动词不定式用法-经典例句总结

定义 语态 动词和参与此动作的主语之间关系的一个术语 当主语是动作的发起者 或之一 时 称为主动语 态 如果动词不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者 不定式一般要用被动语态形式 如 It s a great honour to be invited to Mary s birthday party 不定式作主语是被动语态 to be invited 是被邀请 It was impossible for lost time to be made up 不定式作主语 I wish to be sent to work in the country 不定式作宾语 Can you tell me which is the car to be repaired 不定式作定语 He went to the hospital to be examined 不定式作状语 My work is to clean the room every day 不定式作表语 在 There be 结构中 修饰 主语的不定式可用被动 也可用主动 如 There are still many things to take care of to be taken care of 但有时两种形式表达的意思不同 如 There is nothing to do now We have nothing to do now There is nothing to be done now We can do nothing now 形式 1 现在式 一般现在时表示的动词 有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生 有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后 一般为 动词 to do sth He seems to know this I hope to see you again I hope that I ll see you again 我希望再见到你 2 完成式 表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前 I m sorry to have given you so much trouble He seems to have caught a cold 3 进行式 表示动作正在进行 与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生 He seems to be eating something 4 完成进行式 She is known to have been wreaking on the problem for many years 一般在表示情绪的动词后加 to do 也表将来 疑问词 疑问词 who what which when where whether how 后可接不定式构成 不定式短语 在句中作主语 宾语 表 语等 如 When to leave for London has not been decided yet 不定式在句子中做主语 Mr Smith didn t know whether to leave or stay there 不定式在句子中做宾语 I asked Professor Xu how to learn English well 不定式在句子中做直接宾语 The question was where to get the medicine needed 不定式在句子中表语 以上例句中疑问词 不定式部分 均可转换为相应的从句 形式 如 When we shall leave how I could learn 经常在这种结构中使用的动词有 consider decide discover explain find out forget hear know lea rn observe understand wonder 等 作主语 动词不定式作主语时 句子的谓语动词常用单数 其位置有以下两种 1 把不定式置于句首 如 To get there by bike will take us half an hour 骑自行车到那儿将花费我们半个小时 To make up for lost time is not possible 要弥补失去的时光是不可能的 To lean out of the window is dangerous 身子探出窗外很危险 To save money now seems impossible 现在好像不可能存钱 2 用 it 作形式主语 把真正的主语不定式置于句后 常用于下列句式中 如 It be 名词 to do It s our duty to take good care of the old 照顾老人是我们的责任 It is an offence to drop litter in the street 在马路上乱丢废物是违章的 It takes sb some time to do How long did it take you to finish the work 你花了多少时间来完成这项工作 It be 形容词 for sb to do It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition in a quarter of an hour 我们难以在四分之一小时内完成这 篇作文 It is stupid of you to write down everything that the teacher says 你把老师说的所有东西都记下来的行为是 很愚蠢的 It seems appears 形容词 to do It seemed impossible to save money 在句型 中 常用表示客观情况的形容词 如 difficult easy hard important impossible necessary 等 在句 型 中 常用 careless clever good foolish honest kind lazy nice right silly stupid wise 等 表示赞扬或批评的词 在不定式前的 sb 可看作其逻辑主语 这一句式有时相当于 Sb is 形容词 to do 句式 如 It s kind of you to help me with my English You are kind to help me with my English It 不定式结构可位于 believe consider discover expect find think 和 wonder 之后 He thought it would be safer to go by train 他认为乘火车比较安全 He will find it is hard to make friends 他会感觉到交朋友困难 不定式的完成式也可作句子的主语 To have made the same mistake twice was unforgivable 两次犯同样的错误是不可原谅的 It is better to have loved and lost than never to have loved at all 爱过而后失去了爱 比从未爱过要好 3 举例 1 It s easy for me to do that 我做这事太容易了 easy difficult hard important possible impossible comfortable necessary better the first the next the last the