高中英语非谓语动词十一个重要考点PartI.doc

高中英语非谓语动词十一个重要考点 Part I一、考查不定式、现在分词与过去分词的基本区别从时间关系上看，不定式表未来，现在分词表进行，过去分词表完成，同时注意不定式和现在分词的完成式也表完成(尤其是表示有明显的先后关系的完成)；从主动与被动来看，不定式和现在分词表主动，过去分词表被动，同时注意不定式和现在分词的被动式也表被动(不定式的被动式在表被动的同时还兼表未来，现在分词的被动式表被动的同时还兼表进行)。如： 1. I send you 100 dollars today, the rest _ in a year. A. follows B. followed C. to follow D. being followed 分析：答案选 _。动词_表示未来的动作。2. _from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world. A. Being separatedB. Having separated C. Having been separated D. To be separated分析：答案选 _。因为Australia与separate是_(主动/被动)关系，且separate发生在谓语动词has（之前/之后），所以用现在分词的完成被动式作原因状语。、考查非谓语动词的主动式与被动式结合句子意思，考察非谓语动词与相应逻辑主语的关系，若为主动关系，用主动式；若为被动关系，用被动式。此时要特别注意，过去分词没有相应的被动式，因为它本身可以表示被动。如： 1. The repairs cost a lot, but its money well_. A. to spendB. spentC. being spentD. spending分析：答案选_。因money与spend是_(主动/被动)关系，所以用过去分词。2. The prize of the game show is30000 and an all expenses _ vacation to China. A. paying B. paid C. to be paid D. being paid 分析：答案选_。因all expenses与pay是_动关系，故用过去分词。注意句中的an 不是修饰 expenses，而是修饰vacation。3. When _help, one often says, “Thank you.” Or “Its kind of you.”A. offeringB. to offerC. to be offeredD. offered分析：答案选 _。因一个人说“谢谢”，应当是他被提供了帮助，所以要用_（现在/过去）分词，When offered help =When he is offered help三、考查非谓语动词完成式的用法非谓语动词(不定式、动名词和现在分词)的完成式主要表示发生在谓语动作之前的动作。做题时要注意根据题干所提供的语境来推断这种先后关系。如：1. The storm left, _a lot of damage to this area. A. causedB. to have causedC. to cause D. having caused分析：答案选_。因The storm与cause是_(主动/被动)关系，排除选项_；不定式作状语，前面通常不用逗号，排除_和_；因暴风雨给这个地区“造成损失”是在“结束”之前，所以用_式。2. More and more people are signing up for Yoga classes nowadays, _advantage of the health and relaxation benefits. A. takingB. takenC. having takenD. having been taken分析：答案选 _。因people与take advantage of是_(主动/被动)关系，排除选项_和_；take不会发生在谓语are signing up之前，不用完成式，排除_。四、考查非谓语动词用作伴随状语在通常情况下，表伴随情况的应用现在分词。如：1. “You cant catch me!” Janet shouted, _away. A. runB. runningC. to runD. ran分析：答案选_。现在分词作_状语。2. He glanced over at her, _ that though she was tiny, she seemed very well put together. A. noting B. noted C. to noteD. having noted分析：答案选_。因为he与note是主谓关系，且note与谓语动词glanced的动作同时发生，所以用现在分词的一般式作_状语。3. Daddy didnt mind what we were doing, as long as we were together, _fun. A. hadB. haveC. to haveD. having分析：答案选 _。用现在分词表_。说明：有时过去分词也可表伴随(注意过去分词同时还表被动关系)，但高考很少考查此用法。如：He came in, followed by his wife. 他走了进来，后面跟着他的妻子。 五、考查非谓语动词用作目的状语在通常情况下，用作目的状语只能是不定式。如：1. “Can the project be finished as planned?” “Sure, _it completed in time, well work two more hours a day.” A. having gotB. to getC. gettingD. get分析：答案选_。作_-状语只能用动词不定式。2. _ more about university courses, call (920) 746-3789. A. To find outB. Finding outC. Find outD. Having found out分析：答案选 _。作_要用动词不定式。3. It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just _a look at the sports stars. (2005上海卷)A. hadB. havingC. to haveD. have分析：答案选_。“看看体育明星”是“在体育馆外等三个小时”的目的，作目的状语只能用_。六、考查非谓语动词用作结果状语1. 用现在分词表结果。如：He fired, killing one of the passers-by. 他开枪了，打死了一个过路人。Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, _a record US $ 57.65 a barrel on April 4. A. have reachedB. reachingC. to reachD. to be reaching分析：答案选_。伴随着谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果，用现在分词作_状语。2. 用不定式表结果。如：He returned home to find his wife waiting for him. 他回到家发现他的妻子在等他。He hurried to the station only _ that the train had left. A. to find B. finding C. found D. to have found分析：答案选_。因为only to do是习语，意为“_”，hurried和find是先后发生的两个动作。 七、考查非谓语动词用作宾语补足语原则上，所有的非谓语动词形式均可用作宾语补足语，其区别是：不定式表未来，现在分词表进行，过去分词表完成和被动。如：1. I couldnt do my homework with all that noise_. A. going on B. goes on C. went on D. to go on分析：答案选_。作with的宾语的补足语要用非谓语动词，排除选项_和_；与谓语动作同时发生用现在分词作宾语补足语，排除表示将来的不定式选项_。2. You should understand the traffic rule by now. Youve had it _often enough A. explainingB. to explainC. explainD. explained 分析：答案选_。宾语it与explain是_(主动/被动)关系，用过去分词作_，have sth done意为“请人做某事”。八、考查非谓语动词的逻辑主语问题按照英语习惯，非谓语动词的逻辑主语应与句子一致，否则就应调整句子结构。如：While watching television, _. A. the door bell rangB. the doorbell ringsC. we heard the doorbell ringD. we heard the doorbell rings分析：答案选_。