高考总复习：高考词汇和完形训练.doc

高考总复习：高考词汇和完形训练撰稿：霍莹 审稿：牛新革 责编：陈玉莲高考重点词汇讲解kind(n.) 种类Dont trust him: I know his kind.别相信他, 这种人我了解。 * Shes not the kind (of woman/person) to lie. 她不是那种爱撒谎的（女）人。短语: a kind of (informal 口) 用以表示不确: I had a kind of feeling this might happen. 我隐约感到这事可能发生。kind of (informal l 口) slightly; to some extent 稍微; 有点儿; 有几分 Im not sure why, but I feel kind of sorry for him. 不知为什么, 我有点为他惋惜。(adj.) 仁慈的；友爱的；好意的It was really kind of you to give me a lift home.你让我搭便车回家，真是太好了。If you want other people to be kind to you, you must be kind to them. 如果你希望别人善待你，你自己得善待他们。短语: be so kind as to/ be kind enough to 请您费心Will you be kind as to shut the door? 请您关上门好吗？派生词：kindness (n.) 亲切; 和蔼; 仁慈; 好意:She always shows kindness to children and animals. 她对孩子和动物总是很温柔。He did it entirely out of kindness, not for the money. 他做那件事纯粹是出于好意, 并非为钱。 kindly (adv.) 亲切地; 和蔼地; 友好地; 仁慈地; 慈爱地: treat sb. kindly 善待某人 *He spoke kindly to them. 他和蔼地和他们谈话。knock(vt./vi.) 敲；击；打；相撞；碰撞Mind you dont knock your head (on this low beam). 小心, 别（让这根低梁）撞着头。短语：knock at/onknock at the door before entering please.knock down(1) 撞倒He was knocked down by a car.(2)拆毁These old building will sooner or later be knocked down.knock intoHe was in such a hurry that he almost knocked into me.knockoffHe knock a cup off the table.knock overBut just under a year ago, Roys father was knocked over by a car.(n.) 短促的敲或打（的声音）: Did I hear a knock at the door? 是有人敲门吗?lack(n.) 缺乏；没有Lack of sleep can affect learning and memory. 缺少睡眠可能会影响学习和睡眠。(vt./vi) 缺乏；短少；没有Do you want to make more friends but lack the confidence to talk to people you dont know? 你是否想交更多的朋友，但缺乏信心和陌生人交谈？短语：lack for（多用于否定句）As he is very rich he lacks for nothing. 他很富有，什么都不缺。(4) last(adj.) 最后的December is the last month of the year. 最近的；上一个月的over the last twenty years 近20年来（动词用现在完成时态） 最不可能的；最不适合的(adv.) 最后 上次；最近Believe it or not, we last met more than thirty years ago.(vi./vt.) 持续；维持The activity will last about ten days, from June 10 to 20.(5) late(adj.) 迟的；晚的in the late 19th century 19世纪末叶近来的；最近的The late storm had destroyed many houses. (adv.) 晚；迟late in the afternoon 傍晚辨析：late; lately; later; latest; latterlately：最近;近来later：以后;后来latest：最近的;最新的latter：后者;后面的(6) lay(vt.) (laid, laid)放；搁He laid a knife on the dish.lay ones hope on 寄希望于lay stress/emphasis on 强调安排；布置Lay the table for lunch.下（蛋）；产（卵）辨析：lay, lielay (laid, laid; laying) 及物动词，意为“放”“搁”等lie (lay, lain; lying) 不及物动词，意为“平躺”“平放”lie (lied, lied; lying) 不及物动词，意为“撒谎”(7) lead(v.) (led, led) 领导；引导He led the blind man across the street. 过的生活lead a miserable existence, a life of luxury, a double life, etc 过悲惨的生活 豪华的生活 双重人格的生活等 导往; 通往The path will lead you to the station. 致使;使得What led you to change your mind? 领先; 率先He leads his class in English.(n.) 领先；领先地位 铅; 铅笔芯He was in the lead during the race.