初中英语过去进行时专项语法讲解.doc

初中英语过去进行时专项语法讲解(一）定义 过去进行时，是表示过去某个具体时刻正在进行的事情或动作。（二）结构 was/were +doing (现在分词）（三）用法 1、过去进行时表示过去某段时间内持续进行的动作或者事情。常用的时间状语this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while例如：We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。What was he researching all day last Sunday?上周日他一整天都在研究什么？My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.我哥哥骑自行车的时候从车上摔下来，受伤了。It was raining when they left the station.他们离开车站的时候天正在下雨。When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.当我到达山顶的时候，阳光灿烂。2. 过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情。时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。如：What was she doing at nine oclock yesterday?昨天晚上九点她在做什么？ (介词短语表示时间点)When I saw him he was decorating his room.当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间。 (when从句表示时间点)3. 在复合句中，如果主要动作和背景动作都是延续的或同时发生的，那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时。例如：While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.他边等车边看报。 (两个动作都是延续的)He was cleaning his car while I was cooking.他擦车时我在做饭。(两个动作同时进行)4. 通常不能用于过去进行时的动词主要有：agree, be, believe, belong, care, forget, hate, have(拥有), hear, know, like, love, mean, mind, notice, own, remember, seem, suppose, understand, want, wish等。例如：误：I was knowing the answer.正：I knew the answer. 我知道答案。误：I wasnt understanding him.正：I didnt understand him. 我不明白他的意思。典型例题：1) Mary _ a dress when she cut her finger.A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes 答案C. 割伤手指是已发生的事情，应用过去时。同时，when表时间的同时性，“玛丽在做衣服时”提供事情发生的背景，因此用过去进行时。2) As she _ the newspaper, Granny _ asleep.A. read; was fallingB. was reading; fellC. was reading; was fallingD. read;fell 答案B.句中的as = when, while，意为当之时。描述一件事发生的背景时，用过去进行；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。句意为 在她看报纸时，奶奶睡着了。句中的 fell (fall的过去时)，是系动词，后跟形容词，如：fall sick。（四）过去进行时和一般过去时的区别 1一般过去时叙述旧事，过去进行时描述背景。、一般过去时）叙述过去状态、动作或事件He went to Beijing the other day.（带具体时间）表示过去的习惯a) would ,used to与过去时would 表间断性不规则的习惯，常带频率时间used to 表一贯性有规律的习惯They used to meet and would sometimes exchange one or two words.He smoked a lot two years ago. （过去行为）b) Would 用于文中不用于句首，只表过去习惯。Used to 表今昔对比的含义，叙述习惯动作可与would 换用。When he was a boy , he would often go there . （叙述过去）She isnt what she used to be. (今昔对比)c) 表示状态时一般只用used toTom used to be fat /There used to stand a tree there. (状态)d) was (were) used to +ving表示“合适于，适应于.”He used to work at night . (“习惯”表经常)He was used to working at night. (习惯表适应)）表示过去的经历，平行动作，依此事件用一般过去时。He sat there and listened to the radio.(依此发生)）表示客气委婉的语气，用于情态动词，助动词和want , wonder , hope 等How did you like the film? / Could you help me?B. 过去进行时表示在过去某阶段或某一时刻正在发生What were you doing at 8:30 last night? (过去某时刻正在发生)短暂性动词用过去进行时表示按计划、打算During that time he was going with us.(表示打算)与always ,often ,usually 等连用表喜爱，讨厌等感情色彩。He was always Changing his mind.2、过去进行时与一般过去时的区别A. 进行时表某一行为的“片断”一般时表示行为的“整体”和存在的状态。I was reading the book at that time. (未读完，“读”的片段)I read the book yesterday. (已读完，表整个“读”)B、一般持续时间状语多与进行时连用It was raining all night.