2022年考博英语-西安电子科技大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）套卷22

2022年考博英语-西安电子科技大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 单选题They have _ most carefully the time and the materials needed to complete the project.问题1选项A.picked outB.left outC.taken outD.figured out【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. picked out 辨认出；挑选 B. left out 排除C. taken out 除掉；带某人出去（吃饭或看电影等） D. figured out 计算出；想出；弄明白【答案】D【考查点】词组辨析。【解题思路】句意：他们已经非常仔细地完成这项工程所需的时间和材料。根据句意，完成这项工程所需的时间和材料是需要他们仔细地计算出来的。因此选D。【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项均不符合句意。【句意】他们已经非常仔细地计算出完成这项工程所需的时间和材料。2. 翻译题中国具有数倍于法国（France）那么大的面积（area）。【答案】The area of China is several times the size of that of France.3. 单选题For the past two years, I have been working on students evaluation of classroom teaching. I have kept a record of informal conversations （1） some 300 students from at （2） twenty-one colleges and universities. The students were generally（3）and direct in their comments （4） how course work could be bette（5）. Most of their remarks were kindly（6） with tolerance rather than bitternessand frequently were softened by the （7） that the students were speaking （8） some, not all, instructors. Nevertheless, （9） the following suggestions and comments indicate, students feel （10） with things as they are in the classroom.Professors should be （11） from reading lecture notes. “It makes their（12） monotonous.”If they are going to read, why not （13）out copies of the lecture? Then we（14） need to go to class. Professors should （15） repeating in lectures material that is in the textbook. “（16） weve read the material, we want to（17） it or hear it elaborated on, （18） repeated.” “A lot of students hate to buy a （19） text that the professor has written （20） to have his lectures repeat it.”问题1选项A.involvingB.countingC.coveringD.figuring问题2选项A.bestB.leastC.lengthD.large问题3选项A.reservedB.hard-workingC.politeD.frank问题4选项A.overB.atC.onD.of问题5选项A.presentedB.submittedC.describedD.written问题6选项A.receivedB.addressedC.madeD.taken问题7选项A.occasionB.truthC.caseD.fact问题8选项A.onB.aboutC.atD.with问题9选项A.thoughB.whetherC.asD.if问题10选项A.dissatisfiedB.unsatisfactoryC.satisfiedD.satisfactory问题11选项A.interferedB.interruptedC.discouragedD.disturbed问题12选项A.voicesB.soundsC.pronunciationD.gestures问题13选项A.holdB.leaveC.dropD.give问题14选项A.couldntB.wouldntC.mustntD.shouldnt问题15选项A.refuseB.prohibitC.preventD.avoid问题16选项A.OnceB.UntilC.HoweverD.Unless问题17选项A.rememberB.argueC.discussD.keep问题18选项A.yetB.notC.andD.or问题19选项A.desiredB.revisedC.requiredD.deserved问题20选项A.aboutB.howC.butD.only【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:D第4题:C第5题:A第6题:C第7题:C第8题:B第9题:C第10题:A第11题:C第12题:A第13题:D第14题:D第15题:D第16题:A第17题:C第18题:B第19题:C第20题:D【解析】1. 【选项释义】A. involving 涉及；包括 B. counting 计算C. covering 遮盖；覆盖 D. figuring 计算【答案】A【考查点】上下文语义。