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牛津版模块五Unit 1 Getting along with othersWords and expressions1. get along get along/ on with sb. 和睦相处She works hard and is easy to get along with. They should get along well together because they have much in common.他们在一起应该处得不错，因为他们有许多共同点。(2008四川卷) 9. I used to quarrel a lot with my parents, but now we _ fine.A. look out B. stay up C. carry on D. get along get along / on (with sth.) 进展，进行How are you getting along with your English? 你的英语学得怎么样？How is your son getting along in school? 你的儿子在学校表现怎么样？The business is getting along very well. 生意经营得很不错。They said they could get along without our help.他们说没有我们的帮助他们也能进行下去。（MET93）Readers can _ quite well without knowing the exact meaning of each word.A. get over B. get in C. get along D. get through（2006重庆）28.How are you managing to do your work without an assistant?Well, I_ somehow. （总算）A. get along B. come on C. watch out D. set off2. betray vt. 背叛，出卖 （同）desert, abandon betray ones country 叛国 betray ones friends 背叛朋友He betrayed me. 他背叛了我。/ I feel betrayed by my friend.He would rather die than betray his country to the enemy.他宁愿牺牲也不出卖国家给敌人。He betrayed his friends by breaking his promises.他不遵守自己的诺言，失信于朋友。（非故意地）暴露，显露 betray oneself 露出本来面目/ 原形毕露Her face betrayed her nervousness. 她脸上的表情显示了她的紧张不安。 The expression on her face betrays her anger/ that she is angry.3. overlook vt. 忽视，忽略，未注意到（同）ignore, neglect This is a message that you can not overlook. 这是你不能忽视的一条消息。 Henry went through the documents again carefully for fear of overlooking any important data. 亨利再次仔细检查了文件，惟恐看漏了任何重要的信息。宽恕，宽容 I decided to overlook his mistake. 我决定宽恕他的过错。 I will overlook your behavior this time. 这次我不计较你的行为。俯瞰，俯视（同）have a birds eye view Standing on top of the hill, we overlooked the village below. 我们站在山顶上，俯瞰下面的村庄。 The hotel overlooks the beach with distant blue sea. 这座旅馆居高临下，可以鸟瞰海滩和远处蓝蓝的大海。词语辨析overlook/ neglect/ ignoreoverlook意为“忽略”时，指由于草率或没有注意到而忽视某事。neglect 指没有给予或很少给予必要的注意或关心，尤指因粗心或遗忘而没有做某事ignore指有意识地拒绝，不愿给予注意或故意不予理会。neglect sb./ sth./ to do sth./doing sth. ignore sb./ sth.4.cheerful adj.愉快的，高兴的 cheer up 高兴起来，（人）恢复活力5. admit (admitted, admitting) admission n. 1) vt. 承认，供认admit (doing) sth. / that / sb to beadmit stealing the car（正）He admitted having done wrong/ that he had done wrong. 他承认做错了。The accused man admitted his guilt. 被告承认了他的罪行。Now that he _ that he had stolen the money, you should have forgiven him.A. excused B. suffered C. offered D. admittedYou must admit the task to be difficult. / We all admit him to be foolish.Its generally admitted that 一般认为准许进入（或加入）admit sb to / into 允许进入/ 参加 be admitted into / to被接纳be admitted to college 被大学入取be admitted into / to a key university be admitted into the Party How many students have been admitted to our school this year? 今年有多少学生获准入学？Over 1000 students are admitted to our school every year. Children under 18 are not admitted to the film. 6. keep ones word/ promise 遵守诺言 He always keeps his word. 他总是信守诺言。 Dont believe him, for he never keep his word. 别信他，他从不信手诺言。反义词：break ones word7. swear vt. / vi. (swore, sworn)发誓，宣誓 swear sth. / swear to do / swear that They swore eternal friendship. 他们发誓友情不渝。 He swore never to drink. = He swore that he would never drink. I swore not to tell anybody about it. Are you willing to swear in court that you saw him do it? 你愿意在法庭上宣誓说你曾看见他做那件事了吗？(at) 诅咒，咒骂（同）curse She swore at the man in her way but people glared at her. 8 forgive_vt.原谅，宽恕 I was unkind last night, please forgive me if you can. 能否请你原谅。 forgive sb. for doing sth.原谅某人所做的事 forgive sb. for sth.因原谅某人 forgive sbs sth.原谅某人某事 forgive sb.s debt._免除某人债务9. trouble 1) n. Whats the trouble? = Whats wrong? 出什么事了？be in trouble处于困境Dont laugh at people who are in trouble.If you are in trouble, please turn to me for help.get into trouble 陷入困境Even an experienced climber can get into trouble.哪怕是个有经验的登山者也能陷入困境。have trouble/ difficulty/ problems in doing I had some trouble in reading the letter. His handwriting is very bad.ask for trouble 自找麻烦Driving after drinking alcohol is asking for trouble. 酒后开车是自讨苦吃。 put sb. to trouble 给某人添麻烦 put sb to a lot of trouble 给某人添了很多麻烦put sb. to the trouble of doing sth.Im sorry to have put you to so much trouble. 很抱歉，给您添了这么多麻烦。take the trouble to do 费神做，不辞劳苦地去做He is so kind as to take the trouble to help me with my English.他真是太好了，不辞劳苦地帮我学英语。cause/ make trouble 惹麻烦，闯祸Dont give him another drink or hell start causing trouble. 别让他再喝了，不然他会开始惹麻烦的。give/ bring sb trouble 给某人带来麻烦The new computer has been giving us a lot of trouble.这台新计算机给我们添了许多麻烦。（2008安徽卷）28. Are you happy with your new computer? No, it is _ me a lot of trouble. A. showing B. leaving C. giving D. sparing2) v. May I trouble you? / Sorry to trouble you. （口）我可以麻烦您一下吗？/ 对不起，麻烦您一下。Sorry to trouble you, but could you tell me the way to the station, please.对不起，麻烦您一下。请问到车站怎么走？（2005年天津卷）1. Sorry to _ you, but could I ask a quick question? No problem. A. worryB. prevent C. trouble D. disappoint10.focus n. 重点，专注的地方；焦点，关注点；v. 集中注意力；聚焦，后常接介词on 本章的重点是讲美国独立战争。 The focus of the chapter is the American Revolution.他今天一定很累，因为他好像无法专心思考。He must be very tired today, for hen doesnt seem to focus at all.集中精力于focus ones attention on focus ones efforts集中精力 focus ones thoughts集中思想11. as a result 结果；因此 他吃了一些坏西瓜， 结果，他生病了。 He ate some bad watermelon. As a result , he was ill.由于的原因。as a result of 因。而引起_result from 导致result in 由于粗心，他伤着自己了。As a result of his carelessness, he hurt himself.水变成冰是温度降低的结果。 The change of water into ice results from the decrease in temperature.紧张和疲劳常使人生病。Stress and tiredness often result in ill.12.mean.adj, 刻薄的，卑鄙的，吝啬的 He kept on saying really mean things to hurt me. 他不停的说一些刻薄的话来伤害我。.在钱上她一贯很吝啬。She is always mean with her money.打算做某事。mean to do sth.意味着。mean doing sth.应做，照道理，照规定应该做。be meant to do13.guilty adj. 内疚的， 有罪的 He can not possibly be guilty. 他是不可能有罪的。 be guilty of 犯，的罪 be guilty for / about sth.因为。感到内疚 我为没有早些给你写信而感到内疚。I felt guilty about not having written to you sooner.14.cruel. adj.刻毒的，残酷的，残忍的 It is/ was cruel of sb. to do sth.某人做。是残酷的。 她让小孩提那么重的箱子，真是残忍。 It was cruel of her to make the child carry such a heavy box.15. stand v.（用于否定句、疑问句）容忍，忍受（同）bear, endurestand doing sth. stand sb. / sth. He cant stand hot weather.I cant stand a lot of noise when I am reading.当我阅读时忍受不了那么大的噪声。I cant stand the man, for he talks too much.He cant stand being treated like that/ being kept waiting.None of us can stand other people laughing at us.（2006北京）35. I cant stand with Jane in the same office. She just refuses _talking while she works.A. working; stopping B. to work; stopping C. working; to stop D. to work; to stop 经受，经得起 Whether it can stand the test of time remains to be seen.（05山东）Modern plastics can _ very high and very low temperatures.A. stand B. hold C. carry D. support16.apologize vi 道歉 n.apology 向某人道歉。apologize to sb.因。道歉。apologize for sth.道歉。make an apology 接受/ 拒绝某人的道歉。accept ones apology 你做的事情是对的，你没有必要向他道歉。