(优先用was raining ,rained 为持续动词，故也可使用)He was writing a letter the whole of afternoon. (短暂动词与持续时间连用，表反复，连续发生，不可用一般过去时)C、while 时间状语从句中用短暂动词时只能用进行时。例：He broke a chair while he was jumping up and down.D、While 所在主从句动作大致持续相等时主从句一般都用进行时，但若是持续动词可都用一般过去时，两个动作一长一短时短的用一般时，长的用进行时。I was cooking the dinner while he was playing the piano.(平行)I cooked the dinner while he played the piano.I saw him while I was walking to the station.3、英语中有四类动词一般不用进行时（不用现在进行时和过去进行时）1)表心理状态、情感的动词，如love ,hate ,like ,care ,respect ,please ,prefer ,know 等，若用进行时则词意改变。Im forgetting it . (=beginning to forget )2)表存在、状态的动词，如appear ,exist ,lie ,remain ,stand ,seem等3)表感觉的动词，如see ,hear ,feel ,smell ,sound ,taste等.4)表一时性的动词，如accept ,allow ,admit ,decide ,end ,refuse ,permit ,promise等。5、例题考题1 As she _the newspaper ,Granny _ asleep .(95)A. read /was falling B .was reading /fellC. Was reading /was falling D. read/fell分析 时间从句的动作长，而“入睡”动作短，故前者用过去进行时，而较短动词用一般过去时，选B考题2 Tom _ into the house when no one _ .A. slipped/was looking B. Had slipped /lookedC. slipped/had looked D. was slipping /looked分析 此题先要理解好when ，表“此时”，说明主句中slipped是较短行为，而look是较长行为的片断，即汤姆溜进房子，此时没人瞧见，故选A为正确。编辑本段时态比较过去进行时与一般过去时都强调过去发生的事 进行时强调过程，不一定完成 过去时强调事件，一定完成 p,s表示一个动作正在进行时，另一个动作发生了 如：He played when I was studying. 过去进行时与一般过去时，两者都表示过去发生的动作,但过去进行时表示在过去某一特定的时间点或时间段正在进行的动作,而一般过去时表示在过去时间完成的动作例如: I was typing a letter last night. 昨晚我在打一封信(可能没打完) I typed some letters last night. 我昨晚打了一些信(已经打完) 1、一般过时往往表示某一动作已经完成，而过去进行时却表示动作在持续或未完成。 She wrote a letter to her friend last night. 她昨晚给朋友写了封信。 (信写完了) She was writing a letter to her friend last night. 她昨晚一直在给朋友写信。 (信不一定写完) 2、一般过去时表示只做一次动作，而过去进行时却表示动作反复地进行。 She waved to me. 她朝我挥了挥手。 3、句中有a moment ago之类的短语一般用一般过去时。 4、句中有at this time last Sunday, from 8 to 9 yesterday 之类的状语一般用过去进行时。过去进行时可以用来代替一般过去时，表示更为偶然而非预定的动作： I was talking to Tom the other day 那天我跟汤姆聊天来着。 这里的过去进行时给人的印象是这一动作既不特殊，也不引人注目。它同时还倾向于解除主语对于这一动作所负的责任。句中谁先开口说话既不清楚，也无关紧要。要注意它与一般过去时的差异： 注意：进行时态只用于表示显然是连续不断的动作。如果把动作分割开，或者说出其发生的次数，就必须用一般过去时：I talked to Tom several times 我跟汤姆谈过几次话。 Tom washed both cars 汤姆把两辆汽车都洗了。 当然，看来是并行的两个动作可以都用进行时态来表示： Between one and two I was doing the shopping and walking the dog一点到两点之间我在购物、遛狗。 这样用的进行时态通常和某些时间状语如 today，last night，in the afternoon连用。这些时间状语可以看做是表示某一时刻，也可以看做是表示某一段时间。如上面例句所示，某一段时间也可以用确切的时间来表示。 如想问起一段时间怎样度过时，用过去进行时态要用比一般过去时显得有礼貌： What were you doing before you came here？（你来这里之前做什么工作？）要比 What did you do be fore you came here？听起来有礼貌。 另一方面， What were you doing in my room？（你在我的房间里干什么来着？）可能表示这样一种情感：我认为你没有权利在我的屋子里。但 What did you do in my room？却毫无这种含义。 不用于进行时的动词感官动词：hear,see,notice,feel,taste 表示态度感情的动词：like,love,hate 表心理状态：feel,want,prefer 表占有：own,have, 表存在状态和持续：look,owe,be when 和while的用法区别 两者的区别如下： when是at or during the time that, 既指时间点，也可指一段时间； while是during the time that，只指一段时间，因此when引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以是终止性动词，也可以是延续性动词，而while从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。 when 说明从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时，也可以是先后发生；while 则强调主句的动作在从句动作的发生的过程中或主从句两个动作同时发生。 