2022年考博英语-东北财经大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）第43期

2022年考博英语-东北财经大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）1. 单选题The eve of the hurricane appears to be tranquil.问题1选项A.calmB.noisyC.spiralD.transparent【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. calm 平静的 B. noisy 吵闹的C. spiral 螺旋形的 D. transparent 透明的【答案】A【考查点】语义衔接【解题思路】划线词前面部分的语义为“飓风来临的前夕似乎是_”，由此可知，该词是形容飓风来临之前的情况的，根据常识可知，暴风雨来临之前都是平静的，A选项calm“平静的”最符合原句语义衔接。原词tranquil“平静的”。【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项不符合原句语义衔接。【句意】飓风来临的前夕似乎很平静。2. 单选题American higher education stands on the brink of chaos. （1）have so many spent so long learning so little.The present crisis（2）the increasingly widespread acceptance among faculty and administrators of the fatal educational（3）that a student should not be required to do any academic works that（4）him. If a student prefers not to study science, history, or literature, he is（5）to attain his degree without studying any science, history, or literature.Throughout the country the attempt is being（6）to provide students with what is advertised as a（7）education without requiring of them the necessary self-discipline and hard work Students have been led to believe they can achieve（8）effort, that all they need to do in order to obtain a good education is skip casually down the merry road to learning. Unfortunately, that road is no（9）a detour to the dead end of ignorance.We must realize that becoming an educated person is a difficult, demanding（10）. Just as anyone who spoke of intense（11）training as a continuous source of pleasure and delight would be thought a fool, for we all know how much pain and frustration such training involves, so anyone who speaks of intense mental（12）as a continuous source of joy and ecstasy ought to be thought（13）foolish, for such effort also involves pain and frustration. Of course there can be joy in learning as there can be joy in sport. But in both cases, the joy is a result of overcoming genuine（14）and cannot be experienced without sweat.And that he（15）well is no reason why he should not be criticized for an（16）performance. Such criticism, when well-founded and constructive, is（17）demeaning. Yet criticism of any sort is（18）nowadays. （19）student opinion is given greater and greater（20）in the evaluation of faculty, professors are busy trying to ingratiate themselves with the students.