资源描述
(一) 形容词的用法和位置1 形容词用作表语，放在连系动词（be, look，smell，taste，sound，feel，become，get，turn，keep，seem等）的后面。如：The passengers cant go back home on time for the Spring festival, for the snow is so heavy.Things to remember:1） look只有在解释看起来的时候才是当作连系动词，做题时要正确分析look的意思。如：After hearing the good news of the trains arrival, he looked very happy.After hearing the good news of the trains arrival, he looked happily at me.2） keep解释保持时是连系动词。如：Though it keeps snowing heavily, he keeps warm by exercising while waiting for the train.2 形容词用作定语。1）形容词修饰名词放在名词前面，做前置定语。 如: The conductor has important news to tell the passengers.2) 形容词修饰复合不定代词放在复合不定代词后面，作后置定语。 如：The conductor has something important to tell the passengers.3 形容词用作宾语补足语。如：Though the passengers find the weather terrible, theyre very excited because they will go back home to spend the Spring Festival with their family. Things to remember:1) 修饰名词一般用形容词，但是如果是表示种类、用途和地点的，则要用名词修饰名词，如：an apple tree, a coffee cup, a shop window. 所以，在做题时特别是词性转换时要使用正确的词性作修饰成分，如我们不能说busy hours，而应说business hours.2) else在使用时，必须放在疑问代词和复合不定代词的后面，如：something else, what else.3) 做题时，要注意形容词和名词的正确搭配，如我们用 high或 low来修饰 temperature，用 hot或 cold来修饰 weather。Exercises relevant to Section: oneComplete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms:1 Everyone in our class took an _ part in the camping trip. (activity)2 My pen-friend is an English girl, _ 15. (age)3 Its _ that the old lady can cut paper so well. (amaze)4 She is from America, so she is _. (America)5 Though such kind of activity is very _, you should remember Safety first. (amusement)6 Hong Kong is such an _ place that more tourists will go to visit it next year. (attract)7 Mrs. White is fond of buying _ food because she thinks it is much safer. (Australia)8 While you get on the underground, youd better pay attention to the _ door. (automatically)9 She is _ with her company. (business)10 The _ girl is so attracted by the toy in the shop window. (Canada)11 While doing an experiment, you need to be _ enough. Otherwise something dangerous may happen. (care).12 The weather in Tibet is very _. So you should pay attention to your health. (change)13 This is not a physical change but a _ change. (chemistry)14 The weather report says it will be _ tonight. (cloud)15 You should answer this question in _ sentences. (complete)16 The train is _ with people who are going home to spend Spring Festival. (crowd)17 Some pets are _ to people because they carry some diseases. (danger)18 Tom is more interested in _ stories than science fiction. (detect)19 Though English and Chinese are two _ languages, theyre used to communicate. (difference)20 Its very _ for the farmer to send her daughter to study abroad. (difficulty)21 The mother told her son to wash his _ hands before having dinner. (dirt)22 The _ blanket can make you feel very warm while sleeping. (electricity)23 The teachers in our school try their best to let us have a more _ school life. (enjoy)24 It is said the weather sill still be terrible in the _ days. (follow)25 Its _ of you to believe such kind of person. (fool)26 I wonder how many _ languages he can speak? (foreigner)27 If you put your finger into _ water, you will feel very cold. (freeze)28 We should be _ to each other to have a good memory. (friend)29 The _ wind makes everybody very comfortable. (gently)30 She received a _ ring from her mother as a birthday present. (gold)31 Reading books in bed is _ to your eyes. (harm)32 Its _ for you to know some western culture while you are studying English. (help)33 We should do something to save those _ animals. (home)34 The travelers were both _ and thirsty after the bus broke down. (hungrily)35 The Chinese government has sent many _ team to Africa. (medicine)36 The red five-star flag is our _ flag. (nationality)37 Its quite _ that the students like their Chinese teacher so much. (nature)38 Water is very _ in our daily life. (need)39 Youd better get the information from the _ website. (office)40 Doctors should be _ enough to listen to patients problems. (patience)41 Before she joined the army, he went to the hospital to have a _ examination. (physics)42 This chair is not made of wood but _. (plastic)43 Though the Unites States is a _ country, it should obey the rules made by the United Nations. (power)44 The _ lady often goes to the park to so morning exercises. (retire)45 It will be _ again tomorrow. All the