人教版英语必修五-unit1-同步练习

第 1 页 共 11 页 Unit 1 Great scientists 单项选择 从 A B C D 四个选项中 选择最佳答案完成句子 1 The doctor suggested that the girl in order to lose weight A must not eat less B ought not to eat less C had better not eat less D not eat less 2 The little boy came back to life he took the medicine given by Doctor Snow A at once B immediately C at last D shortly 3 A statue of Dr Bethune was set up in honour of the contributions he had made A to help our revolutionary work B in help our revolutionary work C to saving so many lives in the war D for having saved so many lives in the war 4 A special team was sent to Shandong Province to look into the cause of the train accident And the investigation showed that high speed A was to be blamed B was to blame C should blame D had to blame 5 Who is the patient Maybe his sister A taking care B looking for C joining in D attending on 6 His report about the disaster was not believable He didn t really go to the spot instead he the whole story A thought up B set up C made up D put up 7 It will do harm to your health if you get to the X ray too much A exposed B linking C linked D exposing 8 Many people buying goods in this supermarket for its bad service A refused B rejected C resisted D removed 9 Finally things were under after days of the earthquakes 第 2 页 共 11 页 A control B charge C peace D disorder 10 From his face we could tell how thrilling the movie was A being terrified B terrifying C having terrified D terrified 11 He told me about the things at the meeting yesterday A discussed B to be disscussed C to discuss D being discussed 12 How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers The key the problem is to meet the damand by the customers A to solving making B to solving made C to solve making D to solve made 13 I m very with my own cooking It looks nice and smells delicious Mm it does have a smell A pleasant pleased B pleased pleased C pleasant pleasant D pleased pleasant 14 It s a pleasure to watch the face of a n baby A asleep B sleep C sleeping D slept 15 This is a temple during the Qing Dynasty A built B to be built C having built D being built 用括号中所给词汇的正确形式完成下列句子 1 John Snow told the story about the astonish people in Broad Street 2 Don t drink pollute water because it may cause diseases 3 Some of the people invite to the party couldn t come 4 There is a car park outside the house 5 We were inspire by the inspire news 6 Why are you looking so disappoint 7 He has been teaching for ten years He is an experience teacher 8 From the stomach the disease attacked the body quickly and soon the affect person was dead 9 His success is somewhat link to his hard work 10 The manager prefers reading the newspaper deliver to his office before setting 第 3 页 共 11 页 about work 根据所给的汉语提示及重点词语 将下列汉语译成英语 1 这种新药已经治愈了数以万计人的天花 这说明它是有效的 cure prove 2 昨晚半夜起来看球导致现在他在课堂上睡觉 lead 3 面对失败 哭泣没有任何用 use 4 不要总把失败归咎于他人 有时该怪自己 blame 5 他们正在全神贯注地看电影 absorb 完形填空 A successful scientist is generally a good observer He makes full 1 of the facts he observes He doesn t accept ideas which are not 2 on facts and therefore refuses to accept authority 权威 as the only reason for truth He always 3 ideas carefully and makes experiments to prove them The rise of 4 science may perhaps be considered to 5 as far back as the 6 of Roger Bacon the wonderful philosopher of Oxford who lived between the years 1214 and 1292 He was probably the first in the Middle Ages to suggest that we should learn science 7 observing and experimenting on the things around us and he himself 8 many important discoveries Galileo however who lived more than 300 years later was the greatest of several great