问题1选项A.NeverB.InvariablyC.BarelyD.Hardly问题2选项A.sides withB.prevails overC.shows upD.stems from问题3选项A.codeB.principleC.moralD.standard问题4选项A.distractsB.disapprovesC.disciplinesD.displeases问题5选项A.convincedB.allowedC.consentedD.acknowledged问题6选项A.madeB.doneC.offeredD.carried问题7选项A.humaneB.generousC.livelyD.liberal问题8选项A.throughB.despiteC.withoutD.by问题9选项A.rather thanB.fewer thanC.less thanD.more than问题10选项A.enterpriseB.behaviorC.careerD.vocation问题11选项A.manualB.physicalC.materialD.solid问题12选项A.strainB.practiceC.exertionD.drill问题13选项A.evenlyB.comparativelyC.thoroughlyD.equally问题14选项A.trialsB.torturesC.challengesD.dilemmas问题15选项A.meansB.thinksC.impliesD.assumes问题16选项A.unqualifiedB.inadequateC.incompetentD.incapable问题17选项A.by all meansB.in a senseC.in any caseD.in no way问题18选项A.scarceB.scantyC.rareD.exceptional问题19选项A.WhereasB.AsC.ThoughD.Unless问题20选项A.weightB.measureC.importanceD.stress【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:B第4题:D第5题:B第6题:A第7题:D第8题:C第9题:D第10题:A第11题:B第12题:C第13题:D第14题:C第15题:A第16题:D第17题:D第18题:C第19题:B第20题:A【解析】第1题:【选项释义】A. Never 从来没有 B. Invariably 始终如一地C. Barely 几乎没有 D. Hardly 几乎不【答案】A【考查点】倒装强调句与语义衔接【解题思路】空格后的句子使用了部分倒装，选项中都是副词；已知否定副词位于句首表强调时，句子要使用部分倒装，因此，空格处填入的应该是一个否定副词。空格后句子的句意为“这么多人花了这么长时间，却学得这么少。”前文提到“美国的高等教育正处于混乱的边缘。”由此可见，作者在本文中表达的对当前美国高等教育的观点是否定的，A选项Never“从来没有”表达的语气最强烈，指这种情况从来没有出现过，最符合语境。【干扰项排除】B选项Invariably“始终如一地”，位于句首，不需要倒装；C选项Barely“几乎没有”，语气较never弱，还是有可能出现过类似的情况，只是可能性比较小，没有never符合语境；D选项Hardly“几乎不”，语气较never弱，还是有可能出现过类似的情况，只是可能性比较小，没有never符合语境。【句意】从来没有这么多人花这么长时间却学得这么少。第2题:【选项释义】A. sides with 支持 B. prevails over 胜过C. shows up 出现 D. stems from 源于【答案】D【考查点】语义衔接【解题思路】空格处前文为“目前的危机”，后文为“教师和管理人员越来越普遍地接受这一致命的教育（3）”,空格前讲的是美国高等教育的危机，空格后讲的是教师和管理人员中存在的一种不好的现象，D 选项stems from “源于”最符合原文语义衔接。【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项不符合原文语义衔接。【句意】目前的危机源于教师和管理人员越来越普遍地接受这一致命的教育（3）即第3题:【选项释义】A. code 编码 B. principle 原则C. moral 道德准则 D. standard 标准【答案】B【考查点】句间逻辑【解题思路】由选项可知，空格处填入的是一个名词，空格后是that引导的一个同位语从句，对该名词进行进一步说明。该从句的内容为“学生不应该被要求做任何（4）他的学术工作”，“应该怎么样不应该怎么样”都属于教育的原则，B选项principle“原则”符合原文语义逻辑。【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项不符合原文语义逻辑。【句意】教师和管理人员越来越普遍地接受这一致命的教育原则即学生不应该被要求做任何（4）他的学术工作。第4题:【选项释义】A. distracts 使分心 B. disapproves 不赞成C. disciplines 处罚；训练 D. displeases 使不开心【答案】D【考查点】语义衔接与主谓搭配【解题思路】空格处所在部分语义为“学生不应该被要求做任何（4）他的学术工作。”空格处的主语为“学术工作”，上文提到这是一个不好的原则，因此，D选项displeases“使不开心”符合要求。【干扰项排除】A选项distracts“使分心”，不符合原文语义衔接，学生不应该要求做让他分心的学术工作不是一个不好的原则；B选项disapproves“不赞成”，其主语一般为人，与原文主语不搭；C选项disciplines“处罚”，其主语一般为人，与原文主语不搭。【句意】学生不应该被要求做任何让他不开心的学术工作。第5题:【选项释义】A. convinced 相信 B. allowed 允许C. consented 同意 D. acknowledged 承认；感谢【答案】B【考查点】语义衔接与动词辨析【解题思路】空格处所在部分的前后句意为“如果学生不愿意学习科学、历史或文学，他在不学习任何科学、历史或文学的情况下_获得学位。”上文提到“学生不应该被要求做任何令他不愉快的学术作业。”由此可知，学生不上自己不喜欢的科目也可以获得学位，B选项allowed“允许”符合语义要求。【干扰项排除】A选项convinced“相信”，不符合语义衔接；C选项consented“同意”，侧重于同意别人的请求、建议或满足他人的愿望，原文语境中不涉及学生主动请求，而是制度默认的可以获得学位；D选项acknowledged“承认；感谢”，不符合语义衔接。【句意】如果学生不愿意学习科学、历史或文学，他可以在不学习任何科学、历史或文学的情况下获得学位。第6题:【选项释义】A. made 做 B. done 完成C. offered 提供 D. carried 携带【答案】A【考查点】动宾搭配【解题思路】与空格处所填动词搭配的宾语是attempt，常与attempt搭配的是make，make attempt to do sth是常用搭配，A选项made“做”符合动宾搭配。【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项不满足搭配要求。