【解题思路】空格处上文意思为：过去两年里，我一直在研究学生对课堂教学的评价。空格处所在句子句意为：我记录了来自21所学院和大学的300名学生的非正式谈话。由上文可知，这项研究是关于学生对课堂教学的，因此空格处意为“涉及21所高校的大约300个学生的非正式谈话”。【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项均不符合上下文语义。【句意】我记录了来自21所学院和大学的大约300名学生的非正式谈话记录。2. 【选项释义】A. best 最好的；最出色的 B. least 最小的；最少的C. length 长；长度 D. large 大的；大规模的【答案】B【考查点】固定搭配和句间逻辑。【解题思路】固定搭配at least意为“至少”。句意为：我保存了21所学院和大学约300名学生的非正式谈话记录。根据逻辑，这里指的是这个研究涉及到了很多学生，至少来自21所大学和学员。at least符合句间逻辑。因此选B。【干扰项排除】A选项at best“最多”，该句中强调至少有来自21所大学和学员的学生的谈话记录，该选项不符合句间逻辑；C选项at length“最后；终于”，不符合句间逻辑；D选项at large“一般大多数”，不符合句间逻辑。【句意】我保存了至少21所学院和大学约300名学生的非正式谈话记录。3. 【选项释义】A. reserved 内向的；寡言少语的 B. hard-working 工作努力的；辛勤的C. polite 有礼貌的；客气的 D. frank 坦率的；直言不讳的【答案】D【考查点】句间逻辑。【解题思路】空格处单词由and连接，与direct“直率的”并列。因此根据句间逻辑要选择与此意相近的词。对比选项，D选项frank“坦率的；直言不讳的”符合逻辑。因此选D。【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项均不符合句间逻辑。【句意】学生们的评论一般都是坦率和直接的。4. 【选项释义】A. over 在上面；从上方 B. at 在C. on 在之上 D. of 的【答案】C【考查点】固定搭配。【解题思路】固定搭配comment on sth“对的评价”。【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项均不符合固定搭配。【句意】对于如何更好地呈现课程作业，学生们的评论通常是坦率和直接的。5. 【选项释义】A. presented （以某种方式）展现；显示；表现 B. submitted 提交；呈递（文件、建议等）C. described 描述；形容 D. written 书写【答案】A【考查点】上下文语义。【解题思路】上文讲到这项研究是关于学生对课堂教学的，下文提到学生对课程的具体意见。由此可知，空格处表示关于学生对于如何更好地呈现课程作业的评价是直接坦率的。因此选A。【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项均不符合上下文语义。【句意】对于如何更好地呈现课程作业，学生们的评论通常是坦率和直接的。6. 【选项释义】A. received 得到；收到；遭受 B. addressed 演说；演讲C. made 进行；布置，准备 D. taken 拿；带【答案】C【考查点】固定搭配。【解题思路】固定搭配make remarks意为“对做出评价或评论”。【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项均不符合固定搭配。【句意】他们的大部分评论都是善意的。7. 【选项释义】A. occasion （某事发生的）时刻；时候 B. truth 事实；真相C. case 具体情况；事例 D. fact 事实；真相【答案】C【考查点】上下文语义。【解题思路】根据上文可知“在同学们谈到某些教师时，其评论言辞的犀利程度常常被弱化了”指的就是在这种情况下，评论被弱化。因此选C。【干扰项排除】A选项occasion“（某事发生的）时刻，时候”，主要指场合；时刻;重大活动；盛典，不符合语境；B、D选项均不符合上下文语义。【句意】他们的大多数评论都是善意的带着宽容而不是怨恨而且经常因为学生们谈论的是一些，而不是所有的教师。8. 【选项释义】A. on 在之上；向 B. about 关于C. at 在 D. with 和在一起；具有【答案】B【考查点】句间逻辑。【解题思路】句意：学生们谈论的是一些，而不是全部的教师。根据逻辑，学生们应该是谈论关于老师的一些事情。因此选介词about表示“关于”的意思。【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项均不符合句间逻辑。【句意】学生们谈论的是关于一些教师的事情，而不是全部的教师。9. 【选项释义】A. though 虽然；尽管 B. whether 是否C. as 正如；如同 D. if 如果【答案】C【考查点】上下文语义。【解题思路】句意：然而，下面的建议和评论表明，学生对他们在教室里的事情感到不满意。下文就讲学生们对教室事情不满意的具体事情。该句与上下文衔接，因此选C选项as表示“正如”。【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项均不符合上下文语义。【句意】尽管如此，正如下面的建议和评论表明，学生对他们在教室里的事情。10. 【选项释义】A. dissatisfied 不满意的；不高兴的 B. unsatisfactory 不令人满意的C. satisfied 满意的 D. satisfactory 令人满意的【答案】A【考查点】上下文语义和搭配。【解题思路】空格处下文讲述学生对教室的事情有意见的细节。因此这里暗示的就是他们对教室的事情感到不满意。并且在句中，主语是学生，学生对教室的事情是感到不满意的，因此选A。【干扰项排除】B选项unsatisfactory“不令人满意的”，该处是学生对教室的事情感到不满，而不是学生是令人不满的，该选项不符合语境；C、D选项均不符合上下文语义。【句意】尽管如此，正如下面的建议和评论表明，学生对他们在教室里的事情感到不满意。11. 【选项释义】A. interfered 妨碍；干涉 B. interrupted 打断；中断C. discouraged 使泄气；使灰心；阻碍；制止 D. disturbed 打扰；妨碍【答案】C【考查点】上下文语义。