, Jake has _3_ the impossible dream. Hes now a part of the team, despite his total _4_， playing the game not based on sight but on _5_.Being a _6_ fan of the USC Trojans, one of Jakes last _7_ before he lost his eye was to watch the team play at Notre Dame. His strong liking for the sport didnt go _8_ former USC coach Pete reached the boy, inviting him to meet the _9_.Inspired by those players, Jake hoped to be _10_ in his schools football team. At first he didnt think he would be of any real _11_， but when he heard peoples cheers for football players, his love for football strengthened. So Jake _12_ the coach, asking to join the team. The coach told him to _13_ the next season. So Jake spent his time practicing hard. _14_， he became a starter on the team in the next season. Having made his high school football team, it didnt seem too _15_ to do the same in college. Coach Steve agreed that Jake _16_ the requirements of the team. So Jakes dream came true. _17_ football, Jake is also a motivational speaker. “I went into football with the thought that I had nothing to _18_ ，” Jake said, “I really had no fear. Going through _19_ in life does make you stronger. Lifes unfair, but its _20_ me not to give up and keep fighting.” 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。Jake Olson双目失明，但这并没有阻止他对运动的热爱。他是高中和大学橄榄球队的队员，并且他还是一位励志演讲人。1A.Unless BThoughCOnly if DNow that答案与解析：B根据下文的“it was controlled through treatments, it reappeared.”可知，此处指尽管(Though)经过治疗，癌症被控制住了，但是它还是复发了，并导致(led to) Jake Olson失去了他的右眼。主从句之间存在让步关系，故选Though。2A.backed off Bheld backCbroke down Dled to答案与解析：D参见上题解析。back off“退缩，退却”；hold back“抑制，阻止”；break down“出故障，崩溃。”3A.forgotten BquittedCrealized Dignored答案与解析：C但是，在为他最喜欢的橄榄球队加油多年之后，Jake实现了(realized)那个不可能的梦。下文中的“Jakes dream came true”亦是提示。forget“忘记”；quit“放弃”；ignore“忽视”。4A.blindness BabsenceCdeafness Dinnocence答案与解析：A根据上文中的“lost his left eye”“the loss of his right eye”可知，此处指尽管Jake双目失明( blindness)，但他现在成了球队的一员。absence“缺席”；deafness“聋”。5A.ability BguessCfeel Dimagination答案与解析：C根据上文提到的Jake双目失明的内容可知，此处指的应是他打球靠的不是视力而是感觉(feel)。ability“能力”；guess“猜测”；imagination“想象”。6A.responsible BfaithfulCcareful Dtemporary答案与解析：B根据语境及上文的“years of cheering for his favorite football team”可知，此处指作为USC Trojans球队的忠实粉丝，Jake在失去视力之前最后的愿望(wishes)之一是观看球队在Notre Dame的比赛。responsible“负责任的”；faithful“忠实的”；careful“细心的”；temporary“临时的”。7A.chances BpromisesCcourses Dwishes答案与解析：D参见上题解析。8A.unnoticed BunsolvedCunreported Dunlimited答案与解析：A根据下文的“former USC coach Pete reached the boy, inviting him to.”可知，此处指Jake对运动的热爱并不是不被注意的。unnoticed“未被注意的，被忽视的”；unsolved“未解决的”；unreported“未报道的”；unlimited“无限制的，无条件的”。9A.leaders BplayersCfans Dcoaches答案与解析：B根据语境及上文提到的Jake是球队的忠实粉丝以及想观看球队的比赛的内容可知，此处应是指教练Pete邀请Jake跟球员们(players)见面。下文中的“Inspired by those players”是关键的提示信息。10A.occupied BinvolvedCtrapped Dabsorbed答案与解析：B受到那些球员们的鼓舞，Jake希望自己能加入学校的橄榄球队。be involved in是固定搭配，意为“参与，参加”。be occupied in“忙于”；be trapped in“被困在”；be absorbed in“全神贯注于”。11A.interest BhopeCuse Dconcern答案与解析：C此处指尽管Jake想加入学校的橄榄球队，但是因为自身有残疾，Jake最初觉得自己加入球队并不会有什么实际的用处(use)。12A.approached BappreciatedCrecognized Dgreeted答案与解析：A因此，Jake找了教练，请求加入球队。approach“靠近，接洽”；appreciate“感激，欣赏”；recognize“认出，认可”。13A.pull through Bset outCleave off Dcome back答案与解析：D根据下文的“the next season. he became a starter on the team in the next season”可知，此处指教练叫Jake下个赛季再回来。pull through“痊愈，康复”；set out“动身踏上”；leave off“停止”；come back“回来，返回”。14A.Gradually BFinallyCRecently DAccidentally答案与解析：B所以Jake花时间刻苦练习，最后，在下个赛季，他成了球队的上场球员。gradually“逐渐地”；finally“最后，终于”；recently“最近”；accidentally“偶然地，意外地”。15A.difficult BaccessibleCattractive Dnecessary答案与解析：A根据上文的“Having made his high school football team”可知，因为有了高中的球队经历，成为大学球队的队员似乎也不是太难。difficult“困难的”；accessible“可接近的”；attractive“吸引人的”；necessary“必要的”。16A.refreshed BcompletedCsatisfied Dacquired答案与解析：C根据句中的“Coach Steve agreed”及下文中的“So Jakes dream came true”可知，此处指Steve觉得Jake达到了球队的要求，因此Jake加入大学球队的梦想实现了。refresh“更新”；complete“完成”；satisfy“满足”；acquire“获得”。17A.Apart from BInstead ofCRegardless of DExcept for答案与解析：A根据下文的“Jake is also a motivational speaker”可知，除了打橄榄球之外，Jake 也是一位励志演讲人。apart from“除之外(还有)”；instead of“而不是”；regardless of“不管”；except for “除之外”。