passengers should protect themselves well. (snow)46 The apple is not _ enough for your Granny to eat. (softly)47 We were _ to hear that the meeting was put off. (surprise)48 What _ smell! You must open the window to let fresh air in. (terribly)49 She was very _ to the young man, for he had helped her to carry the heavy bag. (thank)50 Dragon Boat Festival is one of Chinese _ holidays. (tradition)51 Satellites are _ in many ways. (use)52 The Wangs bought _ kinds of food from the supermarket for the Spring Festival. (vary)53 The Chinese government has made plans to develop the _ area. (west)Choose the best answer:1 She is _ that she will fail in the exam. A) frightened B) afraid C) afriad D) worry2 Though she was _ at home, she didnt feel _ at all because she was busy going over her lessons. A) alonealone B) alonelonely C) lonelylonely D) lonelyalone 3 The tsunami（海啸） is very _. It can make a large number of people homeless. A) exciting B) awful C) frightened D) surprising4 Is there _ enough to fight with the monster? A) anyone brave B) brave anyone C) someone brave D) brave someone5 Ive got _ to tell you. A) interesting something B) something interesting C) interesting anything D) anything interesting6 Do you want _ ? A) else something B) something else C) else anything D) anything else7 A comic strip should be full of action to keep the readers _. A) interesting B) interested C) uninterested D) interests 8 Children are all _ in_ comic strips. A) interestinginterested B) interestedinteresting C) interestinginteresting D) interestedinterested9 He doesnt seem as _ as his brother. A) happily B) happier C) happy D) happiness10 The guests all thought it tastes _. A) nice B) badly C) well D) wonderfully11 “Am I _ go home?” the sick man asked the doctor. A) good enough B) so well to C) well enough to D) too well to12 Perhaps there wont be _ for everybody on the earth in the future. A) enough room B) many rooms C) little space D) a little space13 The man finished writing _ report in a week. A) a eight-thousand-word B) an eight-thousand-words C) eight-thousand-word D) an eight-thousand-word14 To our surprise, such a big bag was very light. Here light means _. A) little B) short C) great D) not heavy15 What a _ child he is ! A) lovely B) timidly C) beautifully D) unusual16 Emma hardly makes mistakes in her homework. She is _. A) care B) careful C) carefully D) careless17 Miss Black always makes her students _ in her English lessons. A) interest B) interests C) interested D) interesting18 Toms father seemed _ with his progress. A) sadly B) angrily C) happy D) happily19 The music sounds _. A) sweetly B) horribly C) easily D) lovely20 We all know that Mr. Green was not _ with the poem. A) pleasant B) please C) pleasing D) pleased21 This is a _ experience, not a dream. A) true B) real C) truly D) really22 The Bund looks _ at night. A) wonderfully B) famous C) beautiful D) well23 Its _ knowledge that the earth moves around the sun. A) common B) unusual C) strange D) interesting24 The dishes in this restaurant are so _ that its business is very good. A) delicious B) dilicious C) taste D) well25 The shop _ from 8:00am to 8:pm every day. A) opens B) is opened C) is open D) is opening26 The lecture was so _ that most of the listeners went to sleep. A) bored B) dull C) interesting D) exciting27 The Beatles are very _ to the people who love rock and roll. A) interested B) familiar C) attracted D) fond28 You can enjoy the _ air in the mountain village. A) bright B) fresh C) heavy D) fair29 Running is a(an) _ sport. A) team B) individual C) fun D) bored30 The opposite word of ancient is _. A) old B) modern C) popular D) fashion31 These children are from ordinary families. A) usual B) strange C) unusual D) simple32 Cycling is an _ activity. A) indoor B) outdoor C) helpful D) popular33 She works as a secretary. But she also has a _ job. A) full-time B) part-time C) good-paid D) excited34 The opposite word of public is _. A) common B) private C) popular D) publish35 You should keep _ while listening to the steps. A) quiet B) quite C) quilt D) quit 36 Who should be _ for this accident? A) duty B) reasonable C) responsible D) explain37 Take some pills before getting on the bus, or you will feel _. A) sick B) terribly C) trouble D) comfortable38 How silly you are to go out without an umbrella in such kinds of bad weather! A) stupid B) fool C) bright