best too much too little not enough It s so nice to hear your voice 听到你的声音真高兴 It s necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it 当你不用车的时候 锁车是有必要的 2 It s very kind of him to help us 他帮助我们 他真好 Kind nice stupid rude clever foolish thoughtful thoughtless brave considerate 考虑周到 的 silly selfish 自私的 例句 It was silly of us to believe him 我们真愚蠢 竟然相信了他 It seemed selfish of him not to give them anything 他不给他们任何东西 这显得太自私了 注意 1 其他系动词如 look appear 等也可用于此句型 2 不定式作为句子成分时 动词用单数形式 3 当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时 不能用 It is to 的句型 对 To see is to believe 眼见为实 错 It is to believe to see 作宾语 1 以下动词后 只能跟不定式作宾语 afford 付得起 agree 同意 aim 力求做到 appear 显得 arrange 安排 ask 要求 attempt 试图 care 想要 choose 决定 claim 声称 condescend 屈尊 consent 准许 decide 决定 demand 要求 determine 决心 endeavor 竭力 expect 期待 fail 未履行 help 帮助 hesitate 犹豫 hope 希望 learn 学会 manage 设法 neglect 疏忽 offer 主动提出 plan 计划 prepare 准备 pretend 假装 proceed 接着做 promise 答应 prove 证明 refuse 拒绝 resolve 解决 seem 觉得好像 swear 发誓 tend 往往会 threaten 预示 undertake 承诺 volunteer 自愿做 vow 发誓 want 想要 wish 希望 举例 The driver failed to see the other car in time 司机没能及时看见另一辆车 I happen to know the answer to your question 我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案 2 动词 疑问词 不定式 decide know consider forget learn remember show understand see wonder hear find out explain tell Please show us how to do that 请演示给我们如何去做 There are so many kinds of tape recorders on sale that I can t make up my mind which to buy 有这么多的录 音机 我都拿不定主意买哪一种 注意 疑问词带不定式在句中作成分时 谓语动词用单数 The question is how to put it into practice 问题是怎样把它付诸实施 3 当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式时 先用形式宾语 it 代替不定式 把不定式置于补语之后 即 主语 动词 it 补语 to do 句式 如 We think it quite important for us to learn a foreign language well He feels it his duty to help the poor I find it difficult to learn English well 作补语 1 动词 宾语 不定式 to do 常见动词 advise allow believe cause challenge compel declare encourage forbid force find hire induce instruct invite like order permit persuade remind request require select sen d suppose tell train urge 例句 a Father will not allow us to play on the street 父亲不让我们在街上玩耍 b We believe him to be guilty 我们相信他是有罪的 2 to be 的不定式结构 作补语的动词 常见动词 Acknowledge believe consider think declare 声称 discover fancy 设想 feel find guess judge imagine know prove see 理解 show suppose take 以为 understand We consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class 我们认为汤姆是班上最好的学生之一 3 to be 形容词 常见动词 Seem appear be said be supposed be believed be thought be known be reported hope wish desire want plan expect mean The book is believed to be uninteresting 人们认为这本书没什么意思 4 there be 不定式 常见动词 believe expect intend like love mean prefer want wish undrstand We didn t expect there to be so many people there 我们没料到会有那么多人在哪里 有些动词需用 as 短语做补语 如 regard think believe take consider We regard Tom as our best teacher 我们认为汤姆是我们最好的老师 Mary took him as her father 玛丽把他当作自己的父亲 5 秃头不定式作补语 秃头不定式 即不带 to 的不定式 其语法功能一般在句子中作宾语的补语 宾语补足语 用秃头不定式作宾语补足语的常用动词如下 口诀 五看 三使役 两听 一感 要记住 若是 宾补 变 主补 主补 to 字不能无 动词 let 属例外 其宾 补 主补 to 均无 说明 五看 see watch notice observe look at 三使役 have make let 两听 hear listen to 一感 feel 例句 I often see him go to school on foot 秃头不定式作宾语补足语 He is often seen to go to school on foot 不定式作主语补足语 要带 to Let him try again He is let try again let 的主补与宾补均用秃头不定式 Find 特殊用法 Find 后可用 分词做宾补 或先加形式宾语 再加形容词 最后加带 to 的动词不定式 find 后也可带一个从句 此类动词还有 get have I found him lying on the