因为watching的逻辑主语一定是_，排除选项_和_；又因在hear后作宾语补足语的是省略了to的不定式，所以选项D中的rings是_(正确/错误)的。九、考查非谓语动词用作主语的问题原则上说，动词用作主语，只能是不定式或动名词，不能是分词形式。这类考题命题还往往用动词原形作为干扰项进行考查，同学们做题需引起注意。如：Its necessary to be prepared for a job interview; _the answers ready will be of great help. A. To have had B. Having had C. Have D. Having分析：答案选_。动名词短语用作_。十、考查“(be +) 过去分词+介词”结构有一类“be+过去分词+介词”结构，如be interested in, be worried about, be lost in, be dressed in 等，也往往是命题的热点。如：1. _ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police. A. Having lostB. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing分析：答案选 _。因表示“迷路于”是lose oneself in，题中没有oneself, 所以the two students与lose是_(主动/被动)关系，应该用过去分词作_。2. _ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed 分析：答案选 _。由dress的宾语一定是人或oneself可知，dress与he是_(主谓/动宾)关系，即he与dress是被动关系，要用_(过去/现在)分词作状语，Dressed in =As he is dressed in 十一、非谓语动词的综合考查 有时命题者会将多个知识点综合起来进行考查，如在考查被动式的同时兼考完成式，在考查不定式的同时兼考分词，等等。如：1. I dont want _ like Im speaking ill of anybody, but the managers plan is unfair. A. to sound B. to be sounded C. soundingD. to have sounded分析：答案选 _。表示“想要做某事”want后只能接to do，排除选项_；sound like中sound是_动词，属不及物动词，不能用于被动语态，排除选项B；sound 发生在want后，故不用完成式，排除选项_。2. “Is Bob still performing?” “Im afraid not. He is said _ the stage already as he has become an official.” A. to have left B. to leave C. to have been left D. to be left分析：答案选 _。因he与leave是_(主动/被动)关系，不用被动式，排除选项_和_；由already可知，要用_式。Drilling高考真题1.(2012全国卷I)28. The party will be held in the garden, weather _.A. permitting B. to permit C. permitted D. permit2.(2012全国卷I)32. Film has a much shorter history, especially when _ such art forms as music and painting.A. having compared to B. comparing to C. compare to D. compared to3.(2012全国卷II)10. Tony lent me the money, _ that Id do as much for him.A. hoping B. to hope C. hoped D. having hoped4.(2012全国卷II)15. The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy _ anything that happened to be on.A. to watch B. watching C. watched D. to have watched5.(2012北京卷)23. One learns a language by making mistakes and _ them.A. corrects B. correct C. to correct D. correcting6.(2012北京卷)27. _ with care, one tin will last for six weeks.A. Use B. Using C. Used D. To use7.(2012北京卷)32. Birds singing is sometimes a warning to other birds _ away.A. to stay B. stayingC. stayedD. stay8.(2012上海卷)27. As Jack left his membership card at home, he wasnt allowed into the sports club. A. going B. to go C. go D. gone9.(2012上海卷)33. When Peter speaks in public, he always has trouble _ the right things to say. A. thinking of B. to think of C. thought of D. think of10.(2012上海卷)36. The club, _ _ 25 years ago, is holding a party for past and present members. A. founded B. founding C. being founded D. to be founded11.(2012上海卷) 39. Genius is a complicated concept, _many different factors. A. involved B. involving C. to involve D. being involved12.(2012天津卷)11. He got up late and hurried to his office, _the breakfast untouched. A. leftB. to leave C. leaving D. having left13.(2012江苏卷) 31. _ an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later. A. Based B. Basing C. Base D. To base 14.(2012安徽卷)24. I remembered _ the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights. A. locking B. to lock C. having locked D. to have locked 15.(2012安徽卷)30. When _ for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.A. asking B. asked C. having asked D. to be asked16.(2012湖南卷) 21. Weve had a good start, but next, more work needs _ to achieve the final success. A. being done B. doC. to be doneD. to do17.(2012湖南卷)23. Time, _ correctly, is money in the bank. A. to use B. usedC. usingD. use18.(2012湖南卷)31. The lecture, _ at 7：00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes. A. startingB. being startedC. to startD. to be started19.(2012福建卷)28.China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from _in the South China Sea.A. attackingB. having attacked C. being attackedD. having been attacked20.