men 9 lived in Italy France Germany or England began by 10 to show how many important 11 could be discovered by observation Before Galileo learned men believed that large bodies fell more 12 towards the earth than small ones because Aristotle said so But Galileo going to the 13 of the Leaning Tower of Pisa let fall two 14 stones and proved Aristotle was wrong It was Galileo s 15 of going 第 4 页 共 11 页 direct to Nature and proving our opinions and theories by experiment that has led to all the discoveries of modern science 1 A use B time C speed D trust 2 A worked B based C lived D written 3 A thinks B checks C has D learn 4 A natural B physical C ancient D modern 5 A date B keep C look D take 6 A study B time C year D birth 7 A in B with C on D by 8 A did B made C took D gave 9 A who B when C that D where 10 A ways B degrees C levels D chance 11 A truths B problems C people D subjects 12 A slowly B rapidly C lightly D heavily 13 A place B foot C top D ceiling 14 A big B small C equal D unequal 15 A spirit B skill C theory D discovery 阅读理解 根据短文内容选择正确答案 A Einstein was born in Ulm Germany on Mar 14 1879 Einstein s parents moved from Ulm to Munich when Einstein was still a baby The family business was the manufacture of electrical parts When the business failed in 1894 the family moved to Milan Italy At this time Einstein decided officially to give up his German citizenship Within a year still without having completed secondary school 中学 Einstein failed an examination that would have allowed him to continue with a course of study leading to a diploma 文凭 as an electrical engineer at the Swiss Federal Institue of Technology He spent the next year in nearby Aarau at a secondary school where he enjoyed excellent teachers and first rate facilities 设备 in physics Einstein returned in 1896 to the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology where he graduated in 1900 as a secondary school teacher of mathematics and physics 第 5 页 共 11 页 After two years he got a post at the Swiss patent 专利 office in Bern The patent office work required Einstein s careful attention but while employed 1902 1909 there he completed an astonishing range of publications in theoretical physics For the most part these texts were written in his spare time and without the benefit of close contact 接触 with either the scientific literature or theoretician colleagues Einstein submitted one of his scientific papers to the University of Zurich for a PhD degree in 1905 In 1908 he sent a second paper to the University of Bern and became a lecturer there The next year Einstein received a regular appointment as associate professor of physics at the University of Zurich By 1909 Einstein was recognized throughout German speaking Europe as a leading scientific thinker 1 Which of the following shows the right order of the events that happened to Einstein a graduated from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology b moved to Milan c got a post at the Swiss patent office in Bern d worked in the University of Zurich e studied at a secondary school in Aarau f gave up his German citizenship A c b a e d f B a b f e d c C b f e a d c D b f e a c d 2 How many countries did Einstein stay in before he became successful A 2 B 3 C 4 D 5 3 What did Einstein do when he was in the patent office A He paid little attention to his work B He wrote plenty of scientific works C He kept close contact with his friends D He read a lot of physics books 4 Which of the following do you think played the most important role in Einstein s success A His school year in the secondary school in Aarau B His years in