由when引导的时间状语从句，主句用过去进行时，从句应用一般过去时；如果从句和主句的动作同时发生，两句都用过去进行时的时候，多用while引导，如： a. When the teacher came in, we were talking. 当此句改变主从句的位置时，则为： While we were talking, the teacher came in. b They were singing while we were dancing.最后冲刺2012高考英语十六种时态用法详解：过去进行时1. 过去进行时的定义过去进行时主要表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，或表示过去某一阶段一直在进行的动作。如：I was having a talk with Li Hua at that time. 那时，我正在跟李华谈话。I was watching TV at home last night. 昨晚我一直在看电视。2. 过去进行时的结构过去进行时由“was / were + 现在分词”构成。如：I was doing my lessons then. 那时，我在做功课。We were cleaning the house. 我们在打扫房子。3. 使用过去进行时应注意的几点(1) 过去进行时可表示按计划、安排过去某时刻将要发生的动作。如：He said they were leaving for Beijing this afternoon. 他说他今天下午要去北京。(2) 动词hope, wonder等的过去进行时常用来表示提出要求，虽然表示现在的内容，但语气比一般现在时或一般过去时要委婉。如：I was wondering whether you could come to join us. 我想你能否过来跟我们一起活动？(3) 过去进行时中有always, forever, continually, constantly修饰时，表示说话人的赞赏或厌烦的感情。如：He was always thinking of others. 他总是想到人家。4. 过去进行时与一般过去时的区别(1) 过去进行时强调动作在过去某时刻正在进行或持续，而一般过去时表示动作的完成。如：He was writing his composition last night. 他昨晚在写作文。(不一定写完)He wrote his composition last night. 他昨晚写了一篇作文。(已经写完)(2) 表示过去的状态、感觉及心理活动的静态动词(如be, like, love, hate, fear, own, hear, see, know, want, notice)可用于一般过去时，但通常不用于进行时。如：I hated it when a man spoke with his mouth full of food. 我讨厌人们说话时口里含着食物。(3) 一般过去时与always, constantly, forever, continually等连用，表示“过去经常性、习惯性的动作”；而过去进行时与always, constantly, forever, continually等连用，表示动作的重复，常带有感情的色彩。如：He always got up at six. 他过去总是六点起床。He was always thinking of his work. 他总是一心想到工作。(4) 有时过去进行时可以用来替换一般过去时，但一般过去时表示主语的行为是经过认真考虑的；而过去进行时表示一种较随便或没有进行仔细考虑的行为。如：I thought that he would agree with us. 我原以为它会同意我们的。I was thinking of persuading him to follow my advice. 我想到了要说服他接受我们的建议高考英语语法辅导过去进行时讲解及习题练习一、构成方法过去进行时由 was/were 加现在分词构成。二、用法说明表示在过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在发生的动作。如：What were you doing this time yesterday? 昨天这个时候你在做什么？During the summer of 1999 she was travelling in Europe. 1999年夏天她在欧洲旅行。 表示过去将来，多用于go, come, leave, start, take off等动词。如：He said he was leaving for home in a day or two. 他说他一两天之内就动身回家了。 表示过去的经常动作，常与always，forever等连用，略带感*彩。如：She was always thinking of others. 她老是想到别人。(赞扬) She was forever complaining. 她老是抱怨。(厌烦) 表示某个短暂性动作发生的背景。如果主句谓语和从句谓语都发生在过去，动作时间长的用过去进行时，表达谈话背景；动作时间短的用一般过去时，表达新的信息。如：I was reading the newspaper when the doorbell rang. 我正在看报，突然门铃响了。Jim burnt his hand when he was cooking the dinner. 吉姆做饭时把手烫了。I met Diana while I was shopping this morning. 我今早买东西时碰到了戴安娜。 表示两个同时持续的动作。如：I was doing my homework while he was listening to music. 我在做作业而他在听音乐。 过去进行时可以表示客气的语气。如：I was wondering if you could give me a lift. 不知我可否顺便搭你的车。过去进行时专项讲解（一）定义过去进行时，是表示过去某个具体时刻正在进行的事情或动作。（二）结构was/were +doing （现在分词）（三）用法 1、过去进行时表示过去某段时间内持续进行的动作或者事情。常用的时间状语this morning， the whole morning， all day yesterday， from nine to ten last evening， when， while例如：We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。What was he researching all day last Sunday？上周日他一整天都在研究什么？My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.