ground I found it important to learn I found that to learn English is important 作表语 不定式作表语表示具体动作或将来动作 动名词作表语表示抽象的一般行为 To be kind to the enemy is to be cruel to the people My chief purpose is to point out the difficulties of the matter What I would suggest is to put off the meeting 当主语和表语都是不定式时 其含义一是条件 一是结果 例 当主语是 aim duty hope idea mista ke plan purpose suggestion 等为中心词的名词词组 例 时 或以 what 引导的名词性分句 例 不定 式说明主语的内容 Our work is serving the people What he likes is taking a walk after supper The story told by Mr Wang is interesting 句动名词作表语 与主语部分可以转换 如 Serving thepeople is our work 而 句中是现在分词作表语 说明主语的性质 状态 现在分词具有形容词的各种特征 另外 动名词作表语还应与进行时态区别开来 作状语 1 目的状语 To only to 仅仅为了 in order to so as to so such as to 如此 以便 He ran so fast as to catch the first bus 他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车 I come here only to say good bye to you 我来仅仅是向你告别 2 作结果状语 表事先没有预料到的 要放在句子后面 What have I said to make you angry He searched the room only to find nothing 3 表原因 I m glad to see you 典型例题 The chair looks rather hard but in fact it is very comfortable to A sit B sit on C be seat D be sat on 答案 B 如果不定式为 不及物动词 其后应有必要的介词 当动词与介词连用时 常位于 形容词 动词不定式 结构的末尾 作定语 不定式作定语 不定式在句中作定语 置于被修饰的名词或代词之后 如 The next train to arrive is from Washington Do you have anything to be taken to your sister Do you have anything to say on the question Would you please give me some paper to write on My wish to visit France has come true at last 不定式短语作定语和被修饰词之间表示以下关系 1 表示将来的动作 例 2 与被修饰词之间有动宾关系 如是不及物动词 则需加介词 例 3 与被修饰词之间有动宾关系 同时与句中其它词之间又有逻辑上的主谓关系时 尽管有被动含义 却仍 用 主动语态 例 如只有动宾关系 而无逻辑上的主谓关系 则需用被动语态 例 4 不定式作定语时 一般可转换为定语 从句 例 to arrive that will arrive 相关省略 1 情态动词 除 ought 外 ought to 意思是 应该 是情态动词 只有一种形式 后边接动词不定式 to 不能省略 ought to 没有人称和数的变化 后接动词原形 可以表示现在 将来或过去将来 由时间状语或上下文 决定 例如 They ought to come tomorrow 他们明天应当来 2 使役动词 let have make 3 感官动词 see watch look at notice observe hear listen to smell feel find 等后作宾补 省略 to 注意 在被动语态中则 to 不能省掉 在使役动词中 get 除外 get sb to do sth I saw him dance He was seen to dance The boss made them work the whole night They were made to work the whole night 4 表示个人意愿或倾向的 would rather had better might just as well rather than 置于句首时 Rather than ride on a crowded bus he always prefers to ride a bike 5 Why why not 6 help 可带 to 也可不带 to help sb to do sth 7 but 和 except but 前是动词 do 时 后面出现的动词用不带 to 的动词不定式 8 由 and or 和 than 连接的两个不定式 第二个 to 可以省去 9 通常在 discover imagine suppose think understand 等词后 可以省去 to be He is supposed to be nice 他应该是个好人 10 but 作介词 后接不定式结构时 前面谓语动词部分若含有 do 的形式时 but 后的不定式要省去 to 否则要带 to He wants to do nothing but go out He wants to believe anything but to take the medicine 11 当两个或多个不定时短语由连词 and but 或 or 连接时 后一个或几个不定式符号 to 常省略 但若表 示对比 对照关系时 则不能省略 He wants to move to France and marry the girl The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier not to make it more difficult 12 不定式做表语时 一般要带 to 但若主语部分中含有 do 的各种形式时 符号 to 可省去 We ve missed the last bus All we could do now is walk home 否定式 Tell him not to shut the window She pretended not to see me when I passed by 我走过的时候 她假装没看见 特殊句型 so as to 1 表示目的 它的否定式是 so as not to do Tom kept quiet about the accident so as not to lose his job 汤姆对事故保持沉默是为了不丢掉他的工作 Go in quietly so as not to wake the baby 轻点进去 别惊醒了婴儿 2 so kind as to 劳驾 Would you be so kind as to tell me the time 劳驾 现在几点了 2 Why not 动词原形 表达向某人提出建议 为什么不 干吗不 例如 Why not take a holiday 干吗不去度假 3 It s for sb 和 It s of sb 1 for sb 常用于表示事物的特征特点 表示客观形式的形容词 如 easy