【句意】全国各地都在努力为学生提供第7题:【选项释义】A. humane 仁慈的 B. generous 慷慨的C. lively 活泼的 D. liberal 自由的【答案】D【考查点】语义衔接【解题思路】空格处所填形容词修饰的是教育，根据后文对该教育的进一步阐释“不要求他们必须的自律和努力”，与该语义衔接最恰当的是D选项liberal“自由的”，一个学生不需要自律和努力，符合自由教育的理念。【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项不符合语义衔接。【句意】在全国范围内，正在努力为学生提供所宣传的自由教育，不要求他们有必要的自律和努力。第8题:【选项释义】A. through 通过 B. despite 尽管C. without 没有 D. by 通过【答案】C【考查点】语义衔接【解题思路】空格处所在部分的前后句意为“他们能取得成就_努力”，前文提到“自由教育，不要求他们有必要的自律和努力”，后文提到“他们所需要做的就是自由地跳跃在快乐的学习之路上”，由此可知，这部分想要表达的是学生们不需要努力就能取得成功，C选项“without”没有符合语义衔接。【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项不符合上下文语义衔接。【句意】学生们被引导着去相信，他们不需要努力就能取得成就，为了获得良好的教育，他们所需要做的就是自由地跳跃在快乐的学习之路上。第9题:【选项释义】A. rather than 而不是 B. fewer than 比少（可数）C. less than 比少（不可数） D. more than 比多【答案】D【考查点】语义衔接【解题思路】由Unfortunately可知，该句表达的意思与前文提到的“不需要努力就可以取得成功”不一致。空格处所在部分前后语义为“那条路_一条走向无知的弯路”，由上下文语义可知，快乐自由的学习之路是一条死胡同，不可能走向成功，D选项more than “比多”满足语义衔接，no more than“只是；仅仅”。【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项不符合原文语义衔接。【句意】不幸的是，这条路只是一条走向无知的弯路。第10题:【选项释义】A. enterprise 事业 B. behavior 行为；举止C. career 事业 D. vocation 职业【答案】A【考查点】名词辨析【解题思路】该句句意为“我们必须认识到，成为一个有教养的人是一件困难的、费时费力的_。”A选项enterprise“事业”，可以指某人要做或打算做的艰巨、重要的事，满足句意要求。【干扰项排除】B选项behavior“行为；举止”；C选项career侧重于指长期、终身从事的职业或事业生涯；D选项vocation侧重于天职，有一种使命感。【句意】我们必须认识到，成为一个有教养的人是一件困难的、费时费力的事情。第11题:【选项释义】A. manual 手工的 B. physical 身体的C. material 物质的 D. solid 坚硬的【答案】B【考查点】句间逻辑【解题思路】空格处所在句“Just as anyone who spoke of intense _ training, so anyone who speaks of intense mental（12）.”，由Just as可知，这句话将前后提到的两种人进行类比，与后文mental“脑力的”相对应的是B选项physical“身体的”，physical training“体力训练”。【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项不符合原文句间逻辑。【句意】那些说高强度的体力训练是快乐的持续源泉的人会被认为是傻瓜，因为我们都知道这样的训练会带来多少痛苦和挫折。第12题:【选项释义】A. strain 压力 B. practice 实践；练习C. exertion 努力 D. drill 练习【答案】C【考查点】语义衔接与名词辨析【解题思路】后文提到such effort“这种努力”，与effort衔接最恰当的是C选项exertion“努力”，mental exertion脑力努力指的是脑力劳动。【干扰项排除】A选项strain“压力”；B选项practice“实践；练习”；D选项drill侧重于指通过反复训练来练习。【句意】因此，任何人谁说高强度的脑力劳动是快乐和狂喜的持续源泉，都应该被认为是（13）愚蠢的，因为这样的努力也会带来痛苦和挫折。第13题:【选项释义】A. evenly 平均地 B. comparatively 相对地C. thoroughly 完全地 D. equally 同样地【答案】D【考查点】语义衔接【解题思路】上文提到“那些说高强度的体力训练是快乐的持续源泉的人会被认为是傻瓜，因为我们都知道这样的训练会带来多少痛苦和挫折。”后文提到，“因为这样的努力也会带来痛苦和挫折”，由此可知，说高强度的脑力劳动是快乐和狂喜的持续源泉的人也同样会被认为是愚蠢的。另外，由句子开头Just as“就像一样”可知，这两种人的待遇是一样的，D选项equally“同样地”符合原文语义衔接。【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项不符合原文语义衔接。【句意】因此，任何人谁说高强度的脑力劳动是快乐和狂喜的持续源泉，都应该被认为是同样地愚蠢，因为这样的努力也会带来痛苦和挫折。第14题:【选项释义】A. trials 试验 B. tortures 折磨C. challenges 挑战 D. dilemmas 进退两难的局面【答案】C【考查点】语义衔接【解题思路】空格处所在部分语义为“这种快乐是克服真正_的结果”，空格处所填名词搭配的动词为“克服”，并且该名词与前文提到的“痛苦和挫折”对应。另外，该句的话题是快乐，句子基本的感情基调是积极的，因此，C选项challenges“挑战”符合原文要求。【干扰项排除】A选项trials“试验”，不符合原文语义衔接；B选项tortures“折磨”，不符合句子的感情基调；D选项dilemmas“进退两难的局面”，不符合原文语义衔接。【句意】这种快乐是克服真正挑战的结果。