短语：lead a life 过生活lead to 导致;通向lead the way 带路(8) leave(vt./vi.) (left, left) 离开；动身 剩下；留下；留给 放；忘带；遗留 （用作使役动词，接复合宾语，宾语补足语可为形容词、副词、过去分词、动词-ing、名词、介词短语等）使；让；(n.) 休假期短语：leavealone 不打扰；不理会；不干预leave behind 遗留；忘带；把丢在后面leave for 动身去(某地)leave out 省略;遗漏leaveto/with 把托付给;留/交给(9) lesson(n.) 课；功课 教训短语：do ones lessons 做功课givelessons 教课learn lessons from 从中吸取教训takelessons 学习teach sb. a lesson 给某人一个教训(10) let(vt.) (let, let) 让；允许短语：let alone 更不用说letalone/be 不管；不打扰；不干涉let down 使失望；辜负let go (of) 放开；释放let in 让进来;放进let out 放出;发出;泄露(11) lift(vt./vi)举起；抬起升高(n.) 电梯(=AmE elevator)搭便车Fortunately, we got a lift from a passing car.举起；高举a lift in prices 涨价短语：give sb. a lift 让某人搭便车(12) light(vt./vi) (lit/lighted, lit/lighted) 点燃； 照亮(n.) 光（亮）；光线 灯 日光；白天get up before light 天亮之前起床(adj.) 明亮的Its getting light outside. 天正在变亮。浅色的light blue 浅蓝色轻的；轻松的as light as a feather 轻如鸿毛with a light heart 以轻松的心情短语：light up 照亮；喜形于色bring to light 将曝光; 揭露come to light 显露;暴露throw/cast light on/upon 阐明;使人了解(13) like(vt./vi.)喜欢(prep.) 像；和一样He doesnt look like a student! 比如;例如You had to be good at something, like sport, or reading the news, or acting.(conj.) 好像;似乎It sounds like they dont know whats going on either. 如同;像一样(=as)Please do like I tell you.(adj.)相像的;相同的The two houses are very like(n.) (常用复数) 爱好ones likes and dislikes短语：if you like 如果你愿意how do you like ? 你认为怎么样?(14) likely(adj.) 有可能的The most likely result is a draw.(adv.) （常与most, very连用）大概；多半；很可能Most likely she is over thirty.句型：be likely to do sth. 有可能做某事It is likely that 有可能(15) line(n.) 线；绳 电话线；运输线Hold the line, please. 请别挂电话。 界限；跑道线The ball crossed the line. 球出界了。 排；行 （常用复数）台词For weeks my mother helped me practice my lines.(vt.) 沿排列Thousands of people lined the streets to welcome them. 成千上万的人夹道欢迎他们。短语：be lined with 排列着；排满了line up 整队；排成行(16) live(vt./vi.) 活着；生存；生活居住过（生活）(adj.) 活的；有生命的 The trade also involves live animals精力充沛的；充满活力的 live eyes 炯炯有神的眼睛 实况广播的 We watched the football match on live television.短语：live a life 过生活live by 靠过活live on 以为主食; 靠(钱)活着live through 经历而幸存;度过live with 和一起住;容忍;忍受You might not like the situation, but youll have to learn to live with it.(17) look(vt./vi.) 看 瞧，打量，留神(linking v.) 显得；看上去+ 形容词/介词短语/名词+ as if/as though(n.)看 give sb. a look脸色；神态 a puzzled look（常用复数）容貌；外表Dont judge a man by his looks.短语：look about 四下环顾look away from 把目光从移开look down upon 轻视;看不起look back on 回忆;回顾look forward to doinglook into 观察;调查look onas 把看作look up (在字典,参考书中)查阅look up from (低头看某物时)抬头看look up to 尊敬;仰视(18) lose(vt.)丢失迷失;使迷路 lose ones way输;失败 lose the match错过;没赶上 lose ones train沉湎于(常用过去分词作表语) be lost in(19) make(vt.)制作引起；产生 make the same mistake做出 make a promise/deal使 make yourself at home.请不要客气。成为 You would make an excellent physician.赚得 make money采用 Shall we make it Tuesday?短语：make it 成功；做到；赶上make out看出；理解make up组成弥补化妆和解(20) mark(n.) 痕迹 an ink mark标记;记号 a question mark成绩;分数 She scored the lowest mark in her class.(vt.) (给试卷等)打分数 I have fifty papers to mark tonight.