hard difficult interesting impossible 等 It s very hard for him to study two languages 对他来说学两门外语是很难的 2 of sb 的句型一般用表示人物的性格 品德 表示主观感情或态度的形容词 如 good kind nice clever foolish right It s very nice of you to help me 你来帮助我 你真是太好了 for 与 of 的辨别方法 用介词后面的代词作主语 用介词前边的形容词作表语 造个句子 如果道理上通顺用 of 不通则用 for 如 You are nice 通顺 所以应用 of He is hard 人是困难的 不通 因此应用 for 4 不定式的特殊句型 too to 1 too to 太 以至于 He is too excited to speak 他太激动了 说不出话来 Can I help you 需要我帮忙吗 Well I m afraid the box is too heavy for you to carry it but thank you all the same 不用了 这箱子太重 恐怕你搬不动 谢谢您 2 如在 too 前有否定词 则整个句子用否定词表达肯定 too 后那个词表达一种委婉含义 意 为 不太 It s never too late to mend 谚语 改过不嫌晚 3 当 too 前面有 only all but 时 意思是 非常 等于 very I m only too pleased to be able to help you 我非常高兴能帮助你 He was but too eager to get home 他非常想回家 相互区别 不定式与介词 to 区别 to 有两种用法 一为不定式 动词原形 一为介词 名词动名词 to 在下面的用法中是第二种 即 to 名词 动名词 admit to 承认 confess to 承认 be accustomed to 习惯于 be used to 习惯于 stick to 坚持 turn to 开始 着手于 devote oneself to 献身于 be devoted to 致力于 look forward to 盼望 pay attention to 注意 介词 but except besides to do do 在这种句型中 如介词前有动词 do 后面应接不带 to 的不定式 如无 do 则接 to 不定式 即带 do 不带 to 带 to 不带 do 如 The enemy solders had no choice but to give in On Sunday afternoon I had nothing to do but watch TV 区别联系 1 动名词与不定式的区别 动名词表达的是 状态 性质 心境 抽象 经常性 已发生的 不定式表达的是 目的 结果 原因 具 体 一次性 将发生的 2 接不定式或动名词 意义相同 3 在下列情况下 一般要用不定式 hate like love 前有 would should 时 如 I d like to have a cup of coffee 当谓语动词 begin continue start 等是进行式时 如 The students are starting to work on the difficult maths problem begin continue start 与 know understand 等状态动词连用时 如 I soon began to understand what was happening advise allow encourage forbid permit 等动词后接动名词作宾语 或带不定式作宾语补足语 如 Our teachers don t permit our us swimming in the lake Our teachers don t permit us to swim in the lake 4 部分动词后接不定式或动名词时 意义差别较大 应根据句子语境选择使用 forget remember regret 后接不定式 表示现在或未来的动作 接动名词表示动作已经发生 如 Don t forget to post the letter for me Have you forgotten meeting her in Beijing Airport Remember to close the windows before you leave I remember writing him a letter a year ago We regret to tell you that all of you are not invited toattend the meeting They regretted ordering these books from abroad 语义不同 目录 1 stop to do 停现在做的去做另一件事 stop doing 停止正在做某事 2 forget to do 忘记去做某事 forget doing 忘记做了某事 3 remember to do 记得要去做某事 remember doing 记得做过某事 4 regret to do 遗憾做某事 regret doing 遗憾做了某事 5 cease to do cease doing 6 try to do 努力做某事 try doing 试着做某事 7 go on to do 继续去做某事 go on doing 继续做某事 8 afraid to do 担心做某事 afraid doing 担心正在做的事 9 interested to do 对做某事感兴趣 interested doing 对正在做的感兴趣 10 mean to do 打算做某事 mean doing 做某事很有意义 11 begin start to do 开始去做某事 begin start doing 开始做某事 forget doing to do forget to do 忘记要去做某事 未做 forget doing 忘记做过某事 已做 The light in the office is stil on He forgot to turn it off 办公室的灯还在亮着 他忘记关了 没有做关灯的动作 He forgot turning the light off 他忘记他已经关了灯了 已做过关灯的动作 Don t forget to come tomorrow 别忘了明天来 to come 动作未做 remember doing to do remember to do 记得去做某事 未做 remember doing 记得做过某事 已做 Remember to go to the post office after school 记着放学后去趟邮局 Don t you remember seeing the man before 你不记得以前见过那个人吗 regret doing to do regret to do 对要做的事遗憾 未做 regret doing 对做过的事遗憾 后悔 已做 I regret to have to do this but I have no choice 我很遗憾必须这样去做 我实在没有办法 I don t regret telling her what I thought 我不为告诉她我的想法而后悔 cease doing to do cease to do 长时间 甚至永远停做某事 cease doing 短时停止做某事 以后还会接着做 That department has ceased to exist forever 那个部门已不复存在 The