18A.share BloseCoffer Ddesire答案与解析：B根据语境及下文的“I really had no fear”可知，此处指Jake起初是带着自己没有任何可失去(lose)的东西的想法开始打橄榄球的。19A.failures BchallengesCcompetitions Dfears答案与解析：BJake身有残疾，所以要面对许多生活中的挑战(challenges)，而这也使他变得更加坚强。failure“失败”；competition“竞争”；fear“恐惧”。20A.warned BbeggedCconvinced Dtaught答案与解析：D根据上文内容可知，此处指的是生活是不公平的，但它告诉Jake不要放弃，要坚持下去。warn“警告”；beg“乞求”；convince“说服”；teach“使明白”。三、七选五(2018合肥市高三第三次教学质量检测)What Type of College Is Right for You?When deciding what college to apply for, you may feel stressed about what type of campus you want to live in and study on._1_ Do you want to know everybody at your school, or are you looking for more of a college town experience where you meet new people every day?_2_ Are you looking for a liberal arts (文科) school or a more STEM (science, technology, engineering and maths) focused college? Maybe you want to attend a school more specific to what you may want to do in the future, like a music or artbased school. Another aspect or factor influencing your decision is the kinds of activities the college offers._3_ Once you start collecting a list of places you are thinking about, the next thing to do is to consult your college counselors and start your applications. When applying to college, make sure to get help and advice from the college counselors, who always have their doors open to keep students on track when it comes to the college process. _4_ Keeping them up to date will help the college counselors get their job done and make your application a success.Once those applications are in, the hardest part comes next：waiting._5_ As soon as the results come out, you will know which school is right for you, whether it is your top choice or something else down your list.AThe next step is finding what college suits you academically.BThey also invite students to email any questions they may have.COne of the first things that colleges look at is your past school record.DThis is also the time to reflect on which college you are hoping to get into.ESports, the arts and other interests can be a huge part in determining the right school.FChoosing between a larger or smaller campus is the first step to narrow down which college is right for you.GYou should be thinking well in advance about which teachers you want to write recommendations.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何选择适合自己的大学。1答案与解析：F根据空前的“When deciding what college to apply for，you may feel stressed about what type of campus you want to live in and study on”可知，选择什么样的大学校园是你在选择适合自己的大学时首先要考虑的，故F项与此处匹配。2答案与解析：A根据空处后一句“Are you looking for a liberal arts(文科)school or a more STEM(science，technology，engineering and maths)focused college”可知，该段主要论述选择适合自己学科和专业发展的学校，故A项符合文意。3答案与解析：E根据空处前一句“Another aspect or factor influencing your decision is the kinds of activities the college offers”可知，另一个影响你选择的因素是大学所提供的活动；据此可以判断，空处承接该句，列举大学所提供的各种活动，故E项与此处匹配。4答案与解析：B根据空处前一句“When applying to college，make sure to get help and advice from the college counselors，who always have their doors open to keep students on track when it comes to the college process”可知，申请大学时，要跟指导老师保持联系；据此可以判断，空处将介绍与指导老师联系的情况，故B项符合文意。5答案与解析：D根据空处后一句“As soon as the results come out, you will know which school is right for you，whether it is your top choice or something else down your list”可知，一旦结果出来，你就会知道哪一所学校是适合你的，不管它是不是你的首选；据此可以判断，空处说明等候的时间也可以用来考虑你希望进入的学校，故D项正确。四、书面表达最近你校在高三年级学生中对如何填报高考志愿作了一次问卷调查，其结果如下表所示，请根据图表中信息简要介绍这次调查结果约45%的同学认为约55%的同学认为你的观点1应以个人兴趣为主2兴趣是成功之母。3被迫学自己不感兴趣的专业是痛苦的。1应以社会需要为主。2将来容易找到工作。3兴趣是可以培养和改变的。1如何选择，是一难题。2参考父母和老师的意见结合社会发展的需 要。注意：1可以适当发挥增加细节以使行文连贯；标题已给出。2词数：120个左右。开头和结尾已写好，不计入总词数。文中不能出现考生的具体信息。How to Choose Your Majors and Universities?Every year, before the College Entrance Examination, senior high school graduates have to face the problem of choosing their majors and universities. Recently, our school have made a survey on it. But I believe the best way is to refer to our parents and teachers opinions and at the same time consider our social development needs.【参考范文】书面表达 9
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