D) wise39 Do you know the _ dish of this restaurant? A) special B) especial C) well-know D) taste40 She is too timid to say a word at the party. A) upset B) shy C) worried D) silentAnswers to the exercises in the part of completing the sentences with the given words in their proper forms:1 active 2 aged 3 amazing 4 American 5 amusing 6 attractive 7 Australian 8 automatic 9 busy 10 Canadian 11 careful 12 changeable 13 chemical 14 cloudy 15 complete 16 crowded 17 dangerous 18 detective 19 different 20 difficult 21 dirty 22 electric 23 enjoyable 24 following 25 foolish 26 foreign 27 freezing 28 friendly 29 gentle 30 golden 31 harmful 32 helpful 33 homeless 34 hungry 35 medical 36 national 37 natural 38 necessary 39 official 40 patient 41 physical 42 plastic 43 powerful 44 retired 45 snowy 46 soft 47 surprised 48 terrible 49 thankful 50 traditional 51 useful 52 various 53 westernAnswers to the exercises in thepart of choosing the best answers:1 C 2 B 3 B 4 A 5 B 6 D 7 B 8 B 9 C 10 A 11 C 12 A 13 D 14 D 15 A 16 B 17 C 18 C 19 D 20 D 21 B 22 C 23 A 24 A 25 B 26 B 27 B 28 B 29 B 30 B 31 A 32 B 33 B 34 B 35 A 36 C 37 A 38 A 39 A 40 B（二）副词的用法和位置1 修饰形容词用作状语，一般放在形容词的前面。 如：The passengers are very worried about the weather. The little girl was too disappointed to say a word because her father couldnt come back home on time.2 修饰动词用作状语，一般放在动词的后面。 如： It is snowing heavily. The conductor tells the passengers to stay inside until the snow stops.3 修饰整个句子用作状语，放在句首。 如：Luckily, the conductor told them that train would start soon.4 修饰副词用作状语，一般放在被修饰的副词的前面。 如：The conductor is very tired after one-day work because she has worked too hard.Things to remember:1) 表示频度来修饰动词用作状语的副词，要放在连系动词、情态动词或助动词的后面，行为动词的前面。如：The passengers often go back home to spend the holiday with their family. But they have never met such a storm in the last 50 years.2）副词的词形副词的词形分单纯性和派生性。单纯性副词如：today, rather, there, however等等。派生性副词由形容词加-ly变过来的。它们的转换方式有：（1）一般由形容词加-ly构成，如：bad-badly, clear-clearly（2）当形容词以-y结尾时，将y改为i再加-ly,如：easy-easily, lucky-luckily但是有些词虽然是以-ly结尾的，却不是副词，而是形容词，如：friendly, lovely（3）有些形容词和副词同形，如：hard, early, enough等，既可以作形容词，也可以作副词，如：Its hard to say what the weather will be like tomorrow. (形容词) The conductor works hard to satisfy the passengers.3) enough作为形容词，修饰名词，要放在名词的前面，如：The conductor gave the passengers enough water to drink.enough修饰形容词和副词用作状语，都要放在形容词和副词的后面。如：The railway is not safe enough for the train to run on yet.Trains must run slowly enough in order for the passengers to go back home safely in freezing weather.4）做题时要注意副词与形容词或动词的正确搭配。如：The transportation problem is quite _.The transportation problem cant be _ easily.在前一句中，通过副词 quite，我们可以判断此句需要一个形容词；而在后一句中，通过副词 easily，我们可以判断此句需要一个动词， 因为 easily是一个修饰做某事难易的副词。Exercises relevant to Section: TwoComplete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms:1 They found there were several birds _. (head)2 Mrs. Smith spent $100 buying the food from the supermarket _. (together)3 Jacks father shouted at him _ because he was always playing computer games. (angry)4 The lecture was so interesting that the students listened _. (attend)5 The sun is shining _ and some people are lying at the beach, enjoying the beautiful scenery. (bright)6 Our chemistry teacher told us to do the experiment _ (careful).7 Our teacher tries her best to explain the text in very details for us to understand the meaning _. (clear)8 You should remember Safety first, _ while crossing the road. (especial)9 We waited and waited. _ she came back with a large bag on her back. (final)10 I like our English teacher very much because she can speak English _. (fluent)11 _ speaking, boys like football more than girls. (general)12 The children are flying kites _ in the garden. (happy)13 There is a lot of work for her to do. So she begins to work _ as soon as she gets home. (immediate)14 The teacher told the students not to talk _ in the library. (loud)15 _, he caught the last bus to his hometown. (luck)16 Sorry, we are _ talking about the food problem. So let me have your attention. (main)17 _ he missed the last bus. (probable)18 You need to operate this new machine _. (proper)19 The underground travels much more _ than the bus. (quick)20 Im _ sorry for being late. (real)21 I havent heard from him _. I want to know how everything is going on with him.