(2012福建卷)34.Pressed from his parents，and _that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games.A. realizingB. realizedC. to realizeD. being realized21.(2012陕西卷)15._ in a long queue, we waited for the store to open to buy a New iPad.A. Standing B. To stand C.Stood D. Stand22.(2012陕西卷)22. If he takes on this work, he will have no choice but _ an even greater challenge.A. meets B. meeting C. meet D. to meet23.(2012山东卷)26. George returned after the war, only _ that his wife had left him. A. to be told B. telling C. being told D. told 24.(2012山东卷)35. After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope _. A. providing B. provided C. having provided D. provide25.(2012重庆卷)23. _ to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.A. Having been asked B. To ask C. Having asked D. To be asked26.(2012重庆卷)28. Were having a meeting in half an hour. The decision _ at the meeting will influence the future of our company.A. to be made B. being made C. made D. having been made27.(2012四川卷)6. Tom took a taxi to the airport, only _ his plane high up in the sky.A. finding B. to find C. being found D. to have found28.(2012四川卷) 8. I looked up and noticed a snake _ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.A. to wind B. wind C. winding D. wound29.(2012四川卷)12. Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car_.A. washed B. wash C. washing D. to wash30.(2012江西卷)33Having finished her project, she was invited by the school to the new students.AspeakingBhaving spokenCto speakDto have spoken31.(2012江西卷)35John has really got the job because he showed me the official letter _ him it.AofferedBofferingCto offerDto be offered32.(2012浙江卷)3.No matter how bright a talker you are, there are times when its better _ silent.A. remainB. be remaining C. having remained D. to remain33.(2012浙江卷)11. Its a such nice place, Mother said as she sat at the table_ for customs.A. to be reserved B. Living reserved C. reserving D. reserved34.(2012辽宁卷)25. The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog_ them. A. to follow B. following C. followed D. follows35.(2012辽宁卷)26. Rod loves _clocks. However, he never manages to put them together again. A. taking apart B. giving away C. making up D. turning off36.(2012辽宁卷)29. This machine is very easy_. Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes. A. operating B. to be operating C. operated D. to operateSection 3 Drilling2011高考1. （安徽30）Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier _ into small pieces. A. break B. breaking C. broken D. to break2. ( 福建27)The difference in thickness and weight_ from the earlier version makes the iPad 2 more comfortable . A. held B. holding C. be held D. to hold3. （北京25）Its important for the figures_regularly. A. to be updated B. to have been updated C. to update D. to have updated4. (北京33)Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, _ on your feet. A. to keep B. keeping C. having kept D. to have kept5. (湖南29)Do you wake up every morning _ energetic and ready to start a new day? A. feel B. to feel C. feeling D. felt6. (福建23)Tsinghua University, _in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures. A. found B. founding C. founded D. to be founded7. (湖南 21)The ability _ an idea is as important as the idea itself. A. expressing B. expressed C. to express D. to be expressed8. (湖南 23)The players _ from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game. A. selecting B. to select C. selected D. having selected9. (辽宁 30) _around the fire, the tourists danced with the local people. A. Gather B. To gather C. Gathering D. To be gathering10. (江苏22)The fact that so many people still smoke in public place _that we may need a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the risk of smoking. A. suggest B. suggests C. suggestedD. suggesting11. (江苏 31 ) Recently a survey _ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens. Acompared Bcomparing Ccompares Dbeing compared12. (陕西 