发动机专业英语词汇.doc

发动机engine内燃机intenal combusiton engine动力机装置power unit汽油机gasoline engine汽油喷射式汽油机gasoline-injection engine火花点火式发动机spark ignition engine压燃式发动机compression ignition engine往复式内燃机reciprocating internal combustion engine化油器式发动机carburetor engine柴油机diesel engine转子发动机rotary engine旋轮线转子发动机rotary trochoidal engine二冲程发动机two-stroke engine四冲程发动机four-stroke engine直接喷射式柴油机direct injection engine间接喷射式柴油机indirect injection engine增压式发动机supercharged engine风冷式发动机air-cooled engine油冷式发动机oil-cooled engine水冷式发动机water-cooled engine自然进气式发动机naturally aspirated engine煤气机gas engine液化石油气发动机liquified petroleum gas engine柴油煤气机diesel gas engine多种燃料发动机multifuel engine石油发动机hydrocarbon engine双燃料发动机duel fuel engine热球式发动机hot bulb engine多气缸发动机multiple cylinder engine对置活塞发动机opposed piston engine对置气缸式发动机opposed-cylinder engine十字头型发动机cross head engine直列式发动机in-line engine星型发动机radial engine筒状活塞发动机trunk-piston engine斯特林发动机stirling engine套阀式发动机knight engine气孔扫气式发动机port-scavenged engine倾斜式发动机slant engine前置式发动机front-engine后置式发动机rear-engine中置式发动机central engine左侧发动机left-hand engine右侧发动机right-hand engine短冲程发动机oversquare engine长冲程发动机undersquare engine等径程发动机square engine顶置凸轮轴发动机overhead camshaft engine双顶置凸轮轴发动机dual overhead camshaft engineV形发动机V-engine顶置气门发动机valve in-head engine侧置气门发动机side valve engine无气门发动机valveless engine多气门发动机multi-valve engine卧式发动机horizontal engine斜置式发动机inclined engine立式发动机vertical engineW形发动机w-engineI形发动机I-engineL形发动机L-engineF形发动机F-engine性能performance二冲程循环two-stroke cycle四冲程循环four-stroke cycle狄塞尔循环diesel cycle奥托循环otto cycle混合循环mixed cycle定容循环constant volume cycle工作循环working cycle等压循环constant pressure cycle理想循环ideal cycle热力循环thermodynamic cycle冲程stroke活塞行程piston stroke长行程long stroke上行程up stroke下行程down stroke进气行程intake stroke充气行程charging stroke压缩行程compression stroke爆炸行程explosion stroke膨胀行程expansion stroke动力行程power stroke排气行程exhaust stroke膨胀换气行程expansion-exchange stroke换气压缩行程exchange-compression stroke止点dead center上止点top dead center(upper dead center)下止点lower dead center(bottom dead center)上止点前BTDC(before top dead center)上止点后atdc(after top dead cetner)下止点前bbdc(before bottom dead center)下止点后abdc(after bottom dead center)缸径cylinder bore缸径与行程bore and stroke空气室energy chamber气缸余隙容积cylinder clearance volume燃烧室容积combustion chamber volume气缸最大容积maximum cylinder volume压缩室compression chamber排气量displacement发动机排量engine displacement活塞排量piston swept volume气缸容量cylinder capacity单室容量single-chamber capacity容积法volumetry压缩比compression ratio临界压缩比critical compression ratio膨胀比expansion ratio面容比surface to volume ratio行程缸径比stroke-bore ratio混合比mixture ratio压缩压力compression pressure制动平均有效压力brake mean effective pressure(bmep)空燃比air fuel ratio燃空比fuel air ratio燃料当量比fuel equivalence ratio扭矩torque单缸功率power per cylinder升功率power per liter升扭矩torque per liter升质量mass per liter 减额功率derating power输出马力shaft