girls ceased chatting for a moment when their teacher passed by 姑娘们在老师走过时 停了会聊天 try doing to do try to do 努力 企图做某事 try doing 试验 试着做某事 You must try to be more careful 你可要多加小心 I tried gardening but didn t succeed 我试着种果木花卉 但未成功 go on doing to do go on to do 做了一件事后 接着做另一件事 go on doing 继续做原来做的事 After he had finished his maths he went on to do his physics 做完数学后 他接着去做物理 Go on doing the other exercise after you have finished this one 作完这个练习后 接着做其他的练习 be afraid doing to do be afraid to do 不敢 胆怯去做某事 是主观上的原因不去做 意为 怕 be afraid of doing 担心出现 doing 的状况 结果 doing 是客观上造成的 意为 生怕 恐怕 She was afraid to step further in grass because she was afraid of being bitten by a snake 她生怕被蛇咬着 而不敢在草丛中再走一步 She was afraid to wake her husband 她不敢去叫醒她丈夫 She was afraid of waking her husband 她生怕吵醒她丈夫 be interested doing to do interested to do 对做某事感兴趣 想了解某事 interested in doing 对某种想法感兴趣 doing 通常为想法 I shall be interested to know what happens 我很想知道发生了什么事 想了解 I m interested in working in Switzerland Do you have any idea about that 我对在瑞士工作感兴趣 你想过这事吗 一种想法 mean doing to do mean to do 打算 想 mean doing 意味着 I mean to go but my father would not allow me to 我想去 但是我父亲不肯让我去 To raise wage means increasing purchasing power 赠加工资意味着增加购买力 begin start doing to do begin start to do sth begin start doing sth 1 谈及一项长期活动或开始一种习惯时 使用 doing How old were you when you first started playing the piano 你几岁时开始弹钢琴 2 begin start 用进行时时 后面动词用不定式 to do I was beginning to get angry 我开始生起气来 3 在 attempt intend begin start 后接 know understand realize 这类动词时 常用不定式 to do I begin to understand the truth 我开始明白真相 4 物作主语时 It began to melt 动词不定式的时态 语态 1 时态 一般式 动词不定式一般式表示的动作发生在谓语动词之后 有时表示同时发生 如 I hope to become a university student this year to become 发生在 hope 之后 We often hear Dick play the piano in the next room play 和 hear 同时发生 完成式 表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前 如 I m sorry to have kept you waiting We are too young to have seen the old society 进行式 表示的动作与谓语动词同时发生 如 The teacher happened to be correcting our papers when I came in They seemed to be discussing something important 2 语态 如果动词不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者 不定式一般要用被动语态形式 如 It s a great honour to be invited to Mary s birthday party 不定式作主语 It was impossible for lost time to be made up 不定式作主语 I wish to be sent to work in the country 不定式作宾语 Can you tell me which is the car to be repaired 不定式作定语 He went to the hospital to be examined 不定式作状语 在 There be 结构中 修饰主语的不定式可用被动 也可用主动 如 There are still many things to take care of to be taken care of 但有时两种形式表达的意思不同 如 These is nothing to do now We have nothing to do now There is nothing to be done now We can do nothing now 动名词的时态 语态 1 时态 一般式 动名词的一般式所表示的动作可以是泛指 也可与谓语动词同时发生 或发生在谓语动作之前或 之后 如 We are interested in collecting stamps I shall never forget seeing the Great Wall for the first time We are not afraid of dying 完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前 如 Imagine having travelled on the moon We were praised for having finished the work ahead of time 2 被动语态 如果动名词的逻辑主语为动名词所表示的动作的承受者 动名词要用被动语态 动名词的被动语态有一般 式与完成式之分 如 The young man came in without being noticed He prided himself on having never been beaten in class 有些动词后的动名词用主动形式 但表示被动意义 如 The bike needs repairing If a thing is worth doing it is worth doing well 在口语中 为避免重复 常用 to 代替不定式结构 有时甚至可以把 to 省略 如 Did you go to visit the Great Wall No I wanted to but there wasn t enough time Would you like to come to a