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Unit 11 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?1.宾语从句 宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。 由连接词+ 主语+ 谓语构成 常由下面的一些连接词引导： 由that 引导 表示陈述意义 that 可省略 He says (that) he is at home. 他说他在家里。 由if , whether 引导 表示一般疑问意义(带有是否、已否、对否等) I dont know if / whether Wei Hua likes fish. 我不知道韦华是否喜欢鱼。 由连接代词、连接副词(疑问词) 引导 表示特殊疑问意义 Do you know what he wants to buy? 你知道他想要买什么吗？ 从句时态要与主句一致 当主句是一般现在时，从句根据情况使用任何时态 He says (that ) he is at home. 他说他在家里。 I dont know (that) she is singing now. 我不知道她正在唱歌。 She wants to know if I have finished my homework. 她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。 Do you know when he will be back? 你知道他将会什么时候回来？当主句是一般过去时，从句应使用过去某时态(一般过去时,过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时) He said (that) he was at home. 他说他在家里。 I didnt know that she was singing now. 我不知道她正在唱歌。She wanted to know if I had finished m homework. 她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。Did you know when he would be back? 你知道他将会什么时候回来？当主句是一般过去时，从句陈述的是一般规律或客观存在的事，则从句谓语动词用一般现在时。Physics teacher told us (that) light travels faster than sound.Geography teacher told us (that) the sun rises in the east and falls in the west.注意：if =whether是否，（引导宾语从句）if如果，假如（引导时间状语从句）I dont know if he will come back tomorrow. If he comes back tomorrow, please call me up. It isnt going to rain tomorrow. Ill lease for Anqing if it doesnt rain tomorrow. If I were you, I would give up studying English. 注意：when 何时，什么时候（引导宾语从句） when 当时（引导时间状语从句）eg: I wonder when he will return home next Sunday. When he goes back home, please tell me.2. get v. 得到、买、到达 get some information about the town 获得关于镇上的信息3. make a telephone call 打电话 4. save money 省钱、存钱 5. 问路常用的句子： Do you know where is ? Can you tell me how can I get to ?Could you tell me how to get to ？Could you tell me which is the way to ？Excuse me, Mr West. Is there a bookstore near here?Can/Could/Will/Would you please tell me sth.?表示十分客气地询问事情Could you tell me how to get to the park?请你告诉我怎么才能去邮局好吗？中的how to get to the park 是疑问词与动词不定式连用，用作宾语，但不是宾语从句，可是相当于how I can get to the park（宾语从句）如：I dont know how to solve the problem. = I dont know how I can solve the problem.我不知道如何解决这个问题 Can you tell me when to leave? = Can you tell me when I ill leave? 你能告诉我什么时候离开？6. 日常交际用语： take the elevator / escalator to the floor.乘电梯/自动扶梯到楼 turn left / right = take a left / right 向左/ 右转 go straight (down/ along )（沿 ）向前直走7. go past 经过 , go across, go(walk) through 三个介词的用法：eg: Go past the bank, youll find the library. When Lily walks past me, she always says, “Hello, Mr Huang?” Go across (=Cross) the bridge. Be careful when walking across the road. Parents will spend many happy hours walking through the History Museum. A small river runs through our village.8. next to 旁边、紧接着 如：Lily is next to Ann. 莉莉就在安的旁边。9. between and 在和之间 如: Lily is between Ann and me. 莉莉就在安和我的之间。10. department store 百货商店 furniture store 家具店drugstore 杂货店，药店 exchange money 兑换钱fresh air 新鲜的空气 free concerts 免费音乐会be always doing 总是做某事 something happening 发生的事11. decide to do 决定做 (= make up ones mind to do sth.)She decided to go to have lunch. 她决定去吃午餐。 decide v. decision n. Your decision is wrong. 你的决定是错误的。make a decision 做个决定 He has made a great decision to change his life. decide on doing sth.12. Is that a good place to hang out? 