horsepower马力小时，马力时horsepower-hour总马力gross horse power总功率gross power 净功率net power 燃油消耗量fuel consumption 比燃料消耗率specific fuel consumption空气消耗率air consumption机油消耗量oil consumptioneffective thermal efficiency充气系数volumetric efficiency过量空气系数coefficient of excess air活塞平均速度mean piston speed发动机转速engine speed (rotational frequency)怠速转速idling speed经济转速economic speed起动转速starting speed最低稳定工作转速lowest continuous speed with load最大扭矩转速speed at maximum torque最高空转转速maximum no load governed speed调速speed governing 超速overspeed怠速idling转速波动率speed fluctuation rate工况working condition(operating mode)额定工况declared working condition变工况variable working condition稳定工况steady working condition空载no-load全负荷full load超负荷气缸cylinder（转子机）缸体stator缸径cylinderbore气缸体机架cylinderblockframe气缸盖cylinderhead配气机构箱valvemechanismcasing气缸体隔片cylinderspacer气缸盖密封环cylinderheadringgasket气缸盖垫片cylinderheadgasket气缸套cylinderliner(cylindersleeve)干式缸套drycylinderliner湿式缸套wetcylinderliner气缸水套waterjacketpowerperformance排放性能emissionperformance空转特性noloadcharacteristics负荷特性partthrottlecharacteristics调速特性governorcontrolcharacteristics万有特性mappingcharacteristics气缸体和气缸盖cylinderblockandhead气缸体cylinderblock整体铸造castinblock(castenblock)发动机罩enginebonnet燃烧室combustionchamber主燃烧室maincombustionchamber副燃烧室subsidiarycombustionchamber预燃室prechamber涡流燃烧室swirlcombustionchamber分开式燃烧室dividedcombustionchamber涡流式燃烧室turbulencecombustionchamber半球形燃烧室hemisphericalcombustionchamber浴盆形燃烧室bathtubsectioncombustionchamberL形燃烧室L-combustionchamber楔形燃烧室wedge-sectioncombustionchamber开式燃烧室opencombustionchamber封闭喷射室closedspraychamber活塞顶内燃烧室pistonchamber爆发室explosionchamber燃烧室容积比volumeratioofcombustioncahmber燃烧室口径比surface-volumeratioofcombustionchamber通道面积比arearatioofcombustionchamberpassage曲轴箱通气口crankcasebreather凸轮轴轴承座camshaftbearingbushseat定时齿轮室罩camshaftdrive(gear)cover曲轴箱检查孔盖crankcasedoor曲轴箱防爆门crankcaseexplosionproofdoor主轴承盖mainbearingcap气缸盖罩valvemechanismcover飞轮壳flywheelcover扫气储器scavengingairreceiver活塞piston裙部开槽活塞直接冷却式活塞direct-cooledpiston间接冷却式活塞indirectcooledpiston滑裙活塞slipperpiston活塞速度pistonspeed活塞顶部pistonhead活塞裙部pistonskirt整体活塞裙solidskirt活塞裙扩大衬簧pistonskirtexpander滑履式活塞裙slipperskirt隔热槽heatdam活塞标记pistonmark活塞销pistonpin活塞销孔pistonpinboss活塞销衬套pistonpinbushing全浮式活塞销full-floatingpistonpin半浮式活塞销semifloatingpistonpin固定螺钉式活塞销setscrewpistonpin活塞环pistonring组合式活塞环compoundpistonring同心活塞环concentricpistonring偏心活塞环eccentricpistonring自由环freering闭合环closedring梯形环keystonering半梯形环halfkeystonering矩形环rectangularring油环oilcontrolring开槽油环凸轮轴轴承camshaftbearing凸轮轴偏心轮camshafteccentric凸轮轴链轮camshaftsprocket凸轮轴正时齿轮camshafttiminggear凸轮轴齿轮camshaftgearwheel进口凸轮inletcam排气凸轮exhaustcam快升凸轮quickliftcam快升缓降凸轮quickliftgradualclsingcam凸轮轮廓camcontour凸轮包角camangle正时齿轮timinggear链传动机构chaindrive链轮sprocketwheel链轮盘chainsprocket正时链条timingchain带齿皮带toothedtimingbelt链条张紧轮chaintensiongear半速齿轮halfspeedgear正时齿轮刻印记号timinggearpunchmark气门valve进气过程intakeprocess换气过程gasexchangeprocess扫气过程scavengingprocess给气比deliveryratio分层充气stratifiedcharge充量系数volumetricefficiency涡流比swirlrate进气涡流intakeswirl螺旋进气道进气helicalductintake导流屏式气门进气maskedvalveintake切向进气道进气tangentialductintake进气紊流intaketrubulence进气提前角intakeadvanceangle进气持续角intakedurationangle进气迟后角intakelagangle进面值time-areavalue气门升程valvelift气门正时valvetiming扫气口面积scavengingportarea菌形气门mashroomvalve,poppetvalve钠冷却气门sodiumfilledvalve(natriumcooledvalve)双气门dualvalve进气门intakevalve(suctionvalve,inletvalve)排气门exhaustvalve顶置气门overheadvalve侧置气门distributorfuelinjectionpump多缸燃油喷射泵multicylinderfuelinjectionpump框架安装式燃油喷射泵cradlemountedinjectionpump喷油始点fuelinjectionbeginning喷油终点fuelinjectionend喷油持续角fuelinjectiondurationangle喷油延迟injectiondelay引燃喷射pilotinjection启喷压力injectionstartingpressure峰值喷油扭矩peakinjectiontorque峰值喷油压力peakinjectionpressure喷油泵油缸数目numberofcylindersofaninjectionpump无气喷射solidinjection喷射正时injectiontiming集中喷射groupinjection喷油器injector整体式喷油器unitinjector喷嘴nozzle轴针式喷嘴pintletypenozzle环槽式喷嘴annularslotnozzle孔式喷嘴holetypenozzle长杆喷嘴longstemnozzle孔板式喷嘴orificeplatenozzle开式喷嘴opennozzle闭式喷嘴closednozzle喷油提前器timingadvanceunit喷射泵壳体injectionpumphousing喷嘴锥体nozzleholecone柱塞plunger柱塞套barrel柱塞行程plungerstroke喷孔sprayorifice燃油滤清器fuelfilter增压器supercharger增压装置superchargingdevice涡轮增压器turbo-charger机械增压mechanicalsupercharging涡轮增压turbo-charging增压比superchargeratio增压压力boostpressure增压中冷inter-cooling中冷度inter-coolinglevel增压度supercharginglevelelectronicindicator燃烧分析仪combustionanalyzer压力传感器pressuretransducer精密声级计precisionsoundlevelmeter排放emission排放物emission排气污染物gaseouspollutant蒸发排放物evaporativeemission曲轴箱排放物crankcaseemission漏气blowbygas氨氧化物oxidsofnitrogen一气化碳carbonmonoxide碳氢化合物hydrocarbon甲烷methane无甲烷碳氢化合物non-methanehydrocarbons光化学活性碳氢化合物photochemicallyreactivehydrocarbons微粒物particulatedmatter黑烟blacksmoke蓝烟bluesmoke白烟whitesmoke碳烟soot光化学烟雾smog臭味odor丙烷propane排放浓度concentrationofemission排气烟度exhaustsmoke先期排气initialexhaust亚临界排气subcriticalexhaust超临界排气supercriticalexhaust强制排气forcedexhaust自由排气freeexhaust排气提前角exhaustadvanceangle排气迟后角exhaustlagangle排气热损失exhaustheatloss排气净化exhaustpurification排气背压exhaustbackpressure残余废气residualgas排气有害成分poisonousexhaustcomposition柴油机排烟dieselsmoke综合排放浓度compositeconcentrationofexhaustemission空燃比反馈控制系统air-fuelratiofeedbackcontrolsystem理论配比stoichiometric高效带window氧传感器oxygensensor稀混合气leanmixture浓混合气richmixture分层充气stratifiedcharge温度补偿temperaturecompensating温度传感器temperaturesensor压力传感器pressuresensor位置传感器positionsensor转速传感器speedsensor机械磨损mechanicalwear化学磨损chemicalwear热磨损thermicwear疲劳磨损fatiguewear腐蚀性磨损corrosionwear故障磨损failurewear故障malfunctioning断裂breakdown损坏damage更换（零件）replacing擦伤scratching刮伤scoring摩托车motorcycle轻便摩托车moped轿车passengercar微型轿车minicar普通级轿车subcompactcar中级轿车compactcar中高级轿车intermediatecar高级轿车limousine(pullmansaloon)活顶轿车convertiblesaloon旅行轿车stationwagon短头轿车forwardcontrolpassengercar小型轿车coupe敞蓬小轿车dropheadcoupe跑车sportscar赛车racer(racingcar)单座小客车one-seater七座小客车seven-seater越野车off-roadvehicle轻型越野车light-off-roadvehicle中型越野车mediumoff-roadvehicle重型越野车heavyoff-roadvehicle超重型越野车extraheavyoff-roadvehicle吉普车jeep硬顶吉普车hardtopjeep客车bus微型客车minibus轻型客车lightbus中型客车mediumbus大型客车largebus客货两用小客车estatecar(estate)多用途客车multipurposevehicle厢式小客车closedcar出租小客车taxicar城市客车urbanbus大客车coach城间大客车intercitybus长途大客车longdistancecoach旅游客车sightseeingbus(touringbus)铰接客车articulatedbus无轨客车trolleybus双层客车double-deckbus团体客车privatecoach货车truck(lorry)微型货车mini-truck轻型货车lighttruck中型货车mediumtruck重型货车heavytruck公路货车highwayvehicle小型货车pick-up平板货车platformtruck(flatbedtruck)通用货车general-purposevehicle短轴距货车short-wheelbasetruck长轴距货车long-wheelbasetruck集装箱运输货车containercarrier客货两用车cargo-bus厢式货车van牵引汽车towingvehicle全挂牵引汽车towingvehicle牵杆式牵引车full-trailertowingvehicle半挂牵引车semi-trailertowingvehicle道路列车roadtrain客用道路列车passengerroadtrain铰接式道路列车articulatedroadtrain双挂式道路列车doubleroadtrain混合式道路列车compositeroadtrain天然气车辆naturalgasvehicle(NGV)压缩天然气车辆compressednaturalgasvehicle液化天然气车辆liquidpetroleumgasvehicle液化石油气车辆liquidpetroleumgasvehicle双燃料车辆duelfuelvehicle单燃料车辆singlefuelvehicle专用车specialvehicle垃圾车dustcar(refusecollector)冷藏车refrigeratedvan洒水车streetsprinkler(streetflusher)囚车prisonvan殡仪车hearse售货车mobilestore(mobileshop)图书馆车mobilelibrary宣传车mobilelouderspeaker商业广告车spieltruck展览汽车demonstrationcar博览会专用车fairgroundvehicle流动艺术展览车artmobile邮政车mobilepostoffice运油车fueltanker加油车refueller飞机牵引车aircrafttractor救护车ambulance(medicalvehicle)病院汽车cliniccar医疗急救车rescueambulanceX射线诊断车mobile-x-rayclinic防疫监测车mobileepidemiccontrolvehicle计划生育车mobilefamily-planningclinic伤残者运送车handicappedpersoncarrier炊事车kitchenvehicle餐车mobilecanteen沐浴车mobileshowerbath保温车insulatedvan电视转播车TVrelayingvehicle电视录像车videorecordingvehicle摄影车mobilephotographicstudio电影放映车filmprojectionvehicle邮件运输车mailcarrier农用车farmvehicle种子检测车plantseedsinspectionvan植物保护车plantpestcontrolvehicle计量检测车metrologyinspectionvehicle环境检测车mobileenvironmentmonitor畜禽防疫车mobileanimaleqidemiccontrol交通监理车trafficcontrolcar刑事勘察车mobilecrimeinvestigationvehicle气卸散装水泥车bulk-cementpneumaticdeliverytanker气卸散装煤粉车bulk-coalpowderpneumaticdeliverytanker气卸散装电石粉车bulk-calciumcarbidepneumaticdeliverytanker气卸散装化学粉粒车bulk-chemicalspneumaticdeliverytanker食用植物油运油汽车edibleoiltanker食用植物油加油车edibleoilpumpdeliverytanker活鱼运输车lifefishcarrier气卸散装面粉车bulk-flourpneumaticdeliverytanker吸尘车vacuumsweeper高压清洗车high-pressuresewerflushingvehiclechartofautomotivemodel后驱动汽车reardriveautomobile前驱动汽车前轮距trackfront后轮距trackrear双胎间距spacebetweentwinwheels前悬frontoverhang后悬rearoverhang离地间隙groundclearance纵向通过角rampangle接近角approachangle离出角departureangle车架高度heightofchassisaboveground驾驶室后车架最大可用长度maximumusablelengthofchassisbehindcab车身长度货厢容积loadingsurface门高doorheight门宽doorwidth车架有效长度chassisframeusefullength比功率power/massratio比扭矩torque/maximumtotalmassratio