我哥哥骑自行车的时候从车上摔下来，受伤了。It was raining when they left the station.他们离开车站的时候天正在下雨。When I got to the top of the mountain， the sun was shining.当我到达山顶的时候，阳光灿烂。2. 过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情。时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。如：What was she doing at nine oclock yesterday？昨天晚上九点她在做什么？（介词短语表示时间点）When I saw him he was decorating his room.当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间。（when从句表示时间点）3.在复合句中，如果主要动作和背景动作都是延续的或同时发生的，那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时。例如：While he was waiting for the bus， he was reading a newspaper.他边等车边看报。（两个动作都是延续的）He was cleaning his car while I was cooking.他擦车时我在做饭。（两个动作同时进行）4.通常不能用于过去进行时的动词主要有：agree， be， believe， belong， care， forget， hate， have（拥有）， hear， know， like， love， mean， mind， notice， own， remember， seem， suppose， understand， want， wish等。例如：误：I was knowing the answer.正：I knew the answer. 我知道答案。误：I wasnt understanding him.正：I didnt understand him. 我不明白他的意思。典型例题：1） Mary _ a dress when she cut her finger. A. madeB. is makingC. was makingD. makes答案C. 割伤手指是已发生的事情，应用过去时。同时，when表时间的同时性，“玛丽在做衣服时”提供事情发生的背景，因此用过去进行时。2） As she _ the newspaper， Granny _ asleep.A. read； was falling B. was reading； fell C. was reading； was falling D. read；fell答案B.句中的as = when， while，意为当之时。描述一件事发生的背景时，用过去进行；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。句意为 在她看报纸时，奶奶睡着了。句中的 fell （fall的过去时），是系动词，后跟形容词，如：fall sick。（四）过去进行时和一般过去时的区别1.一般过去时叙述旧事，过去进行时描述背景。A、一般过去时1）叙述过去状态、动作或事件He went to Beijing the other day.（带具体时间）2）表示过去的习惯a） would ，used to与过去时would 表间断性不规则的习惯，常带频率时间used to 表一贯性有规律的习惯They used to meet and would sometimes exchange one or two words.He smoked a lot two years ago. （过去行为）b） Would 用于文中不用于句首，只表过去习惯。Used to 表今昔对比的含义，叙述习惯动作可与would 换用。When he was a boy ， he would often go there . （叙述过去）She isnt what she used to be. （今昔对比）c） 表示状态时一般只用used toTom used to be fat /There used to stand a tree there. （状态）d） was （were） used to +ving表示“合适于，适应于.”He used to work at night . （“习惯”表经常）He was used to working at night. （习惯表适应）3）表示过去的经历，平行动作，依此事件用一般过去时。He sat there and listened to the radio.（依此发生）4）表示客气委婉的语气，用于情态动词，助动词和want ， wonder ， hope 等How did you like the film？ / Could you help me？B. 过去进行时-表示在过去某阶段或某一时刻正在发生What were you doing at 8：30 last night？（过去某时刻正在发生）-短暂性动词用过去进行时表示按计划、打算During that time he was going with us.（表示打算）-与always ，often ，usually 等连用表喜爱，讨厌等感情色彩。He was always Changing his mind.2、过去进行时与一般过去时的区别A. 进行时表某一行为的“片断”一般时表示行为的“整体”和存在的状态。I was reading the book at that time. （未读完，“读”的片段）I read the book yesterday. （已读完，表整个“读”）B、一般持续时间状语多与进行时连用It was raining all night.（优先用was raining ，rained 为持续动词，故也可使用）He was writing a letter the whole of afternoon. （短暂动词与持续时间连用，表反复，连续发生，不可用一般过去时）C、while 时间状语从句中用短暂动词时只能用进行时。例：He broke a chair while he was jumping up and down.D、While 所在主从句动作大致持续相等时主从句一般都用进行时，但若是持续动词可都用一般过去时，两个动作一长一短时短的用一般时，长的用进行时。I was cooking the dinner while he was playing the piano.