party I d love to Don t make any mistakes in your homework will you I ll try not to Try to be back by 12 won t you OK I ll try 另外 be going to ought to used to 等也常用于这一结构中 在 why 引起的问句中 省略 to 如 Why spend such a lot of money Why not wait for a couple of days 当两个或更多作用相同的不定式并列使用时 只在第一个不定式前加 to 如 It s quite necessary for us to read more and have more practice to 在下列短语中是 介词 后接动名词或名词形式 如 devote to face up to 勇敢地面对 look forward to 盼望 object to 反对 take to 养成习惯 对 感兴趣 开始从事某种活动 be used to 习惯于 等 进行式 形式 to be 现在分词 He seems to be following us 他好像在跟着我们 用法 用于助动词之后 He must be coming by bus 他一定是乘公共汽车来的 You shouldn t be reading a novel 现在你不应该看小说 你应该看课本 用于 appear happen pretend seem 之后 I happened to be standing next to him when he collapsed 相当于 It happened that I was standing next to him when he collapsed 他倒下的时候我恰巧站在他身边 hope 和 promise 之后 或 agree arrange decide determine be determined plan undertake 之后 但用于 hope 和 promise 后更常见 I hope hoped to be earning my living in a year s time 相当于 I hope I will I hoped I would be earning 我希望在一年之内能自食其力 被动式 不定式被动式的用法 不定式到底用主动形式还是被动形式 往往取决于句子的意思 即意思上为主动就用主动形式 意思上为被 动就用被动形式 Did it need to be done so soon 这事需要这么快就做吗 She can t bear to be laughed at 她受不了被人嘲笑 There was business to be taken care of 有生意要人管理 It remains to be seen whether you are right 你是否正确 以后见分晓 There was a lot of rubbish to be got rid of 有大量垃圾需要扔掉 不定式完成被动式的用法 不定式的完成被动式表示发生在谓语动作之前的被动动作 I m pleased to have been given this opportunity 给了我这次机会我很高兴 It s said to have been built in the Ming dynasty 据说它是明朝修建的 完成式 表示发生在谓语动作之前的动作 He seems to have caught a cold 他似乎感冒了 I hate to have quarreled with her 我后悔和她吵架了 I believe it to have been a mistake 我相信这是一个错误 You appear to have travelled quite a lot 你似乎作过多次旅行 I m sorry to have given you so much trouble 对不起给了你这么多麻烦 It s said to have been built in the Ming dynasty 据说它是明朝修建的 表示在某个给定的时间之前已完成的动作 I hope to have finished the work by now 我希望现在以前已完成这项工作 表示过去未曾实现的想法和愿望 I should like to have come earlier 我本想早点来的 We were to have been married last year 我们本来打算去年结婚的 完成进行式 形式 to have been 现在分词 He seems to have been spying for both sides 他似乎一直在为两方面搞秘密情报 用法 只要用于助动词之后和 appear seem 之后 但也可以用在 happen pretend 以及 believe know report say understand 的被动式之后 He appears to have been waiting a long time 相当于 It appears that he has been waiting a long time 看来他已经等了很久了 He pretended to have been studying 相当于 He pretended that he had been studying 他假装一直在学习的样子 句型用法 在 There be 句型中的动词不定式 For example one There are too much homework to write two There are students writing too much homework To 不定式 在英语中不定式最常用于质词 to 之后 例如在 to walk to cry to eat to fear 这种用法叫做 to infinitive 莎士比亚在著作哈姆雷特 的独白时就大量采用了这类不定式动词 To be or not to be To sleep perchance to dream 经常跟在 to 后形成不定式的动词包括 例如 I arranged to stay the night 我已安定好今晚留在这里 We intend to go skiing this weekend 我们打算这个周末去滑雪 I swear to honour you 我发誓为你增光 He sought to notify them of this new occurrence 这些有宾词 然后加上有 to 的不定式的动词包括 连同以上带有星号的动词 advise allow challenge command compel condemn enable encourage expect forbid force help induce inspire instruct invite oblige order permit persuade prefer program remind teach tell train urge warn 有些动词之后加 for 宾词 to 然后不定式 通常这些动词包含渴望的意思 不能单单在后面加上宾词和不 定式 though an infinitive alone may work 这些动词包括 apply arrange ask call clamour long opt plead press vote wait wish yearn 例如 I have arranged for the neighbour to water the plants 我已安排好邻居给植物给水 I pleaded for him to accompany me to the theatre 我恳求他陪我去看戏