第15题:【选项释义】A. means 打算 B. thinks认为C. implies 暗示 D. assumes 假设；认为【答案】A【考查点】固定搭配【解题思路】mean well“出于好心；本意是好的”，A选项means“打算”，符合搭配要求。【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项与well搭配不当。【句意】尽管他的本意是好的，但这并不是他不应该因为（16）表现而受到批评的理由。第16题:【选项释义】A. unqualified 没有资格的 B. inadequate 不充分的C. incompetent 不能胜任的 D. incapable 没有能力的；无能的【答案】D【考查点】形容词辨析【解题思路】空格处所填形容词修饰的是performance“表现”，D选项incapable“没有能力的；无能的”既可以形容人，也可以形容人的行为表现，符合原文要求。【干扰项排除】A选项unqualified“没有资格的”，通常用来形容人，形容事时指的是“完全的，绝对的”；B选项inadequate“不充分的”，不符合原文语义衔接；C选项incompetent“不能胜任的”，通常用来形容人。【句意】尽管他的本意是好的，但这并不是他不应该因为无能的表现而受到批评的理由。第17题:【选项释义】A. by all means 务必；想尽一切办法 B. in a sense 在某种意义上C. in any case 在任何情况下 D. in no way 决不；无论怎样也不【答案】D【考查点】语义衔接【解题思路】前文提到“有充分的理由和建设性的”，空格后的内容为“有损人格的”，有理有据且有建设性的批评不是有损人格的，D选项in no way“决不”符合原文语义衔接。【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项不符合原文语义衔接。【句意】这种批评，如果有充分的理由和建设性，绝不是有损人格的。第18题:【选项释义】A. scarce 短缺的；稀少的 B. scanty 不足的；欠缺的C. rare 罕见的 D. exceptional 卓越的【答案】C【考查点】语义衔接与形容词辨析【解题思路】前文提到“有充分的理由和建设性的批评绝不是有损人格的”，意思是这种批评是可以有的。根据本句开头的Yet“然而”可知，该句表达的意思与前文不一致。空格处前后语义为“然而，如今任何形式的批评都_”，参考选项可知，该句表达的是现在任何形式的批评基本上都没有了，C选项rare“罕见的”，符合原文语义衔接。【干扰项排除】A选项scarce侧重于指资源稀缺或紧缺，或者资料不多；B选项scanty侧重于指数量比需要的少很多；D选项exceptional“卓越的”，不符合原文语义衔接。【句意】然而，如今任何形式的批评都很少见。第19题:【选项释义】A. Whereas 然而 B. As 因为C. Though 尽管 D. Unless 除非【答案】B【考查点】句间逻辑【解题思路】空格处所在部分的语义为“_学生的意见在教师的评价中得到越来越多的（20），教授们忙着讨好学生。”根据前后语义可知，两者之间是因果关系，B选项As“因为”符合要求。【干扰项排除】A选项Whereas“然而”，表示转折；C选项Though“尽管”，表示让步；D选项Unless“除非”，表示条件。【句意】因为学生的意见在教师的评价中得到越来越多的（20），教授们忙着讨好学生。第20题:【选项释义】A. weight 分量 B. measure 标准C. importance 重要性 D. stress 强调【答案】A【考查点】语义衔接与名词辨析【解题思路】空格处前后语义为“学生的意见在教师的评价体系中被给予了越来越多的_（is given greater and greater_）”。根据句意，“学生的意见”是“教师的评价体系”中的一个指标，并且，这个指标越来越重要，A选项weight“分量”，常用与give weight to“重视”符合题意。【干扰项排除】B选项measure“标准”，指的是判断的标准或衡量的尺度，不符合原句语义衔接；C选项importance“重要性”，常搭配动词attach，用于attach importance to“重视”，虽然偶尔也用give importance to，但是give weight to“重视”更常见，而且本题有weight这个选项；D选项stress“强调”，常搭配动词lay，用于lay stress on“强调”。【句意】因为学生的意见在教师的评价体系中的占的比重越来越大，教授们都忙着讨好学生。3. 单选题_ in the dark, his head hit against the wall.问题1选项A.When he was walkingB.WalkingC.His walkingD.While walking【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. When he was walking B. WalkingC. His walking D. While walking【答案】A【考查点】非谓语动词【解题思路】根据选项推断原句语义为“在黑暗中行走，他的头撞墙了”。非谓语动词应与句子的主语存在逻辑上的语义关系，该句的主语his head“他的头”与“走”这个动作不存在任何语义关系，存在语义关系的是“他”，因此，这里不能使用walk的非谓语形式。A选项When he was walking“他（在黑暗中）行走时”，when引导时间状语从句，符合英语语法，主句和从句可以使用不同的主语。【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项不符合语法规范。【句意】他在黑暗中行走时，头撞到了墙上。4. 单选题No one in the _ apartment was awaked by their quarrelling sounds.问题1选项A.approachedB.distantC.neighborD.adjacent【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. approached 临近（过去式或过去分词） B. distant 远的C. neighbor 邻居 n. D. adjacent 相邻的【答案】D【考查点】语义衔接与近义词辨析【解题思路】原句语义为“_公寓里没有人被他们的争吵声吵醒。”