留痕迹于；做记号于 Mark the place with a circle on the map. 标志；表示的特征 The gift marks the deep friendship of the two nations.词汇测试(一)根据句意填空1. We must always _ the interests of the people _. 我们必须时刻把人民的利益记在心里。2. Keep the dog _ the study. 别让狗进书房。3. Will you be _ to shut the door? 请您关上门好吗？4. I knocked _. 我打了他的头。5. I know her _. 我知道她很诚实。6. He has _ politics. 他通晓政治。7. _ can affect learning and memory. 缺少睡眠可能会影响学习和记忆。8. He _ talk to people he doesnt know. 他缺乏信心和陌生人交谈。9. He is _ a lie. 他是最不可能说谎的人。10. I shall be back by five oclock _. 我最晚五点回来。11. He _ his hat on the table. 他把帽子放在桌上。12. All roads _ Rome. 条条大路通罗马。13. He was _ give away most of his money to the charity. 他愿意把他的大部分钱捐给慈善机构。14. The Forbidden City is _. 紫禁城很值得参观。15. The brave boy is worthy of _.=The brave boy is worthy to _.那个勇敢的小男孩值得表扬。16. Running a marathon will _. 跑一场马拉松会让你气喘吁吁。17. How _ you will go to visit her tomorrow? 你明天究竟怎样去看望她？18. They _ know the place well. 他们的确很熟悉那个地方。根据句意填空1. Here is the key _ Room 212.2. _ kindness 出于好心3. There is a knock _ the door.4. Today he is well known _ a writer.5. Guilin is known _ its beautiful scenery.6. As is known _ everybody, the moon travels around the earth.7. Are you going _ land or _ sea?8. _ the leadership of 在的领导下9. learn sth. _ heart 背下来10. We will leave _ the airport at five.根据中文写出空缺的动词（动词搭配）1. _ watch 注意，守望2. _ a bad habit 改掉坏习惯3. _ sth. goodbye 放弃4. _ a kite 放风筝5. _ a spaceship 发射飞船6. _/_ the law 守法7. _ stress/emphasis on 强调8. _ a lecture 作讲座9. _ three days leave 请三天假10. _ the light on 让灯开着根据中文写出词组1. 要点 _2. 跪下 _3. 撞倒 _4. 身势语 _5. 在十九世纪晚期 _6. 嘲笑 _7. 省略；遗漏 _8. 把留给/交给 _答案与解析：根据句意填空19. We must always keep the interests of the people in mind.我们必须时刻把人民的利益记在心里。20. Keep the dog out of the study. 别让狗进书房。21. Will you be so kind as to shut the door? 请您关上门好吗？22. I knocked him on the head. 我打了他的头。23. I know her to be honest. 我知道她很诚实。24. He has a good knowledge of politics. 他通晓政治。25. Lack of sleep can affect learning and memory. 缺少睡眠可能会影响学习和记忆。26. He lacks the confidence to talk to people he doesnt know. 他缺乏信心和陌生人交谈。27. He is the last person to tell a lie. 他是最不可能说谎的人。28. I shall be back by five oclock at the latest. 我最晚五点回来。29. He laid/put his hat on the table. 他把帽子放在桌上。30. All roads lead to Rome. 条条大路通罗马。31. He was willing/content to give away most of his money to the charity. 他愿意把他的大部分钱捐给慈善机构。32. The Forbidden City is well worth visiting/ a visit. 紫禁城很值得参观。33. The brave boy is worthy of being praised.=The brave boy is worthy to be praised.那个勇敢的小男孩值得表扬。34. Running a marathon will leave you breathless. 跑一场马拉松会让你气喘吁吁。35. How is it that you will go to visit her tomorrow? 你明天究竟怎样去看望她？36. They do/did know the place well. 他们的确很熟悉那个地方。用适当介词填空1. Here is the key to Room 212.2. out of kindness 出于好心3. There is a knock at/on the door.4. Today he is well known as a writer.5. Guilin is known for its beautiful scenery.6. As is known to everybody, the moon travels around the earth.7. Are you going by land or by sea?8. under the leadership of 在的领导下9. learn sth. by heart 背下来10. We will leave for the airport at five.