初中英语初一代词(一).doc

第十二讲 代词（一）【教学目标】：1.熟练掌握并会灵活运用人称代词、物主代词。2.两种阅读理解题型的熟知。【知识要点】：人称代词 物主代词 图表式与补词填空式阅读。 一.人称代词学习人称代词分类：英语的人称代词（Personal Pronoun）有三种不同的人称形式：第一人称（First Person）；第二人称（Second Person）；第三人称（Third Person）。三种人称又各有单、复数形式。.在上列人称代词的不同形式中，还包含了主格（Subjective Case）、宾格（Objective Case）两种“格”的形式。这样，从“格”的形式来划分，英语的人称代词又可归纳为： 主格：I，you，he，she，it，we，you，they 宾格：me，you，him，her，it，us，you，them人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前（有时候位于than 之后），宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。 人称代词单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称I我mewe我们us第二人称you你youyou你们you第三人称阴性he他himthey他们她们它们them阴性she她her阳性it它it 人称代词用法：1）人称代词的主格在句子中作主语或主语补语，例如：John waited a while but eventually he went home.约翰等了一会儿，最后他回家了。John hoped the passenger would be Mary and indeed it was she.约翰希望那位乘客是玛丽，还真是她。说明：在复合句中，如果主句和从句主语相同，代词主语要用在从句中，名词主语用在主句中，例如：When he arrived, John went straight to the bank. 约翰一到就直接去银行了。2）人称代词的宾格在句子中作宾语或介词宾语，但在口语中也能作主语补语，第一人称在省略句中，还可以作主语，例如：I saw her with them, at least, I thought it was her.我看到她和他们在一起，至少我认为是她。（her做宾语，them做介词宾语，her做主语补语）a. - Who broke the vase?-谁打碎了花瓶？b. - Me.-我。（me做主语补语= Its me.）说明：在上面两例句中，her和me分别作主语补语。现代英语中多用宾格，在正式文体中这里应为she和I。人称代词主宾格的替换1) 宾格代替主格a.在简短对话中，当人称代词单独使用或在not 后，多用宾语。- I like English.-我喜欢英语。- Me too.-我也喜欢。- Have more wine?-再来点酒喝吗?- Not me.-我可不要了。b.在表示比较的非正式的文体中，常用宾格代替主格。 但如果比较状语的谓语保留，则主语只能用主格。 He is taller than I/me. He is taller than I am.2) 主格代替宾格 a. 在介词but，except 后，有时可用主格代替宾格。 b. 在电话用语中常用主格。 - I wish to speak to Mary. -我想和玛丽通话。 - This is she. -我就是玛丽。注意：在动词be 或to be 后的人称代词视其前面的名词或代词而定。I thought it was she. 我以为是她。(主格-主格)I thought it to be her.(宾格-宾格)I was taken to be she.我被当成了她。(主格-主格)They took me to be her.他们把我当成了她。 (宾格-宾格)人称代词练习一一填空。 1. _ (她) is a student. _(她) sister is a student too.2. _(我) want_ (你) to do it today.3. _ (他) twin brother is a worker. _ (他们) are twins.4. _ (你们) are from England. _ (我们) are from China.5. All of _ (我们) love _ (我们) teachers.6. This is_ (我) book. That is_ (你).7. These pens are_ (他们). _ (你们) are over there.8. Can_ (你) read it for_ (我们).二、选择题。 （ ）1. Look at_. A. him B. he C. his（ ）2. I drive_to the park every day.A. they B. their C. them（ ）3. _classroom is big. A. we B. us C. Our（ ）4. I love_. A. she B. her C. hers（ ）5. Do you know _? A. I B. my C. me（ ）6. I am_ son. A. they B. their C. them（ ）7. This is not _ desk. My desk is over there.A. I B. my C. me（ ）8. Can you spell _ name, Harry? Sorry.A. you B. your C. yours（ ）9. Tom and Jack are brothers. This is _ room.A. they B. them C. their（ ）10. We are in the same class. _ classroom is very nice.A. our B. my C. ours（ ）11. Mrs. Green is my teacher. Im _ student.A. he B. his C. him（ ）12. Thats a cat. _ name is Mimi.A. It B. Its C. Its三改错。 1. My am his classmate. 2. They all like I. 3. This is not she pen. 4. Our are the twins. 5. These are they desks. 6. What is he father?7. Who is he?-His my cousin. 8. listen, her is singing a pop song. 9. His pen is red ,but my is blue.