the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology C His years in the Swiss patent office D His PhD degree B 第 6 页 共 11 页 Allison Schwartz from Connecticut Marie Curie is my hero because she shows determination and that if you keep at your goal you will get what you want She was an inventor and a scientist She discovered radium and she invented the first mobile X ray machine so that soldiers could be X rayed in the field when they were hurt I thought it was neat 极好的 that she was the first woman to receive the Nobel Prize for science Sebastian Robbins from Washington Someone who failed at something and moved beyond it For me it was Albert Einstein When I heard that he failed algebra 代数 I knew we had a connection When I heard at age nine he spoke hesitantly 吞吞吐吐的 I knew I had arrived I didn t let the facts dissuade 劝 阻 me In reality he never failed math but he did fail in the entrance exam to the Polytechnic Institute of Zurich that was enough for me I had to walk home with my share of papers that had have your mother call me written in red on part of the paper I would periodically think of the words from his gymnasium high school teacher in Munich Your mere presence here undermines 破坏 the class respect for me Rachel Kern from New Mexico I am a senior at the New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology majoring in chemistry with a minor 主修 in environmental science I am interested in many environmental issues including alternative 替代性的 energy I really admire scientists such as Linus Pauling Rachel Carson and Albert Einstein who did not separate their private beliefs from their work They combined their scientific knowledge with their moral 道德的 and ethical 伦理的 beliefs to educate others on environmental political and social issues Owen Paine from New Jersey I admire Einstein Okay I admire it I m an Einstein groupie Some mornings I even have his hair I have Einstein calendars coffee mugs posters neckties T shirts biographies 传纪 and even a life size soft sculpture 雕刻 of him sitting in my office I have everything Einsteinium except his problem solving skills 5 Why does Allison Schwartz admire Madame Curie A For her determination B For her scientific discovery 第 7 页 共 11 页 C For her scientific invention D For the Nobel Prize she won 6 Which of the following statements is NOT true about Einstein according to Sebastian Robbins A He was not good at algebra at school B He was a boy of slow speech C He failed the entrance exam to the Polytechnic Institute of Zurich D His gymnasium teacher in Munich liked him 7 Rachel Kern admires scientists A who did not separate their private beliefs from their work B who combined their life with their work C who educated others on environmental political and social issues D who studied environmental issues including alternative energy 8 The underlined word groupie most probably means A fan B friend C relative D copier 9 What can we learn about Owen Paine A He collects Einstein s hair B He likes to have Einstein s hair style sometimes C He has some of Einstein s T shirts D He has a stone sculpture of Einstein 书面表达 假如你为学校黑板报写稿介绍诺贝尔 Alfred Nobel 请根据以下提示写一篇图文并 茂的短文 身份 科学家 发明家 商人 个性 孤独 谦虚 害羞 不愿告诉别人自己的想法和感情 工作 精力充沛 沉迷科学和生意 日夜研究 工作 生活 生活俭朴 经常拒绝官方宴请 兴趣 对文学感兴趣 写剧本 小说 诗歌 但都没有发表 梦想 服务人类 设立 诺贝尔奖 奖励那些对人类做出杰出贡献的人 注意 1 词数 120 左右 开头已写好 第 8 页 共 11 页 2 衔接连贯自然 3 参考词汇 absorb apart from in addition to contribution literature 文学 modest 谦虚的 What do you know about Alfred Nobel Founder of the Nobel Prizes Alfred Nobel was born on October 21 1833 His father was an engineer in Stockholm Sweden 参考答案 单项选择 从 A B C D 四个选项中 选择最佳答案完成句子 1 D 解析 suggest 接宾语从句时表示 建议 从句中应该用 should 动词原形 表示 