What you have done is right, You neednt apologize to her .没有通知你，我表示歉意。I must apologize for not letting you know ahead of time.我因为迟到向老师道歉。I made an apology to my teacher for my late.我打算接受你的道歉。I am going to accept your apology.17. likely adj. 很可能的，有希望的（同）probable, possible（反）unlikelyIt is likely that Sb. / Sth. be likely to do “可能”的几种表达：Its likely / probable / possible / that有可能= Chances are thatSb. / Sth. is likely to do sth.Its possible for sb. to do sth. （不能说：Sb. be probable to do sth./ Sb. be possible to do sth.）18. blame v. / n.blame sb. for (doing sth.) 因而责备某人blame sth. on sb. 把归咎于某人They blamed him for the accident. = They blamed the accident on him.（2006福建）33._for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits.A. Blaming B. Blamed C. To blame D. To be blamedto blame 应受谴责 I am to blame. 是我不好。/ It is I who am to blame.(NMET2002) The mother didnt know who to blame for the broken glass.母亲不知道该责备谁打破了玻璃。(2002上海) I feel it is your husband who is to blame for the spoiled child.（2006安徽）35. Mr. Green stood up in defense of the 16-year-old boy, saying that he was not the one A. blamed B. blaming Cto blame D. to be blamedn. (对于失败等的)责备，责难；非难 put / lay the blame (for sth.) on sb. 把责任推到某人身上He put/ laid the blame for his failure in the exam on his teacher.他将此次考试的失败归罪于他的老师。19. doubt n. / v. doubtful adj. 1) doubt n. “怀疑，疑惑”，后接同位语从句时，肯定句whether用引导，否定、疑问句用that引导There is no doubt that the earth moves round the sun. There is some doubt whether he is fit for the position.I have no doubt that you will succeed. 我肯定你能成功。.without / beyond doubt 无疑地，确实地 raise doubt in doubt 有疑问 She was beyond doubt the finest ballerina of her day. The cause of the accident is still in doubt. 那事件的原因依然尚未确定。2) doubt vt. “怀疑，疑惑” doubt + that(doubt为否定式) doubt + whether / if(doubt为肯定式)I doubt whether/ if he will keep his word.I dont doubt that our team will win.20. embarrass vt。使局促不安，使尴尬 n. embarrassment adj. embarrassed embarrass sb. with sth.用某事使某人不好意思embarrass sb. by doing sth. 做某事使人不好意思be embarrassed about sth. 对某事感到难为情不要问一些私人问题，让他尴尬。Dont embarrass him with personal questions.他问了一些私人问题而使我难为情。He embarrassed me by asking me some personal questions.当他们不停的说她聪明时，她很不好意思。She was embarrassed when he kept telling her how clever she was.在公开场合演讲是一件令人难为情的事。Making speeches in public is so embarrassing.21. in public 公开地；当众speak in public 当众演说He admitted his mistake in public. 他当众承认了自己的错误。 the public 公众 The museum will be open to the public next week. 22. gifted adj. 有天赋的；有天资的a gifted musician 有天赋的音乐家be gifted in The boy is gifted in painting. 这男孩在绘画上有天赋。gift n. 礼物；赠品，捐赠a Christmas gift 天赋；天资 a boy of many gifts 多才多艺的少年have a gift for He has a gift for music. 他有音乐的天赋。(05浙江4) Mrs. Taylor has an 8-year-old daughter who has a gift for paintingshe has won two national prizes. 23. strength n.力，力气（同）power, forcesave oneself/ ones energy/ strength for (the next game)(2001全国春招) Have a good rest, you need to save your energy for the tennis matchthis afternoon.He is saving himself/ his strength for the heavy work hell have to do this afternoon.(2005天津,10) Bill was doing a lot of physical exercise to build up his _. A. abilityB. forceC. strengthD. mindBill进行大量的锻炼以增强体力。强点，长处Im aware of my strengths and weaknesses myself. 我知道自己的优缺点。（2006湖北）21.To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their and weaknesses.A. strengths B. benefits C. techniques D. valuesstrengthen vt. / vi. （反义词weaken） strengthen national defence / unity 巩固国防/ 加强团结 Exercise will strengthen your body. 