四按要求写出下列代词的形式1、I（宾格） 2、he（形容词性物主代词）3、 us（主格） 4、they（宾格）5、she（宾格） 6、you（名词性物主代词）7、it（宾格） 8、him（复数）9、her（形容词性物主代词） 10、my（复数）11、they（名词性物主代词） 12、we（单数）五、用括号里的代词的适当形式填空1. Mr Yang is _(we) teacher._(him) is from Beijing. _(his) teaches_(our) English.2. Look, there is a cat._(they) is Lilys._(it) name is Mimi.3. Let_(I) tell _(she) about_(he) life at school.4. This is _(they) room. Where is _(our)?5. Dont use the eraser._ is _(me).6. The lady under the tree is _(me) aunt._(her) often sings with _(she) husband三阅读理解专题讲解三：图表式的阅读理解 （一） Weve Moved!Please come to the party in our new house.8:00pm.on November 5Betty and JackAdd:31 Station StreetTel:342-1525E-mail:betty12email.netMust Sell $275Best washing machineOnly 6 months oldOwner going abroadCall Mike GreenAdd:10 Park StreetTel:342-2691E-mail:mikegreenhotmail.comSmiths Book ClubNew and old booksOver 1,000 kindsGood coffee and teaOpen every day 10:00 to 22:00Add:15 North StreetTel:342-7391 or 342-7350E-mail:smith15yahoo.com( )1.If you want to go to Betty and Jacks party, you can call .A.342-1525 B.342-7391 C.342-2691 D.342-7350( )2.Mike Green has to sell his washing machine because .A. he wants to buy a new one B. he will go abroadC. he wants to buy a new house D. Theres something wrong with it( )3.Smith,s Book Club is open a day.A.8 hours B.10 hours C.12 hours D.20 hours( )4.If you want to read some books, you can go to .A.31 Station Street B.15 North Street C.10 park Street D.15 Apple Street( )5.You can use the e-mail mikegreenhotmail. com if you want to . A. read some books B. go to a family party C. drink some good coffee D. buy a washing machine（二）Beijing University LibraryTo Susan Chan, Just to remind(提醒) you. You have four overdue(逾期未还的) books. Title Writer Rose Meets Mr. Kindergarten Bob Graham due 22/1My Friend Whale Simon James due 23/1Edward the Emu Sheena Knowles due 24/1Imagine Alison Lester due 25/1 Please return these tomorrow. Other people may be waiting to borrow them. Mrs. Josie Jones Librarian Date 3/2/2003Note: You may not borrow any new books until these books have been returned.Information Card for the letter1. From2. To3. Purpose(目的) to write the letter4. Amount(数量) of the overdue books5. Due time to return Imagine二物主代词讲解。物主代词的定义：物主代词实际上是人称代词的所有格形式。根据其句法作用，物主代词可以分为形容词性和名词性两种。形容词性物主代词一定要后接名词（如：This is my book. 这是我的书。）；名词性物主代词可以独立使用，无需后接名词（如：This book is mine. 这本书是我的。）。 形容词性物主代词数单 数复 数第一人称my我的our我们的第二人称your你的your你们的第三人称his, her, itstheir他们的名词性物主代词数单 数复 数第一人称mine我的ours我们的第二人称yours你的yours你们的第三人称his, hers, itstheirs他们的物主代词的用法：1、物主代词既有表示所属的作用又有指代作用，例如：John had cut his finger; apparently there was a broken glass on his desk. 约翰割破了手指，显而易见，他桌子上有个破玻璃杯。名词性的物主代词在用法上相当于省略了中心名词的-s属格结构，例如：Jacks cap意为The cap is Jacks. His cap意为The cap is his.2、形容词性物主代词的句法功能形容词性物主代词一般位于名词前，用作定语，限定该名词的意义。例如： My name is John Green. 我叫约翰格林。Excuse me, is this your car? 对不起，这是您的车吗？His parents are in England. 他的父母在英国。 They wash their faces every day. 他们每天都洗脸。（本句中的their无须译出） 3、名词性物主代词的句法功能a. 作主语，例如：May I use your pen? Yours works better.。我可以用一用你的钢笔吗？你的比我的好用。b. 作宾语，例如：I love my motherland as much as you love yours我爱我的祖国就像你爱你的祖国一样深。c. 作介词宾语，例如：Your should interpret what I said in my sense of the word, not in yours.你应当按我所用的词义去解释我说的话，而不能按你自己的意义去解释。d. 作主语补语，例如：The life I have is yours. Its yours. Its yours.我的生命属于你、属于你、属于你。4. 名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词 为避免重复使用名词，有时可用“名词性物主代词”来代替“形容词性物主代词+名词”的形式。例：My bag is yellow, her bag is red, his bag is blue and your bag is pink. 为避免重复使用bag,可写成：My bag is yellow, hers is red, his is blue and yours is pink. 小练笔：用形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词填空1.Iateall_sandwichesyesterday.