那是不是一个闲荡的好地方？ 中的to hang out修饰前面名词place，不定式作定语. 如：There is something to eat. 这有吃的东西。to eat修饰代词something，作定语.13. kind of +adj./ adv. 译为“有点、一点”如： She is kind of shy. 她有点害羞。14. expensive 贵的 反义词 inexpensive 不贵的15. crowded 拥挤的 反义词 uncrowded 不拥挤的 be crowded with The mall is crowded with many people. 16. take a vacation = go on a vacation 去度假17. dress up 打扮 dress up as 打扮成 dress up as clowns 装扮成小丑 如：He wanted to dress up as Father Christmas. 他想要打扮成圣诞老人。18. on the beach 在海滩上 19. politely adv. 有礼貌地 polite adj. 有礼貌的 He is always polite to others. 他总是有礼貌的对待别人。 He wonders how to ask for information politely.他想知道如何有礼貌地询问信息。20. depend on sth / doing / 从句 根据、依靠、依赖、决定于 Living things depend on the sunlight.生物对阳光有依赖性。 We cant depend on his answer. 我们不能根据他的回答。 That depends on how you did it. 那决定于你怎样做这件事。Good grades depend on studying hard.好的成绩取决于努力学习。21. prefer动词 更喜欢 宁愿 常用的结构有： prefer sth. 更喜欢某事 I prefer English. 我更喜欢英语。 prefer doing/ to do 宁愿做某事 I prefer sitting/ to sit.我宁愿坐着。 prefer sth to sth. 同相比更喜欢 I prefer dogs to cats. 与猫相比我更喜欢狗。 prefer doing to doing 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事I prefer walking to sitting. 我宁愿走路也不愿坐着 prefer to do rather than do 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事 I prefer to work rather than be free. 我宁愿工作而不愿闲着。22. on the other hand 另一方面on the one hand 一方面23. 把借给某人lend sb. sth. lend sth.to sb. borrow sb. sth =borrow sth from sb.从某人（那儿）借某东西如：Lily lent me her book. = Lily lent her book to me .莉莉把她的书借给了我。I borrowed Lily her book.=I borrowed Lilys book from her.keep 借（表示延续性动作，与延续性时间连用）如：How long may I keep your bicycle? You may keep it a little longer.He has kept my money for half a year.24. such as 例如（分说）for example 例如25. Im sorry to do sth. 对做某事我觉得很抱歉、伤心。Im sorry to trouble you. 很抱歉打扰你。26. in a way 在某种程度说27. in order to do 为了做(表目的）in order not to do 如： He got up early in order to catch the first bus. 他起早床，是为了赶上头班公共汽车。 In order not to offend people, learning about language etiquette is important.28. 等级/同级比较：asas ， not as/soasas + 形容词/ 副词原级 + as 表示“和一样的”“和一样的” 如：He speaks English as well as we. 他说英语和我们同样好。His pronunciation is as good as we.他的发音和我们同样好 否定式：not as + 形容词/ 副词原级 + as = not so + 形容词/ 副词原级 + as He doesnt work as / so hard as we. 他工作没有我们那样努力。 =We work harder than he.29. hand in 上交 sound rude 听起来粗鲁 any other language 任何语言 the way we speak 我们说话的方式 stop a stranger 拦住一位陌生人the expressions you use 你们使用的表达方式make requests 提出请求 (Requests are made 请求被提出 in any language.)Just like sth./ sb. Just as Lu Xu did.30. common 共同的 a common and necessary activity一相共同的必要的活动 similar 相似的similar requests 相似的请求 same 同样的The Same Song 同一首歌We dont have much in common. His mobile phone is similar to mine. Her idea is the same as mine.31. trouble v. 打扰 Im sorry to trouble you.很抱歉打扰你。 n. 麻烦，烦恼 Whats your trouble?=Whats the matter (=wrong) with you? Dont laugh at people when they are in trouble. He got into trouble just now.32.Using certain extra words helps to make language more polite.(动名词作主语，谓语用单数)33. 注意下列形容词的识记：fascinating, convenient, delicious, safe (dangerous), beautiful (ugly), inexpensive (expensive , cheap), uncrowded (crowded), clean (dirty), big(small)34. 注意下列副词的识记：especially, however, politely, 35. choice n. 选择， choose (chose, chosen) v.
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