按照语义和选项推测，争吵声吵醒的应该是临近公寓的人，该处所填词应该是一个形容词，修饰公寓。D选项adjacent“相邻的”符合要求。【干扰项排除】A选项approached“临近（过去式或过去分词）”，动词，不做定语修饰“公寓”；B选项distant“远的”，不符合语义衔接；C选项neighbor“邻居”，名词，不能直接修饰公寓。【句意】他们的吵闹声没有吵醒隔壁公寓的人。5. 单选题A fussy person usually has only a few friends.问题1选项A.A filthyB.A pickyC.An obstinateD.A stubborn【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. A filthy 一个下流的（人） B. A picky 一个挑剔的（人）C. An obstinate 一个执拗的（人） D. A stubborn 一个固执的（人）【答案】B【考查点】语义衔接【解题思路】划线词形容人，后文提到“通常只有几个朋友”，指这种人不怎么受欢迎，原词fussy“挑剔的”，因此，B选项A picky“一个挑剔的（人）”最符合原句句意。【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项不符合原句句意。【句意】挑剔的人通常没什么朋友。6. 单选题Let us get out quickly. It is no good _ time.问题1选项A.wasteB.to wasteC.wastingD.to have wasted【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. waste 浪费 B. to waste 浪费C. wasting 浪费 D. to have wasted 浪费【答案】C【考查点】固定搭配【解题思路】本题考查的是固定句型：It/There is no good doing sth. = It does no good to do sth. “做什么是没用的。”因此，C选项wasting“浪费”，符合要求。【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项不符合句型搭配。【句意】我们赶快出去。浪费时间是没用的。7. 单选题Barack Obama is the freshest face in the early lineup of presidential candidates. Is he too fresh? Would eight years in the Illinois State Senate, and four in the U.S. Senate qualify him for the Oval office in 2008? American political history gives an answer: a resounding “probably”.Thirty-seven men have been elected President since 1789, and the American people have applied two different standards in evaluating their achievements. The first was formulated by Alexander Hamilton who test-drove the presidency in Federalist papers. The difficulty of winning the job he argued, virtually guaranteed it would be held by the best men. “Talents for low intrigue, and the little art of popularity”, could “elevate a man to the first honors in a single state”. But only “characters pre-eminent for ability and virtue” could impress the nation as a whole. The first seven Presidents, who filled the job for almost a half-century, confirmed Hamiltons prediction. George Washington, John Adams and Thomas Jefferson were heroes of the American Revolution. James Madison was prime mover in the push to write and ratify the Constitution. James, Monroe and John Quincy Adams had signal triumphs: Monroe successfully fought against the English troops during the war in 1814, and Adams, as Monroes Secretary of State, conceived the Monroe Doctrine, which waved Europe off the western hemisphere. Andrew Jackson, the frontier warrior, beat the Creek Indians in the old southwest and British in New Orleans.It was not until the eighth President Martin Van Buren that American aimed lower. Van Buren was a smooth self-made man from upstate New York who clambered to leadership first in his state, then in the Democratic