（平行）I cooked the dinner while he played the piano.I saw him while I was walking to the station.3、英语中有四类动词一般不用进行时（不用现在进行时和过去进行时）1）表心理状态、情感的动词，如love ，hate ，like ，care ，respect ，please ，prefer ，know 等，若用进行时则词意改变。Im forgetting it . （=beginning to forget ）2）表存在、状态的动词，如appear ，exist ，lie ，remain ，stand ，seem等3）表感觉的动词，如see ，hear ，feel ，smell ，sound ，taste等.4）表一时性的动词，如accept ，allow ，admit ，decide ，end ，refuse ，permit ，promise等。5、例题考题1 As she _the newspaper ，Granny _ asleep .（95）A. read /was falling B .was reading /fellC. Was reading /was falling D. read/fell分析时间从句的动作长，而“入睡”动作短，故前者用过去进行时，而较短动词用一般过去时，选B考题2 Tom _ into the house when no one _ .A. slipped/was looking B. Had slipped /lookedC. slipped/had looked D. was slipping /looked分析此题先要理解好when ，表“此时”，说明主句中slipped是较短行为，而look是较长行为的片断，即汤姆溜进房子，此时没人瞧见，故选A为正确。一、用动词的适当形式填空1. While we _ (wait) for the bus, a girl _ (run) up to us.2. I _ (telephone) a friend when Bob _ (come) in.3. Jim _ (jump) on the bus as it _ (move) away.4. We _ (test) the new machine when the electricity _ (go) off.5. She _ (not want) to stay in bed while the others _ (all, work) in the fields.6. While mother _ (put) Cathy to bed, the door bell _ (ring).7. As I _ (walk) in the park, it _ (begin) to rain.8. Even when she _ (be) a child she _ (already, think) of becoming a ballerina (芭蕾舞演员).9. It was quite late at night. George _ (read) and Amy _ (ply) her needle when they _ (hear) a knock at the door.10. There _ (be) a group round the fire when they _ (reach) it. An old woman _ (sit) on the ground near the kettle; two small children _ (lie) near her; a donkey _ (bend) his head over a tall girl.11. I _ (have) my breakfast at half past six yesterday morning.12. Mary _ (go) over her lessons from six to seven last night. John and peter _(do) the same thing.13. What _ you _ (do) at that time? We _ (watch) TV.14. Was your father at home yesterday evening? Yes ,he was. He _ (listen) to the radio.15. They _(not make) a model ship when I saw him.16. _ they _ (have) a meeting at 4 yesterday afternoon?No, they _. They _ (clean) the classroom.17. _ it _(rain) when you left school? Yes, it _. (No, it _)18. What _ your father _ (do) when he was your age?19. One day, Edison _ (wait) for a train to arrive, and suddenly a little boy ran to the track(轨道) to play.20. He asked me if I _ (go) fishing that afternoon.21. The three of them were in a hurry because their plane _ (leave) in five minutes.22. In a letter, john told us that he _ (come) to china next month.23. When the bell rang, jenny _ (wait) in her seat.24. She _ (make) her dress the whole afternoon.25. While my father _ (look) through the evening paper, he suddenly _ a cry.26. When I _ (come) in the room, he _ (see) me, for he _ (read) something27. When we _ (arrive) at the village, it _ (get) dark and it _ (rain) hard.28. I _ (know) you _(wait) for me here.29. One day a little monkey _(play) in a tall tree. A mother crocodile(鳄鱼) _ (look) for food near the bank.30. What _ your father _ (do) yesterday evening? He _ (study) at the evening school.