【解题思路】空格处下文讲到：这会让他们的声音单调的。并且下文继续提到，如果他们继续阅读，为什么不发讲课的复印件呢？由此可知，这里作者认为不应该鼓励教授读课堂笔记。是阻止他们读课堂笔记。因此选C。【干扰项排除】A选项interfered“妨碍；干涉”，指以一种激怒他人的方式介入并试图影响一种与你无关的情况，与原文语境不符；B选项interrupted“打断；中断”指说或做某事使某人停止他们正在说或做的事，而该处的意思是要阻止教授们继续读课堂笔记，而不是打断他们，该选项不符合上下文语义；D选项disturbed“打扰；妨碍”，指在某人试图工作或睡觉时打扰某人，根据上下文语义，这里应该表示让教授停止读笔记而不是打扰他们，该选项不符合上下文语义。【句意】不应该鼓励教授读课堂笔记。12. 【选项释义】A. voices 声音；说话声；歌唱声 B. sounds 声音C. pronunciation 发音；读音 D. gestures 手势【答案】A【考查点】上下文语义。【解题思路】空格处上文意思为：不应该鼓励教授读课堂笔记。空格处所在句子句意为：这使他们的变得单调乏味。读笔记会让教授的声音变得单调。voice主要指人发出的声音，符合语境。因此选A。【干扰项排除】B选项sounds“声音”，sound作“声音”，“响声”讲时,可以指人或动物发出的声音，或物体碰撞的声音。这个词的使用范围很大。这里特指人发出的声音，对比选项，voice更适合；C、D选项均不符合上下文语义。【句意】这让他们的声音变得单调。13. 【选项释义】A. hold 持有；拥有 B. leave 离开；留下C. drop 投；丢；躺倒 D. give 给【答案】D【考查点】上下文语义和固定搭配。【解题思路】固定搭配：give out意为“分发”。空格处所在句子句意为：如果他们要阅读，为什么不把讲稿出去呢？根据上文可知，这些教授读讲稿会让人感到乏味，因此为什么不把讲稿分发到学生手中呢？give out符合上下文语义，因此选D。【干扰项排除】A选项hold“持有；拥有”，hold out意为“坚持；伸出”，不符合上下文语义；B选项leave“离开；留下”，leave out意为“遗漏；省去”，不符合上下文语义；C选项drop“投；丢；躺倒”，drop out意为“退出；退学”不符合上下文语义。【句意】如果他们要阅读，为什么不把讲稿分发出去呢？14. 【选项释义】A. couldnt 不能 B. wouldnt 不会C. mustnt 禁止严禁 D. shouldnt 不应该；不应【答案】D【考查点】上下文语义。【解题思路】should可代表有强烈的个人感情色彩，且表将来发生的事情的可能性。空格处下文句意为：教授应该避免在讲课材料中重复。该句同样用了should。空格处所在句子与下文句子相衔接，因此这里应该用shouldnt。【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项均不符合上下文语义。【句意】那我们就不用去上课了。15. 【选项释义】A. refuse 拒绝；回绝 B. prohibit （尤指以法令）禁止C. prevent 阻止；阻碍 D. avoid 避免；防止【答案】D【考查点】固定搭配和上下文语义。【解题思路】固定搭配avoid doing sth意为“避免做某事”。根据下文：我们读材料，我们希望它或是听到详尽地说明，而不是简单地重复。所以空格处所在句子句意应该为：教授在讲课时应该避免重复课本上的内容。D选项avoid符合固定搭配和上下文语义。因此选D。【干扰项排除】A、 B选项均不符合上下文语义；C选项prevent阻止；阻碍，固定用法为prevent from doing sth，该选项不符合搭配。【句意】教授在讲课时应该避免重复课本上的内容。16【选项释义】A. Once 一旦 B. Until 直到为止C. However 然而；可是 D. Unless 除非【答案】A【考查点】句间逻辑。【解题思路】句意：我们读材料，我们希望它或是听到详尽地说明，而不是简单地重复。根据逻辑，应该是一旦我们读材料我们希望而不是。A选项符合逻辑。【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项均不符合句间逻辑。【句意】一旦我们读材料，我们希望它或是听到详尽地说明，简单地重复。17. 【选项释义】A. remember 回想起；记得；记起 B. argue 争论；争吵C. discuss 讨论；辩论 D. keep 保持；处于【答案】C【考查点】上下文语义。【解题思路】根据上下文，老师们总是在重复他们的内容，这是同学们不满意的事情，他们希望能对知识点进行讨论或者听老师的详细阐述。因此选C。【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项均不符合上下文语义。【句意】一旦我们读材料，我们希望讨论它或是听到详尽地说明，简单地重复。18. 【选项释义】A. yet 仍然；还 B. not 表示否定；不C. and 和；与 D. or 或者【答案】B【考查点】上下文语义。【解题思路】句意：我们想要讨论它或听到它的详细阐述，重复。空格处上文讲学生们不满意老师重复课本的内容，他们希望讨论并阐述内容，而不是重复它。因此选B，表示否定。【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项均不符合上下文语义。【句意】我们想要讨论它或听到它的详细阐述，而不是重复。19. 【选项释义】A. desired 渴望的 B. revised 改进的C. required 必需的；要求的 D. deserved 应得的；理所当然的【答案】C【考查点】句间逻辑。【解题思路】句意：很多学生不喜欢买教授写的课本。根据逻辑，同学们厌恶购买的课本当然是老师要求、规定让他们去买的课本。因此选C。【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项均不符合句间逻辑。【句意】很多学生不喜欢买教授写的要求的课本。20. 【选项释义】A. about 关于 B. how 怎样；如何C. but 但是 D. only 只；仅仅【答案】D【考查点】上下文语义。【解题思路】句意：很多学生不喜欢买教授写的必读文本，为了让他的课上重复。根据上文可知，学生们并不满意让老师只是在课上重复读课文。