(recent)22 She didnt pass the driving test and went home _. (sad)23 The terrible storm damaged the railway _. (serious)24 There is a traffic jam and the bus is going very _. (slow)25 The bus stopped _ and some passengers fell down. (sudden)26 The news of his success was _ spread. (wide)Choose the best answer:1 After running the 800-hundred race, Jane was _ out of breath. A) hard B) almost C) hardly D) most2 Jane is a good student at school. She _ a good daughter at home. A) is also B) also is C) also has D) has also3 Her mothers birthday is several days _. A) away B) on C) up D) far4 As soon as he saw the policeman, the thief ran_. A) as quick as he could B) as quickly as he could C) as quick as he can D) as quickly as he can5 -Do you want to go to Hangzhou for a holiday? - No, Ive _been there. A) already B) yet C) ever D) never6 The streets are wet because it has rained _ all the morning. A) hardly B) thickly C) strongly D) heavily7 Because of the heavy rain, the game was put _ for a few days. A) out B) off C) up D) away8 Our new teacher looks _. A) happily B) angrily C) sadly D) friendly9 The two sisters_ pretty. A) all are B) are all C) both is D) are both10 Bob likes eating. He eats _ at every meal. A) as many as he can B) as much as he likes C) as many as he likes D) as much as he can11 Please speak English as _ as possible so as to improve your spoken English. A) fast B) soon C) good D) often12 The car stopped so _ that the bus behind almost ran into it. A) closely B) immediately C) suddenly D) soon13 Father looked _. He looked _ at my report. A) happy, happy B) happily, happily C) happy, happily D) happily, happy14 Has she _ been to Beijing yet? A) ever B) already C) yet D) never15 _, he went to the supermarket to buy some food. A) Late B) Later C) Lately D) Latter16 Perhaps she has broken the rules. A) May be B) Maybe C) Possibly D) ProbableAnswers to the exercises in the part of completing the sentences with the given words in their proper forms:1 ahead 2 altogether 3 angrily 4 attentively 5 brightly 6 carefully 7 clearly 8 especially 9 finally 10 fluently 11 Generally 12 happily 13 immediately 14 loudly 15 Luckily 16 mainly 17 Probably 18 properly 19 quickly 20 really 21 recently 22 sadly 23 seriously 24 slowly 25 suddenly 26 widely Answers to the exercises in the part of choosing the best answers:1 B 2 A 3 A 4 B 5 6 A 7 B 8 D 9 D 10 D 11 D 12 C 13 C 14 A 15 B 16 B（三）形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成及用法形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成1 规则变化的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成1）单音节的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成（1）一般在单词后面加-er, -est 如：slow slower slowest（2）以不发音的 e结尾的单词，直接加 r, -st. 如：large larger largest（3）以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，双写辅音字母，再加 er, -est. 如：big bigger biggest（4）以辅音字母加 y结尾的单词，去 y 再加-ier, -iest. 如：heavy heavier heaviest2）多音节的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成比较级前加 more，最高级前加 most.如：slowly more slowly most slowlycrowded more crowded most crowded2 不规则变化的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成good/well better bestmany/much more mostbad/badly/ill worse worstlittle less leastfar farther/further farthest/furthestThings to remember:做题时，碰到形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成，首先考虑是规则还是不规则；如果是规则，再考虑是单音节还是多音节，千万要注意 more是加在多音节前面变成比较级， -er是加在单音节后面变成比较级，避免 more 和 -er同时出现。形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法 1 原级 1) 在没有比较的情况下用原级，如：It snows heavily this year.2) 在结构asas和not as(so)as中用形容词或副词的原级，表示“A与B一样”和“A不如B”， asas可用于陈述句、疑问句和否定句，而soas只能用于否定句，如：It is still snowing as heavily as it was yesterday.Last year, it didnt snow as/so often as it does this year.3) 在very, quite, so, too, rather等单词后面用形容词或副词的原级，如：It snows very heavily this year.Things to remember:在句型转换时，asas和not as (so)as可以与结构the sameas互相转换，但是，asas和not as (so)as中间只能用形容词或副词的原级，而the sameas中间用名词。2 比较级1) 把一个人或事物与另一个人或事物进行比较时，用比较级，如：Which waiting room is more crowded, this one or that one?2) 有单词than要用比较级，如：This waiting room is more crowded than that one./That waiting room is less crowded than this one.3) 在far, much, still, even, a little, a bit, a lot, any等词后面用形容词或副词的比较级，如：The traffic problem is much more serious these days.4) 同一个形容词或副词的比较级并列使用，并且用and连接，表示程度的增加，解释越来越，如：The snow is getting heavier and heavier.（单音节用-er and er）It is snowing more and more heavily.（多音节用more and more）5)the +比较级，the +比较级的结构，解释越越，前面的the +比较级相当于一个条件状语从句，如：The more slowly the trains run
展开阅读全文