小学形容词的比较级和最高级.doc

形容词的比较级和最高级一 形容词的比较级和最高级的用法 在英语中，在表示两者作比较时，形容词要用特别的形式，称为“比较级”，三者及三者以上作比较时用“最高级”，原来的形容词称为“原级”。e.g. You look taller than me .你比我高。 You are heavier than me.你比我重。 I am the strongest in my class. 我是我们班最强壮的。二.形容词比较级和最高级句型结构 1.比较级句型：主语A+ be 动词 + 形容词比较级 + than + B A比Be.g. He is older than me.他比我年长。【拓展】比较级的其他表达方式the+形容词比较级+of the two+表示.是两者中较的。e.g. He is the heavier of the two boys. Look at the two boys. My brother is the taller of the two.比较级+and+比较级表示越来越。e.g. He is getting taller and taller.他越来越高。the+比较级，the+比较级表示越越。e.g. The more careful you are，the fewer mistakes youll make 你越细心，就会越少犯错误。 he more we get together, the happier we will be.我们聚得越多，我们就越开心The harder you work , the better youll be.你越努力工作，你就会变得越好。辅助练习：1. Jim is _ than all the others. (tall)2. Things are getting _ and _. (bad)3. The higher you climb, the _ it will be. (cold)2.最高级句型：主语 + be动词 + the + 形容词最高级 + 介词短语 （介词短语：in my class ,in the room ,in the hall ）e.g. He is the tallest in our class.【拓展】最高级的其他形式主语+be+ one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词+in/of短语表示是中最之一e.g. Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.序数词+最高级e.g. Hainan Island is the second largest island in China.辅助练习：1.The changjiang river is _ (long) river in China.2. The Yellow River (Huang He) is _ （第二长）river in China3.A.形容词的比较级和最高级变化规则构成原级比较级最高级单 音 节 和 少 数 双 音 节 单 词一般词尾加-er, -esttalllongoldsmalltallerlongeroldersmallertallestlongestoldestsmallest以字母e结尾的形容词或副词,直接加-r,-stnicefinelargenicerfinerlargernicestfinestlargest以重读闭音节结尾的形容词或副词,如末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写该字母,再加-er,-estbighotfatthinbiggerhotterfatterthinnerbiggesthottestfattestthinnest以“辅音字母+y”结尾的形容词或副词，把y变为i，再加-er,-estheavybusyearlyeasyheavierbusierearliereasierheaviestbusiestearliesteasiestB. 部分双音节与多音节的词比较级在原级之前加more, 最高级在原级之前加most beautiful-more beautiful-most beautifulinteresting- more interesting most interestingdifficult- more difficult most difficultC.不规则变化的形容词: little / few - less least good better - bestbad/ill - worse worst far - farther/furtherfarthest/furthestmany/much more most e.g. 比较一下下列句子，领悟原级、比较级、最高级的用法。Tom is tall.他很高。 Tom is as tall as John.汤姆和吉姆一样高。Bob is taller than John.鲍勃比约翰高。John is the tallest of the three.约翰是三个当中最高的一个。John is the tallest in his class.约翰在他们班最高。【课外拓展】1.在比较等级中常用much, a lot, far, even等常修饰比较级，表程度。e.g.姚明比我高多了。Yao Ming isverytaller than I.（误）Yao Ming ismuchtaller than I. （正）2.在比较等级的句型中，比较的双方必须是同类事物，否则会引起歧义。即人与人，物与物的比较。e.g. 他的尺子比我的长。His ruler is longer thanme.（误）His ruler is longer thanmine. （正）3.形容词最高级前一般有定冠词，但如果前边也有物主代词，名词所有格等词来修饰时，定冠词the常被省略。e.g.加里是我最好的朋友。Garyis mythe bestfriend.（误）Gary is mybestfriend. （正）4.形容词比较级前一般不加定冠词，但句中有“of the two”结构表示“两者中较的一个”时，定冠词the要加上。e.g.苏珊是这两个女孩子当中较胖的一个。Susan isfatterof the two girls.（误）Susan isthe fatterof the two girls. （正）同步练习：一、选择题。1. She is _ than _ .A. busier / us B. busier / we C. more busy / us D. more busy / we2. Jane is _ than Betty.A. less taller B. less tallest C. less tall D. not as tall3. China is _ country in the world.A. the third largest B. the largest third C. the third large D. a third largest4. -Which is _ season in Beijing?-I think its autumn.A. goodB. betterC. bestD. the best5- Which is_ , the sun, the moon or the earth?