因此空格处句意为：仅仅是为了让他在课上重复。【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项均不符合上下文语义。【句意】很多学生不喜欢买教授写的必读文本，只是为了让他的课上重复。4. 翻译题这些书都没有解释这一现象。【答案】None of these books explain the phenomenon.5. 单选题This book is expected to _ the best-seller lists.问题1选项A.promoteB.prevailC.dominateD.exemplify【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. promote 促进；推动 B. prevail 普遍存在；盛行；流行C. dominate 支配；控制；左右；影响 D. exemplify 是的典型（或典范、榜样）【答案】C【考查点】动词辨析。【解题思路】句意：这本书有望畅销书排行榜。根据句意，这本书应该是能够在排行榜上居榜首，因此选C选项dominate“支配；控制；左右；影响”支配榜首可引申为在排行榜上占主导地位的意思，符合句意。【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项均不符合句意。【句意】这本书有望在畅销书排行榜上占据主导地位。6. 翻译题In the late 1960s integrated circuit, tiny transistors and other electrical components arranged on a single chip of silicon (硅), replaced individual transistors in computers. Integrated circuits became miniaturized (使小型化), enabling more components to be designed into a single computer circuit.【答案】20世纪60年代末，安装在一块硅片上的集成电路、微型晶体管和其他电子元件取代了计算机中的单个晶体管。集成电路小型化使人们将更多组件设计成一个单一的计算机电路。7. 单选题“Ive never met a human worth cloning,” says cloning expert Mark Westhusin from his lab at Texas A&M University. “Its a stupid endeavor.” Thats an interesting choice of adjective, coming from a man who has spent millions of dollars trying to clone a 13-year-old dog named Missy. So far, he and his team have not succeeded, though they have cloned two cows and expect to clone a cat soon.They just might succeed in cloning Missy soonor perhaps not for another five years. It seems the reproductive system of mans best friend is one of the mysteries of modern science.Westhusins experience with cloning animals leaves him upset by all this talk of human cloning. In three years of work on the Missy project, using hundreds upon hundreds of dogs eggs, the A&M team has produced only a dozen or so embryos carrying Missys DNA. None have survived the transfer to a surrogate mother. The wastage of eggs and the many spontaneously aborted fetuses may be acceptable when youre dealing with cats or bulls, he argues, but not with humans. “Cloning is incredibly inefficient, and also dangerous,” he says.Even so, dog cloning is a commercial opportunity, with a nice research payoff. Ever since Dolly the sheep was cloned in 1997, Westhusins phone has been ringing with people calling in hopes of duplicating their cats and dogs, cattle and horses. “A lot of people want to clone pets, especially if the price is right,” says Westhusin. Cost is no obstacle for Missys mysterious billionaire owner; hes put up $3.7 million so far to fund A&Ms research.Contrary to some media reports, Missy is not dead. The owner wants a twin to carry on Missys fine qualities after she does die. The prototype is, by all accounts, athletic, good-natured and super-smart. Missys