英语语法名称.doc

十六种英语时态名称1.一般现在时 the present tense 2.一般过去时 the past tense3.一般将来时 the future tense4.一般过去将来时 the past future tense 5.现在进行时 the present continuous tense6.过去进行时 the past Continuous Tense 7.将来进行时 the future continuous tense 8.过去将来进行时 the past future continuous tense9.现在完成时 the Present Perfect Tense 10.过去完成时 the Past Perfect Tense 11.将来完成时 the future perfect tense 12.过去将来完成时 the past future perfect tense 13.现在完成进行时 the present perfect continuous tense 14.过去完成进行时 the past perfect continuous tense15.将来完成进行时 the future perfect continuous tense 16.过去将来完成进行时 the past future perfect continuous英语中10大词类名称、缩写名词 Nouns (n.) 形容词 Adjectives (adj.)副词 Adverbs (adv.)动词 Verbs 代词 Pronouns (pron.) 数词 Numerals (num.) 冠词 Articles (art.) 介词 Prepositions (prep.)连词 Conjunction (conj.) 感叹词 Interjection (interj.) 句子成分英文表达：主语 subject谓语 predicate宾语 object定语 attributive (modifier)状语 adverbialadjunct补语 complement表语 predicative常用标点符号英文表达句号 period；full stop逗号 comma问号 question mark感叹号 exclamatory mark引号 quotation mark冒号 colon分号semicolon 连字符 hyphen 连字符 省略号；所有格符号apostrophe 破折号dash 省略号ellipsis 斜体 italics句子类型英文表达1）simple sentence 简单句2）compound sentence 并列句3）complex sentence 复合句4）compound complex sentence 并列复合句根据句子目的或用途分类1）declarative sentence 陈述句2）interrogative sentence疑问句3）imperative sentence 祈使句4）exclamatory sentence 感叹句常用疑问句1）general question 一般疑问句 ； 也叫 yes-no question 是非疑问句2）special question 特殊疑问句3）alternative question 选择疑问句4）echo question 反问句语气英文表达1）indicative mood 直陈语气2）imperative mood 祈使语气3）subjunctive mood 虚拟语气从句英文表达1）subject clause 主语从句2）predicative clause 表语从句3）object clause 宾语从句4）attributive clause 定语从句5）adverbial clause 状语从句6）appositive clause 同位语从句状语从句英文表达adverbial clause of time 时间状语从句adverbial clause of place 地点状语从句adverbial clause of cause 原因状语从句adverbial clause of result 结果状语从句adverbial clause of degree 程度状语从句adverbial clause of purpose 目的状语从句adverbial clause of condition 条件状语从句adverbial clause of concession 让步状语从句adverbial clause of manner 方式状语从句A. 名词common noun 普通名词C 可数名词substantivization 名词化number 数 （名词的数）nominative case 主格genitive case 属格proper noun 专有名词U 不可数名词case 格 （名词的格）objective case 宾格double genitive 双重属格B. 冠词definite article 定冠词 theindefinite article 不定冠词 a / anzero article 零冠词C. 代词1. personal pronoun人称代词I you me you2. possessive pronoun物主代词my your mine yours3. reflexive pronoun反身代词myself yourself4. reciprocal pronoun相互代词each other one another5. demonstrative pronoun指示代词this that these those it such same6. interrogative pronoun疑问代词who whom whose which what7. relative pronoun关系代词who whom whose which that as8. indefinite pronoun不定代词some something any anythingD. 数词cardinal numeral 基数词 ordinal numeral 序数词E. 动词tense 时态 voice 语态mood 语气 aspect 体transitive verb 及物动词intransitive verb 不及物动词link verb 连系动词 reflexive verb 反身动词notional verb 实义动词 auxiliary verb 助动词modal verb 情态动词finite verb 限定动词phrasal verb 短语动词verb stem 动词原形third person singular present tense form 第三人称单数现在式 past tense form 过去式past participle 过去分词present participle 现在分词regular verb 规则动词 irregular verb 不规则动词dynamic verb 动态动词 stative verb 静态动词active voice 主动语态 passive voice 被动语态F. 非限定动词non-finite verb 非限定动词finite verb 限定动词to-infinitive 带to的不定式bare infinitive 不带to的不定式perceptional verb 感觉动词 ( feel see hear )causative verb 使役动词 ( make let have )double passive 双重被动式split infinitive 分裂不定式G. 连词1）simple conjunction 简单连词2）correlative conjunction 关联连词3）participial conjunction分词连词4）phrasal conjunction 短语连词1）co-ordinative conjunction 等立连词2）subordinative conjunction 从属连词短语类型英文表达1） noun phrase名词短语2） verb phrase动词短语3） adjectival phrase形容语短语4） adverbial phrase副词短语5） prepositional phrase介词短语6） infinitive phrase不定式短语7） gerundial phrase动名词短语8） participial phrase分词短语宾语表达direct object直接宾语indirect object 间接宾语complex object 复合宾语subject complement 主语补语 object complement 宾语补语independent element 独立成分引语直接引语direct speech 间接引语indirect speech形容词的级别原级 positive degree比较级 comparative degree最高级 superlative degree 句法原则时态的呼应sequence of tenses 一致concord 语法一致grammatic concord 意义一致notional concord 邻近原则principle of proximity 省略ellipsis 倒装inversion 完全倒装complete inversion 部分倒装 partial inversion 其他复合句 complex sentence主句 main clause从句 subordinate clause实词 notional word虚词 form word小品词particle 先行词 antecedent从属关联词 subordinate correlative