( I )CanIhaveoneof_? ( you )2.Georgehaslost_ ( his )pen.AskMaryif（是否）shewilllendhim_. ( she )3.JackhasadogandsohaveI._( he ) dogand_ ( I )hadafight(打架).4.Theteacherwantsyoutoreturnthatbookof_( he )5.Mr.andMrs.Greenandafriendof_arecomingtoseeus. ( they )6.WearegoingtoParistostaywithaFrenchfriendof_. (we )人称代词、物主代词习题训练一一、根据句意用适当的人称代词、物主代词填空：1.Maryworksinabookstore._likes_workverymuch.2.JohnandIareinthesameschool._gotoschooltogether.3.Everybodylikesthatsport,do_?4.Sheisafriendof_.Wegottoknoweachothertwoyearsago.5.Hersistermakesall_owndresses.6.Ihavemanyfriends.Someof_aregoodatEnglish.7.MayIuse_bike?_isbroken.二、选择填空1.Whossingingoverthere?_isSandyssister.A.ThatB.ItC.SheD.This2._willspendthesummerholidayinHawaii. A.She,youandIB.You,sheandIC.I,youandshe D.Her,meandyou3.Myuncleboughtanewbikefor_. A.theirsB.theyC.meD.I4.Heresapostcardforyou,Jim!Oh,_isfrommyfriend,Mary. A.heB.itC.sheD.its5.LittleBabyknowsthatheshouldnottakethethingsthatdonotbelongto_. A.heB.hisC.herD.him6. Is she your aunt? Yes, _. A. shesB. her isC. she isD. he is7. Are _ coats yours? Yes, they are . A. theyB. theseC. thisD. there8. Is that _ uncle? No, it isntA. heB. sheC. herD. hers三、用括号中的适当形式填空 （1）Arethese_（you）pencils?Yes,theyare_（our）.（2）Whoseisthispencil?Its_（I）.（3）Ilove_（they）verymuch.（4）Sheis_（I）classmate.（5）MissLioftenlooksafter_（she）brother.（6）Arethese_（they）bags？No,theyarent_（their）.Theyare_（we）.四阅读理解专题讲解四：补词填空式的阅读理解(一)Mr. Mason is standing in front of a car. He is looking at it. It is a beautiful car and it is very big. Mr. Mason likes big cars. A policeman is standing behind Mr. Mason. He is looking at the car, too. He is writing in a notebook(笔记本). Now he is giving a piece of paper to Mr. Mason.Policeman: Excuse me, sir.Mr. Mason: Yes?Policeman: This is for you.Mr. Mason: What is it?Policeman: Its a ticket.Mr. Mason: A ticket?Policeman: Can you see the notice(布告)?Mr. Mason: Yes.Policeman: It says “NO PARKING”. You cant park your car here.Mr. Mason: This isnt my car.根据上面的内容完成下面的句子：1. The policeman is standing_ Mr. Mason.2. This policeman gives Mr. Mason a_.3. Mr. Mason says that car isnt_.4. “No Parking” means you cant_ your car here.5. The car is on the _. (二)One day Jack comes to Mikes house and says, “Mike, you have so many god books. Can you give me a book to read?” Mike doesnt want to lend a book to is friend, and he says, “Why do you want to take my book home? You can read it here in my house.” Jack sees that his friend is very selfish, but he says nothing. Next day, Mike comes to Jacks house and says, “Jack, you have a good garden-knife. I want to work in my garden tomorrow. Can I use it for two days?” Jack answers, “Why do you want to take my garden-knife home? You can work with it in my garden.”根据上面的短文完成下面的短文，每空一词： One day, in Mikes home, Jack wants to borrow a book from him, but Mike doesnt (1) _. Jack thinks Mike very (2) _, and wants to look for a chance(机会) to retaliate(报复) him. Just the next day, Mike comes to Jacks garden to borrow his (3) _. Jack, of course, (4) _. To Jack, it is called “An eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth”. Now, do you know the meaning of the sentence “An eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth”? Whats the Chinese for it? Its (5) _.Strength alone knows conflict; weakness is below even defeat,and is born vanquished.只有强者才懂得斗争；弱者甚至失败都不够资格，而是生来就是被征服的。