Party nationwide. He was a wire puller and wheeler-dealer. Former President John Quincy Adams praised his “calmness”, “gentleness” and “discretion”, though not his “profound dissimulation (掩饰)” and “fawning (讨好) servility”. Van Buren was a pol, first, last and always. He showed that intrigue and the art of popularity were now enough to win the White House. Since 1841, most successful presidential candidates have passed the Van Buren test. The electorate wants leaders who have played the game, even they havent been All-Stars. Its a low but sensible hurdle; Obama qualifies by that standard.Voters also dont take kindly to non-politicians: two businessmen, Wendell Willkie and Ross Perot, made serious runs for the White House, although neither came close. Americans will elect a political neophyte (新手) only if he passes the Hamilton test of pre-eminent ability, Ulysses S. Grant and Dwight Eisenhower had never held elective office, but they won their wars. Some Presidents pass both tests: Theodore Roosevelt fought well in the Spanish-American War and in New York State politics. Among the prospective 2008 candidates, only one has shown pre-eminent ability: Rudy Guiliani, in solving the crime problem in the nations largest city and in his response to 9/11.But is pre-eminent ability a reliable predictor of success? It doesnt guarantee victory at the polls. Henry Clay was master of legislative finesse who helped broker the Missouri Compromises of 18201821, a deal between slave states and free states that kept the two sides from each others throats for 30 years. Yet he failed to become President in three tries. Great achievements dont guarantee great presidencies even when the pre-eminent man wins. The Eisenhower Administration, scorned by eggheads of the left and right while it was going on, has revised upward by later scholars, and a similar process is lifting Grants presidency from the cellar to which an unholy alliance of neo-Confederates and genteel reformers had consigned it. But neither man will ever be considered as great in peace as he was in war.There have also been ordinary-seeming politicians who became epoch-making Presidents. After the 1932 Democratic, Convention picked New York governor Franklin D. Roosevelt, journalist H. L. Mencken described him as a man “whose competence was plainly in doubt.” The Republican nomination of one-term Illinois congressman Abraham Lincoln in 1860 brought this sneer from diarist George Templeton Strong: “He cut a great many rails, and worked on a flatboat in early youth; all which is somehow presumptive evidence of his statesmanship.”Statesmanship is an art, which means there is always room for inspiration, and for grace. We are right to look for a record of pre-eminent