虚拟 should 可以省略 2 B 解析 immediately 相当于连词 表示 一 就 后接时间状语从句 3 C 解析 make contributions to sth doing sth 为 做贡献 4 B 解析 sb sth is to blame 某人 某事物应受责备 5 D 解析 attend on upon to 伺候 看护 照料 与 take care of 和 look after 为近义词 6 C 解析 think up 想出 set up 创设 make up 编造 put up 张贴 句义是 他编造了所 有的故事 故选 C 7 A 解析 get be done 表示 被 可以排除 B 和 D link 连接 连结 expose 暴 露 根据句义 过多接触 X 射线 会对健康造成危害 故选 A 8 B 解析 refuse to do 拒绝做某事 reject doing 拒绝做某事 cannot resist doing 禁不住做 某事 题干意思 因为服务差 许多人拒绝购买这家超市的商品 根据句型结构应选 B 9 A 解析 under control 一切在控制中 in charge 在掌管中 in disorder 处于混乱 根据 句义及搭配应选 A 第 9 页 共 11 页 10 D 解析 从后半句可推知前半句的意思是 从他惊愕的表情 terrified face 惊恐的脸 表示人很害怕的表情 terrifying 令人害怕的 故选 D 11 A 解析 句义为 他告诉我昨天在会上讨论的事情 事情是被讨论 可以排除 C 选项 B 表示将要被讨论 选项 D 表示正在被讨论 故选 A 12 B 解析 第一个空 the key to 中的 to 是介词 后面要接名词或者动名词 第二个空 要用 made 过去分词作定语 意思是 顾客提出的要求 故选 B 13 D 解析 过去分词作表语或定语时常用来修饰人 be pleased with 表示 对 满 意 pleasant 意思是 令人愉快的 修饰物 故选 D 14 C 解析 baby 与 sleep 之间是一种主动关系 所以用现在分词作定语 asleep 只能作 表语 故选 C 15 A 解析 temple 与 build 之间是被动关系 所以用过去分词作后置定语 to be built 表 示要修建 还没有修建 being built 表示正在修建当中 本句说庙宇是在清朝时修建的 所 以选 A 用括号中所给词汇的正确形式完成下列句子 1 astonished 2 polluted 3 invited 4 parked 5 inspired inspiring 6 disappointed 7 experienced 8 affected 9 linked 10 delivered 根据所给的汉语提示及重点词语 将下列汉语译成英语 1 After curing millions of people of their cholera the medicine proved effective 2 Getting up to watch a football match at midnight last night led to his falling asleep at class now 3 It is no use crying over failure 4 Don t always blame failure on others Sometimes you yourself are to blame 5 They were absorbed in watching a movie 完形填空 1 A 解析 make full use of 为固定短语 意为 充分利用 这里指充分采用他所观察的 事实 2 B 解析 be based on 意思为 以 为根据 这里指以事实为依据 3 B 解析 根据后面的内容 做实验来证明它们 可以推知本句句义为 他总是仔细审 核观点并做实验来验证 第 10 页 共 11 页 4 D 解析 从此句后半部分以及本文最后一句可以知道应该是指 现代科学 5 A 解析 date back to 为固定短语 意思是 追溯到 时间 6 B 解析 此处 time 意思是 时代 时期 7 D 解析 句义为 我们应该通过对周围的事情进行观察和做实验来学科学 on 和 by 都有 靠 凭借 的意思 on 后常常接名词或代词 by 后常接动名词 8 B 解析 make a discovery 为固定短语 意思是 发现 在此符合题意 9 A 解析 此处 who 引导一个定语从句 who 指代前面的 the greatest of several great men 10 B 解析 by degrees 是一个固定短语 相当于 gradually 意思是 渐渐地 逐渐地 11 A 解析 根据语境 此处是指通过观察 实验来发现 真理 truth 而不是 问题 12 B 解析 此处讲述的是在伽利略之前的科学家的观点 即大物体比小物体更快地着地 故选 B 13 C 解析 实验是在比萨斜塔的 顶上 进行的 14 D 解析 根据上文 此前人们相信大物体总比小物体下落快 为了通过实验来推翻亚 里士多德的这一观点 伽利略到比萨斜塔的顶上同时放下两个体积 不等的 石块 15 A 解析 从上文可以看出 这就是伽利略直接走向大自然的精神 也正是由于伽利略 这一深入事物本质 并通过实验证明观点和理论的精神引领了所有现代科学的发现 此处 spirit 意思是 精神 阅读理解 根据短文内容选择正确答案 1 D 解析 按照这些事件发生的时间顺序可以判断选择 D 2 B 解析 细节题 文中提到他出生在德国 1894 年全家搬到意大利 后来又在瑞士上 学和工作 所以是 3 个国家 3 B 解析 由第二段第二句和第三句可知 正确答案是 B 其他选项与文章不符 4 A 解析 由第一段倒数第二句可知 in a secondary school in Aarau 期间 他遇到了非常优 秀的教师和第一流的设备 其他阶段文章并未做出专门介绍 故选 A 5 A 解析 细节题 第一段第一句明确告诉我们答案 6 D 解析 由第二段最后一句可知老师并不喜欢爱因斯坦 所以选 D 其他选项文中都 第 11 页 共 11 页 提到了 7 A 解析 由第三段第三句可知正确答案是 A 8 A 解析 后面讲到了 我 会梳爱因斯坦式的发型 收集印有爱因斯坦的日历 咖啡 杯 海报等等 所以不难看出是爱因斯坦的 粉丝 故选 A 9 B 解析 由最后一段可知 选项 A C 和 D 都与文章不符 只有 B 表述符合文义 书面表达 参考范文 What do you know about Alfred Nobel Founder of the Nobel Prizes Alfred Nobel was born on October 21 1833 His father was an engineer in Stockholm Sweden As a famous scientist inventor and businessman Alfred Nobel was a lonely man He was very modest often appearing shy to other people He was unwilling to speak about his thoughts or feelings He had amazing energy and was deeply absorbed in scientific ideas and his business and devoted himself night and day to his studies and work He led a simple life and often refused invitations to official dinners In addition he had a long interest in literature and liked writing plays novels and poems However most of them remained unpublished His dream was to be of service to mankind so he left a great deal of money to award those who have made great contributions for mankind