master does not expect an exact copy of her. He knows her clone may not have her temperament. In a statement of purpose, Missys owner and the A&M team say they are “both looking forward to studying the ways that her clones differ from Missy.”Besides cloning a great dog, the project may contribute insight into the old question of nature vs nurture. It could also lead to the cloning of special rescue dogs and many endangered animals.However, Westhusin is cautious about his work. He knows that even if he gets a dog pregnant, the offspring, should they survive, will face the problems shown at birth by other cloned animals: abnormalities like immature lungs and heart and weight problems. “Why would you ever want to clone humans,” Westhusin asks, “when were not even close to getting it worked out in animals yet?”1. By “stupid endeavor” (Para. 1), Westhusin means to say that _.2. What does the first paragraph tell us about Westhusins dog cloning project?3. By cloning Missy, Mark Westhusin hopes to _.4. We learn from the passage that animal clones are likely to have _.5. It can be seen that present cloning techniques _.问题1选项A.animal cloning is not worth the effort at allB.animal cloning is absolutely impracticalC.human cloning should be done selectivelyD.human cloning is a foolish undertaking问题2选项A.Its success is already in sight.B.Its outcome remains uncertain.C.It is doomed to utter failure.D.It is progressing smoothly.问题3选项A.study the possibility of cloning humansB.search for ways to modify its temperamentC.examine the reproductive system of the dog speciesD.find out the differences between Missy and its clones问题4选项A.a bad temperB.immune deficiencyC.defective organsD.an abnormal shape问题5选项A.still have a long way to go before reaching maturityB.have been widely used in saving endangered speciesC.provide insight into the question of nature vs. nurtureD.have proved quite adequate for the cloning of humans【答案】第1题:D第2题:B第3题:D第4题:C第5题:A【解析】1.【选项释义】By “stupid endeavor” (Para.1), Westhusin means to say that _. 威斯胡森说的“愚蠢的努力”（Para. 1)的意思是_。A. animal cloning is not worth the effort at all A. 动物克隆根本不值得努力B. animal cloning is absolutely impractical B. 克隆动物是绝对不现实的C. human cloning should be done selectively C. 克隆人应该有选择地进行D. human cloning is a foolish undertaking D. 克隆人是一项愚蠢的事业【答案】D【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据出处提示词Paragraph 1与题干信息可定位到第一段第二句“这是愚蠢的尝试。”向前定位到第一段第一句“我从未遇到过值得克隆的人（Ive never met a human worth cloning）”可推断这个愚蠢的努力指的就是克隆人。因此选D。【干扰项排除】A选项“动物克隆根本不值得努力”，文中说的是克隆人而不是克隆动物，属于曲解原文；B选项“克隆动物是绝对不现实的”，文中提到成功克隆牛和猫，该选项与原文意思相反，属于反向干扰；C选项“克隆人应该有选择地进行”，文中没有提及，该选项属于无中生有。2.【选项释义】What does the first paragraph tell us about Westhusins dog cloning project? 关于威斯胡森的狗克隆计划，第一段告诉了我们什么？A. Its success is already in sight. A. 它的成功已经在望。