ability when we can find it. But the basic doctrine of republican government, that all men are created equal, can be a surprise bonus for some leaders, as well as a guarantee of rights for all of us. Sometimes greatness appears in unlikely places, even in ordinary pols from Illinois.1. In Hamiltons view, “the best men” include all the following EXCEPT _.2. Van Buren could win the presidency NOT because _.3. Which of the following is not proper?4. The word “finesses” the fifth paragraph probably means _.5. What does this passage mainly talk about?问题1选项A.those who are capable and noble-mindedB.those who have the art of popularityC.those who confirmed Hamiltons predictionD.John Adams who made great achievement问题2选项A.of his intrigue and the art of popularityB.he was a self-made man from upstate New YorkC.of his “profound dissimulation” and “fawning servility”D.the Americans changed their standards问题3选项A.Hamilton thought that the best men would hold the presidency.B.Neither great abilities nor achievements ensure the successful presidency.C.All the presidents from the war were slightly criticized by the public.D.Even a freshman can be elected as President if he is prominent in ability.问题4选项A.intrigueB.approachC.measureD.skill问题5选项A.Obama will probably become President according to the American history.B.All the presidential candidates should pass both the two mentioned tests.C.Who will be the next U.S. President is still not clear before election.D.Any presidential candidates would break the Hamilton and Van Burens tests.【答案】第1题:B第2题:B第3题:C第4题:D第5题:C【解析】第1题:【选项释义】In Hamiltons view, “the best men” include all the following EXCEPT _. 在汉密尔顿（Hamilton）看来，“最优秀的人”包括以下所有人，除了_。A. those who are capable and noble-minded A. 那些德才兼备的人B. those who have the art of popularity B. 那些有受欢迎的技巧的人C. those who confirmed Hamiltons prediction C. 那些证实汉密尔顿预测的人D. John Adams who made great achievement D. 取得了巨大成就的约翰亚当斯（John Adams）【答案】B【考查点】事实细节题【解题思路】根据题干关键词Hamiltons view和the best men定位到原文第二段。本段第三、四、五句提到“他认为，赢得这份工作的难度，实际上保证了这份工作将由最优秀的人（the best men）担任”，“低级阴谋的天赋和受欢迎的小技巧（the little art of popularity）只会给人带来一个州里（he first honors in a single state）的最高荣誉”，“但只有德才兼得（pre-eminent for ability and virtue）的人，才能给整个国家留下深刻印象（impress the nation as a whole）”。由此可知，汉密尔顿认为“有受欢迎的小技巧”的人只能在一个州的范围内有所成就，他们不是能够成为总统的最优秀的人。因此，B选项“那些有受欢迎的技巧的人”符合题意。【干扰项排除】A选项“那些德才兼备的人”，由【解题思路】可知，“德才兼备的人”是汉密尔顿认为的最优秀的人，该选项不符合题意，属于反向干扰；C选项“那些证实汉密尔顿预测的人”，可定位到原文第二段第六句，该句提到“前七任总统，证实了汉密尔顿的预言（confirmed Hamiltons prediction）。”由此可知，这些人证实了汉密尔顿的预测，他们成功担任了美国的总统，说明他们是最优秀的人。该选项不符合题意，属于反向干扰；D选项“取得了巨大成就的约翰亚当斯”，可定位到原文第二段第七句，该句提到“乔治华盛顿、约翰亚当斯（John Adams）和托马斯杰斐逊是美国独立战争的英雄。”由此可知，约翰亚当斯是美国前七任总统之一，那么他也属于汉密尔顿认为的最优秀的人。该选项不符合题意，属于反向干扰。第2题:【选项释义】Van Buren could win the presidency NOT because _. 范布伦（Van Buren）能够赢得总统大选并不是因为