- Of course, the moon is.A. smallB. smallerC. smallestD. the smallest6.The air in Beijing is getting much _ now than a few years ago.A. cleanB. cleanerC. cleanestD. the cleanest7. Mobile phones are very popular now and they are _ than before.A. cheapB. cheaperC. cheapestD. the cheapes8I study English as_ as my brother.A. hard B. harder C. hardest D. the hardest9. Which is _ , a bicycle or a computer?A. expensiveB. more expensiveC. the most expensive D.expensiver10. The Yellow River is one of _rivers in China.A. long B. longer C. the longest D. longest二、写出下列单词的比较级和最高级。1. nice _ 2. fat _3. slow _ 4. dry _5. happy _ 6. wet _7. much _ 8. ill _9. little _ 10. bad _三. 根据句意，用所括号内所级形容词的正确形式填空。1. Mr. Smith is _ man in this office. (rich)2. Winter is _ season of the years. (cold)4. It is much _ today than yesterday. (hot)5. She is a little _ than her classmates. (careful)6. Bob is _ ( young ) than Fred.but _ (tall) than Fred.7. Almost all the students faces are the same ,but Li Deming looks _ (fat) than before after the summer holidays. 8.Which is _ (heavy), a duck or a chicken? 9. An orange ia a little _ (big) than an apple, but much _ (small) than a watermelon.10.- How _ (tall) is Sally? -She s 1.55 metres _ (tall). What about Xiaoling? - She s only 1.40 metres _ (tal)l) She is much _ (short) than Sally.2) She is also the _ (short) girl in the class.四、课堂总结：和学生一起，对本次课的主要内容作总结概括，并用红笔留痕。五课外作业布置：（）1.Kenis_thanAnn.A. tallB. tellerC. taller（）2.Whoisthe_?A. oldestB. olderC. old（）3.How_isKen?A. manyB. much C.heavy（）4.Im147_tall.A. kilogramsB. centimetersC. meters（）5. The book is _ of the two. A. thinner B. the thinner C. more thinner （）6. Which do you like _, coffee, tea or milk?A. the worst B. worse C. the worse ( ）7.Jim is 40 kg. Tom is 38 kg. Tom is _ than Jim. A. taller B. thinner C. heavier ( ）8.Tom is 120 cm. Jack is _. Than him. A. tall B. taller C. heavier( )9. My sister is good at sports, She can jump _ than me. A. highest B. too high C. much higher一写出以下各形容词的比较级和最高级：1. thin _ 2. far _3. early _ 4. careful_5. exciting _ 6. busy _二 根据句意，用所括号内所级形容词的正确形式填空：1. _ people came to the meeting than last time. (many)2. Which book is _, this one or that one? (easy)3. My room is _ than yours. (small)4. Hainan is _ from Beijing than Hunan. (far)5. Skating is _ than swimming. (exciting)6.He is _ (bad) at learning maths. He is much _ (bad) at Chinese and he is the _ (bad) at English.7. Annie says Sally is the _ (kind) person in the world. 8. He is one of the_(friendly) people in the class, I think.9. A dictionary is much _ (expensive) than a story-book.10.- Annie plays the piano very _ (well).- Sue plays it _ (well) than Annie. And Sally plays it the _ (well).11. The Changjiang River is the _ (long) river in China.12. Sue is a little _ (beautiful) than her sister.13. Saturday is my _ (busy) day in a week.14. Her mother is getting _(fat) and _ (fat).15. I think it s too expensive. I d like a _ (cheap) one.16. He comes to school much _ (early) than I.17. Your classroom is _(wide) and _(bright) than ours.18. Practise as _ (much) as you can.19. The _ (much), the _ (good).20. Most of the students think a lion is much _(dangerous) than a bear and It is the _ (dangerous) animal in the world.21. Nowadays(现在) English is _( important ) than any other subject, 1 think.22.-How difficult is physics?-I m not sure.-Is it _ (difficult) than maths?-I don t think so.