B. Its outcome remains uncertain. B. 其结果仍不确定。C. It is doomed to utter failure. C. 这注定要彻底失败。D. It is progressing smoothly. D. 进展顺利。【答案】B【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据出处提示词Paragraph 1与题干信息可定位到第一段“到目前为止，他和他的团队还没有成功（he and his team have not succeeded），尽管他们已经克隆了两头牛，并希望很快克隆一只猫。”由此可知狗克隆计划还没有取得成功，可推断这项计划结果仍不确定。因此选B。【干扰项排除】A选项“它的成功已经在望。”，由推断可知，该计划的结果不确定，并不是成功在望，该选项属于反向干扰；C选项“这注定要彻底失败。”，由推断可知，该计划的结果是不确定的，并没有说注定失败，该选项属于过度推断；D选项“进展顺利。”，文中提到“到目前为止，他和他的团队还没有成功”由此可知进展并不顺利，因此该选项属于反向干扰。3.【选项释义】By cloning Missy, Mark Westhusin hopes to _. 通过克隆米西，马克威斯胡森希望能_。A. study the possibility of cloning humans A. 研究克隆人类的可能性B. search for ways to modify its temperament B. 找到改变它性情的方法C. examine the reproductive system of the dog species C. 检验这种狗的生殖系统D. find out the differences between Missy and its clones D. 找出米西和它的克隆之间的区别【答案】D【考查点】事实细节题。【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位到倒数第三段“都很期待研究她的克隆体与米西的不同之处（her clones differ from Missy）”因此选D。【干扰项排除】A选项“研究克隆人类的可能性”，文章没有提及，该选项属于无中生有；B选项“找到改变它性情的方法”，文章没有提及，该选项属于无中生有；C选项“检验这种狗的生殖系统”，文章没有提及，该选项属于无中生有。4.【选项释义】We learn from the passage that animal clones are likely to have _. 我们从文章中了解到，动物克隆可能会有_。A. a bad temper A. 坏脾气B. immune deficiency B. 免疫缺陷C. defective organs C. 有缺陷的器官D. an abnormal shape D. 畸形【答案】C【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位到最后一段“他知道，即使他让一只狗怀孕，如果它们的后代存活下来，也将面临其他克隆动物出生时出现的问题：不成熟的肺和心脏以及体重问题等异常。”不成熟的肺和心脏都是器官出现问题，可推断动物克隆可能会出现有缺陷的器官。因此C选项正确。【干扰项排除】A选项“坏脾气”，文中没有提及，该选项属于无中生有；B选项“免疫缺陷”，文中没有提及，该选项属于无中生有；D选项“畸形”，文中没有提及，该选项属于无中生有。5.【选项释义】It can be seen that present cloning techniques _. 由此可见，目前的克隆技术_。A. still have a long way to go before reaching maturity A. 在达到成熟之前还有很长的路要走B. have been widely used in saving endangered species B. 已被广泛用于拯救濒危物种C. provide insight into the question of nature vs. nurture C. 提供了对先天与后天问题的洞察D. have proved quite adequate for the cloning of humans D. 已经证明足以克隆人类【答案】A【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据文章第一段“到目前为止，他和他的团队还没有成功”以及第三段讲到“克隆极其低效，而且危险（Cloning is incredibly inefficient, and also dangerous）”和最后一段提到克隆动物出现器官上的问题可知目前的克隆技术还不成熟。因此选A。【干扰项排除】B选项“已被广泛用于拯救濒危物种”，文中倒数第二段提到“它还可能导致克隆特殊救援犬和许多濒危动物。”由此可知还未被广泛用于拯救濒危物种，该选项属于反向干扰；C选项“提供了对先天与后天问题的洞察”，文中倒数第二段提到“除了克隆一只大狗，这个项目还可能有助于洞察先天与后天的老问题。”文中只是说有可能有助于，并未说提供了，该选项属于过度推断；D选项“已经证明足以克隆人类”，文章最后一段最后一句提到“当我们在动物身上还没有接近成功的时候，你为什么会想要克隆人类呢？”由此可知，目前的克隆技术并不能克隆人类，该选项属于反向干扰。8. 翻译题A further complication (并发症) is the tendency of the pilots blood to leave his head because of inertia (惯性), leaving him impaired vision and perhaps unconscious.【答案】更严重的并发症可能是飞行员由于惯性而头部缺血，这使他视力受损，甚至失去知觉。9. 单选题The _ of tests in the United States institutions can be a new and frightening experience for many foreign students.问题1选项A.presenceB.frequencyC.efficiencyD.confidence【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. presence 存在；出席 B. frequency 发生率；出现率C. efficiency 效率；效能 D. confidence 信心；信任【答案】A【考查点】名词辨析。