初中英语语法 过去进行时练习题一、用动词的适当形式填空1. While we _ (wait) for the bus, a girl _ (run) up to us.2. I _ (telephone) a friend when Bob _ (come) in.3. Jim _ (jump) on the bus as it _ (move) away.4. We _ (test) the new machine when the electricity _ (go) off.5. She _ (not want) to stay in bed while the others _ (all, work) in the fields.6. While mother _ (put) Cathy to bed, the door bell _ (ring).7. As I _ (walk) in the park, it _ (begin) to rain.8. Even when she _ (be) a child she _ (already, think) of becoming a ballerina (芭蕾舞演员).9. It was quite late at night. George _ (read) and Amy _ (ply) her needle when they _ (hear) a knock at the door.10. There _ (be) a group round the fire when they _ (reach) it. An old woman _ (sit) on the ground near the kettle; two small children _ (lie) near her; a donkey _ (bend) his head over a tall girl.11. I _ (have) my breakfast at half past six yesterday morning.12. Mary _ (go) over her lessons from six to seven last night. John and peter _(do) the same thing.13. What _ you _ (do) at that time? We _ (watch) TV.14. Was your father at home yesterday evening? Yes ,he was. He _ (listen) to the radio.15. They _(not make) a model ship when I saw him.16. _ they _ (have) a meeting at 4 yesterday afternoon?No, they _. They _ (clean) the classroom.17. _ it _(rain) when you left school? Yes, it _. (No, it _)18. What _ your father _ (do) when he was your age?19. One day, Edison _ (wait) for a train to arrive, and suddenly a little boy ran to the track(轨道) to play.20. He asked me if I _ (go) fishing that afternoon.21. The three of them were in a hurry because their plane _ (leave) in five minutes.22. In a letter, john told us that he _ (come) to china next month.23. When the bell rang, jenny _ (wait) in her seat.24. She _ (make) her dress the whole afternoon.25. While my father _ (look) through the evening paper, he suddenly _ a cry.26. When I _ (come) in the room, he _ (see) me, for he _ (read) something27. When we _ (arrive) at the village, it _ (get) dark and it _ (rain) hard.28. I _ (know) you _(wait) for me here.29. One day a little monkey _(play) in a tall tree. A mother crocodile(鳄鱼) _ (look) for food near the bank.30. What _ your father _ (do) yesterday evening? He _ (study) at the evening school.31. Later his parents found that he _ (sit) on some eggs.32. When he knocked at the door, my aunt _ (cook)33. The students _ (sing) and _ (dance) happily on the playground at that time.34. I _ (write) a letter when the door bell rang.35. We had no classed at that time. We _ (plant) trees.二、 选择题1.I _ cooked a meal when you _ me.a. cooked, were ringing b. was cooking, rangc. was cooking, were ringing d. cooked, rang2.He said he _ to draw a plane on the blackboard at that time.a. tries b. tried c. was trying d. will try3.While she _ TV, she _ a sound outside the room.a. was watching, was hearing b. watched, was hearingc. watched, heard d. was watching, heard4.They _ a football game from 7 to 9 last night.a. were watching b. wat