14) Claire had luggage an hour before her plane left. A. check B. checking C. to check D. checked13. (陕西 20 ) More highways have been built in China, _ it much easier for people to travel from one place to another. A. making B. made C. to make D. having made 14. ( 山东 27 )Look over there -theres a very long, winding path _ up to the house. A. leading B. leads C. led D. to lead 15. (天津 7 ) Passengers are permitted _ only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.A. to carry B. carrying C. to be carried D. being carried 16. (天津12)_ into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.A. Translating B. Translated C. To translate D. Having translated17. (浙江 3) Bats are surprisingly long-lived creatures, some _ a life span of around 20 years. A. having B. had C. have D. to have18. (浙江 14)Even the best writers find themselves _for words. A. lose B. lost C. to lose D. having lost 19. (浙江 19)If they win the final tonight, the team are going to tour around the city _by their enthusiastic supporters. A. being cheered B. be cheered C. to be cheered D. were cheered20. (重庆 29)More TV programs, according to government officials, will be produced peoples concern over_ food safety. A. to raise B. raising C. to have raised D. having raised21. (重庆 33)Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself _ of his own dreams. A. reminding B. to remind C. reminded D. remind22. （四川 2）Lidia doesnt feel like_abroad. Her parents are old. A. study B. studying C. studied D. to study23. (四川 11)Simon made a big bamboo box the little sick bird till it could fly.A. keep B. kept C. keeping D. to keep 24. (四川 16) _ an important role in a new movie, Andy has got a chance to become famous. A. Offer B. Offering C. Offered D. To offer25. (新课标 27)The next thing he saw was smoke_from behind the house.A. rose B. rising C. to rise D. risen 26. T(全国卷 15)he island, _ to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to. A. joining B. to join C. joined D. having joined27. (全国卷 18)Sarah pretended to be cheerful,_ _ nothing about the argument. A. says B: said C. to say D. saying 2010高考：1. （2010课标）Mrs. White showed her students some old maps_from the library.A. to borrow B. to be borrowed C. borrowed D. borrowing2. （2010课标）With Fathers Day around the corner, I have taken some money, I have taken some money out of the back_presents for my dad. A. buy B. to buy C. buying D. to have bought3. (2010山东)I have a lot of readings_before the end of this term. A. completing B. to complete C. completed D .being completed4. （2010江苏）The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in Yushu, _the students to return to their classrooms. A. enabling B. having enabled C. to enable D. to have enabled5. (2010天津) It rained heavily in the south, _serious flooding in several provinces.A. caused B. having caused C. causing D. to cause6. （(2010辽宁）We were astonished_the temple still in its original condition. A .finding B. to find C. find D. to be found7. （2010辽宁）Alexander tried to get his work_in the medical circles. A. to recognize B. recognizing C. recognize D. recognized8. （2010辽宁） -Its no use having ideas only.-Dont worry. Peter can show you _to turn an idea into an act.A. how B. who C. what D. where 9. （2010福建）Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock, _supplies to Yushu,Qinghai Province after the earthquake. A. sending B. to send D. having sent D. to have sent10. （2010福建）In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained_abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud. A. sticking B. stuck C. to be stuck D. to have stuck11. (2010浙江) The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if_regularly, can improve our health. A. being carried out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry out12. (2010浙江)The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and_less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat. A. being weighed B. to weigh C. weighed D.