【解题思路】句意：对许多外国学生来说，美国教育机构考试的可能是一种新的可怕的经历。根据句意，应该是这些考试的存在让外国学生感到害怕。因此选A。【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项均不符合句意。【句意】对许多外国学生来说，在美国院校进行考试可能是一种新的、令人恐惧的经历。10. 单选题The concept of personal choice in relation to health behaviors is an important one. An estimated 90 percent of all illnesses may be preventable if individuals would make sound personal health choices and do not like to see it restricted when it is within the legal and moral boundaries of society. The structure of American society allows us to make almost all our own personal decisions that may concern our health. If we so desire, we can smoke, drink excessively refuse to wear seat belts, eat whatever foods we want and live a completely sedentary life style without any exercise. The freedom to make such personal decisions is a fundamental aspect of our society although the wisdom of these decisions can be questioned. Personal choices relative to health often cause a difficulty. As one example a teenager may know the facts relative to smoking cigarettes and health but may be pressured by friends into believing it is the socially accepted thing to do.A multitude of factors both inherited and environmental influence the development of health related behaviors and it is beyond the scope of this text to discuss all these factors as they may affect any given individual. However the decision to adopt a particular health related behavior is usually one of personal choices. There are healthy choices and there are unhealthy choices. In discussing the morals of personal choice Fries and Grapo drew a comparison. They suggest that to knowingly give oneself over to a behavior that has a statistical probability of shortening life is similar to attempting suicide. Thus for those individuals who are interested in preserving both the quality and quantity of life, personal health choices should reflect those behaviors that are associated with a statistical probability of increased vitality and longevity1. The concept of personal choice concerning health is important because _.2. To “live a completely sedentary life-style” (Para. 1) in the passage means _.3. Sound personal health choice is often difficult to make because _.4. To knowingly allow oneself to pursue unhealthy habits is compared by Fries and Crapo to _5. According to Fries and Crapo sound health choices should be based on _.问题1选项A.personal health choice help cure most illnessB.it helps raise the level of our medical knowledgeC.it is essential to personal freedom in American societyD.wrong decisions could lead to poor health问题2选项A.to “live an inactive life”B.to “live a decent life”C.to “live a life with complete freedom”