运动使你身体强健。 24.ruin vt 使毁灭，破坏成为废墟in ruins - 毁灭，灭亡，崩溃_go to fall to come to ruin bring sb. to ruin 使某人失败，使某人倾家荡产 be the ruin of 成为。毁灭| 堕落的原因词语辨析ruin damage destroy 这三个词都有破坏的意思，但各有所侧重。ruin 多泛指一般的“弄坏“，作名词复数用时，指具体的”废墟“。My new sweater is ruined.我的新毛衣全完了。The old temple has fallen into ruins.那座古寺已经破败不堪。damage指损坏后价值或效率的降低，一般是部分性的。The storm damaged the crops.暴风雨给农作物带来很大的损害destroy指不能或者很难修复的破坏。The buildings was completely destroyed by fire.那座大楼被火烧的一干二净。 25. delay 1) vt. 耽搁，延误 The train was delayed one hour by the accident. 这班火车因车祸而延误了一个小时。(2004辽宁) 33. John was late for the business meeting because his flight had been by a heavy storm. A. kept B. stopped C. slowed D. delayed 推迟，使延期（同）postpone delay doing 推迟做 Why have they delayed opening the school? 他们为什么延期开学？ I dont mind _ the decision as long as it is not too late. A. you to delay making B. your delaying making C. your delaying to make D. you delay to make 只要不太迟，我不介意你延期做出决定。2) vi. 耽搁，拖延 She delayed (for) two hours and missed the train. 她耽搁两个小时，把火车误了。3) n. 耽搁（的时间），延迟 without delay 迅速的，及时地（同）quickly We must leave without delay. 我们必须立即离开。 I arrived there without delay. 我顺利抵达，毫无耽搁。 a delay of two hours 两个小时的拖延 There was a delay of two hours before the plane took off. 飞机起飞推迟了两个小时。同义速辨：delay: 推迟，延误，指因故而延缓 postpone: 延期，延缓，指有意向后推迟hold up: 耽搁，拖延，常用于被动语态 put off: 取消26. persuade 说服，劝服，使某人相信persuade sb to do sth =persuade sb into (doing) sth 说服某人做某事persuade sb not to do sth = persuade sb out of (doing) sth 说服某人不要做某事persuade sb that = persuade sb of sth 使某人相信某事He persuaded his daughter to change her mind. 他说服女儿改变主意。How can we persuade him into joining us? 怎样才能说服他加入我们的活动呢？Dont let yourself be persuaded into buying things you dont really want.不要让别人说服你去买那些你并不需要的东西。 try to persuade sb. to do / into doing sth. = advise sb. to do I tried to persuade him to give up smoking, but failed. 我试图说服他戒烟，但失败了。27. make / take notes (a note) of 做笔记The students are busy taking notes in class.take note of = take notice of注意到，理会 Take note of what he says! 要注意他说的话！He took note of the change in her appearance. 他注意到她外表的变化。Take no notice of what others say about your way of life!(NMET2002) Marie Curie took little notice of the honours that were given to her in her later years.Did you take _ of the special flower in the garden? No, I was looking at the beautiful lake then. A. notes B. a note C. a notice D). note 28. discourage vt. 使泄气，使灰心（反）encourage 阻止，劝阻（同）preventdiscourage sb. from doing 打消（某人）要做的念头 He discouraged us from playing on the street. Her parents tried to discourage her from becoming a singer. 她的父母想劝她打消当歌星的念头。 encourage sb. to do He encouraged me to have a try.(2004北京，23) My adviser encouraged _ a summer course to improve my writing skills. A. for me taking B. me taking C. for me to take D. me to take29. anxious adj. 焦虑的；发愁的，令人焦急的（同）concerned(2005浙江) 13. My mother always gets a bit _ if we dont arrive when we say we will. A. anxiousB. ashamedC. weakD. patientbe anxious about 担心，对着急We are anxious about his safety. 渴望的；急切的（同）eager, keen be anxious to do 渴望做(95上海) She was _ to leave as soon as possible. A. hurried B. anxious C. worried D. nervousHe is anxious to know the result. 他急于想知道结果。 30. practical adj. 切合实际的；实用的Your invention is good, but not very practical.(2004广西，29) When we plan our vacation, mother often offers _ suggestions.A. careful B. practical C. effective D. acceptable31. get through 穿过，通过The road is narrow, so a truck cant get through (it). （2006全国卷2）18. There were a lot of people standing at the door and the small girl couldnt get _. A. between B. through C. across D. beyondIt took us a few minutes to get through the Customs. 使议案通过They succeeded in getting the bill through（使法案通过）。 通过（考试）She got through the exam. 她通过了考试。The teacher got all the pupils through without difficulty.老师让所有学生毫不费力地通过了。 度过（时间）Can the patient get through this winter? （电话）接通 (2005浙江) 19. I couldnt _. The line was busy. A. go by B. go aroundC. get in D. get throughI rang you several times yesterday but couldnt get through to you. 干完，完成 (manage to do or complete sth.)get through with ones work 完成工作（2006四川）25.The boss said we had only three days to finish the work. Dont worry. We have already _ two thirds of it.A. got down B. got through C. given in D. given away（2007天津卷）5. Hardly could he _ this amount of work in such a short time.A. get through B. get off C. get into D. get down 用完，花光He has got through all his pocket money 抵达目的地 The letters got through despite the bad weather. 尽管天气不好，信件还是到了。The train failed to get through in time because of the floods.（将）讲清楚 We explained once again but still couldnt get through to him. 我们又解释了一遍，但他仍然不懂我们的意思。 32. absorb vt. 吸收（水、热、光等）（同）take in （反）give outAs a colour, black absorbs more heat than red. 作为颜色，黑色比红色更能吸热。absorb knowledge 吸收知识 Clever children absorb knowledge easily. 吸引的注意力，使全神贯注be absorbed in (doing) sth. 全神贯注于；专心于be absorbed in thoughts 在沉思 = be lost in thoughtI was absorbed in a book and didnt hear you call. 我在专心看书，没有听见你叫我。He lay on the sofa, absorbed in his book. 他躺在沙发上，全神贯注地看书。He was so absorbed in his work and didnt notice me come in.他如此专心于他的工作一致于没注意到我进来了。经典考题： She was so _ in her job that she didnt hear anybody knocking at the door. A. attracted B. drawn C. absorbed D. concentratedSo absorbed was he that I didnt dare to make a sound.他如此专心致志，以致我不敢弄出一点声音。 33. attitude n. 态度，看法（同）view, opinion ones attitude towards / to 对的态度 Her attitude towards him was always rather cold. 她对他的态度总是相当冷淡。 What is your attitude to this plan？ The foreign companies took a wait-and-see attitude _ the new government. A. of B. toward C. at D. about34. hesitate vi. 犹豫，踌躇 hesitate to do sth 对犹豫不决Dont hesitate to do what you think is right. 不要犹豫去做你认为是对的事情。Dont hesitate to tell me if you have any requests. 如果你有什么要求，请告诉我，不要犹豫。hesitate about / at / over (doing) sth. 对犹豫不决He hesitates at nothing. 他从不优柔寡断。I hesitated about which way to go. 我对走哪条路还犹豫不决。She is still hesitating about/ at/ in / over sending her son to college.她对于要不要送儿子上大学一事仍犹豫不决。hesitation n. 犹豫 without hesitation 毫不犹豫35. respond to 对作出反应；对反应灵敏 respond to sb / sth (with sth) respond with a smile / respond with a blow 报以一击She responded to my letter with a phone call. 她收到我的信，给我回了个电话。 He responded (to my suggestion) with a laugh /by laughing. 他对我的建议报之一笑。The car responds well to the controls. 这辆汽车操纵灵敏。 The patient has not respond to treatment yet. 病人经治疗后未见起色。Mary responded quickly to the medicine and was well in a few days. n. response in response to 回应/ make no responseShe made no response.He opened the door in response to a knock.She laughed in response to his jokes. 她听了他的笑话大笑。36. regardless of 不管，不顾He says what he thinks, regardless of other peoples feelings.他想到什么就说什么，毫不考虑别人的感受。He went regardless of risk. 他不顾危险地去了。37. be determined to do sth 决定做某事 他决定在一家电脑公司找一份工作。 He was determined to find a job in a computer company.
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