根据中文写出空缺的动词（动词搭配）1. keep watch 注意，守望2. kick/ get rid of a bad habit 改掉坏习惯3. kiss sth. goodbye 放弃4. fly/send up a kite 放风筝5. lauch/send up a spaceship 发射飞船6. keep/ obey the law 守法7. lay stress/emphasis on 强调8. give/deliver a lecture 作讲座9. ask for three days leave 请三天假10. leave the light on 让灯开着根据中文写出词组1. 要点 key points2. 跪下 fall/get down on ones kneels3. 撞倒 knock down/over4. 身势语 body/sign language5. 在十九世纪晚期 in the late 19th century6. 嘲笑 laugh at7. 省略；遗漏 leave out8. 把留给/交给 leave to/with词汇测试(二)重点词汇lose, maintain, major, make, manage, manner, mark, marry, match根据句意填空：1. You can _ easily in these alleys! (迷路)2. You are _ this trouble. (负主要责任)3. The two countries have always _. (保持密切关系)4. The flight leaves in twenty minutes-_. 我们无论如何也赶不上了。5. You need to _. (学会如何有效地利用时间)6. _ to stare at people. (不礼貌)7. The gift _. (是两国深厚友谊的象征)8. Its hard to _. (精通一门外语)用适当介词填空：1. Im looking forward _ visiting the art gallery next week.2. Doctors are looking _ the case for new treatment.3. Lost _ thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.4. We are _ a loss as to what kind of business to start.5. For good heart health, eat a diet that is low _ fat and salt.6. They were _ lunch when we got there.7. Advance booking can be received _ mail.8. She greeted me _ a friendly manner.9. They have been married _ each other for 20 years.根据中文写出词组：1. 逐渐建立，加强2. 首先3. 看出，理解4. 组成，构成；编造；弥补5. 很多，极多6. 批量生产7. 大量根据中文写出空缺的动词（动词短语）：1. _ expenses/ones voice/pressure 减少开支、压低嗓门、减轻压力2. _ lunch吃午饭3. _ a machine4. _ a promise/decision/reply 5. _ ones match 遇到对手6. _ a match 擦亮一根火柴根据句意选择恰当的词语（词语辨析）：1. They are _ a football game. (look, see, watch)2. Oh, nothing. I was just thinking _. (loud, aloud, loudly)3. The box is heavy, but I can _ to carry it. (manage, try)Keys：1. You can (get lost/lose your way) easily in these alleys! (迷路)2. You are (mainly responsible for) this trouble. (负主要责任)3. The two countries have always (maintained close relations). (保持密切关系)4. The flight leaves in twenty minutes- (well never make it). 我们无论如何也赶不上了。5. You need to (learn to manage your time more effectively). (学会如何有效地利用时间)6. (Its bad manners) to stare at people. (不礼貌)7. The gift (marks the deep friendship of the two nations) of the two nations. (是两国深厚友谊的象征)8. Its hard to (master a foreign language). (精通一门外语)用适当介词填空：1. Im looking forward _ visiting the art gallery next week. (to)2. Doctors are looking _ the case for new treatment. (into)3. Lost _ thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. (in)4. We are _ a loss as to what kind of business to start. (at)5. For good heart health, eat a diet that is low _ fat and salt. (in)6. They were _ lunch when we got there. (at)7. Advance booking can be received _ mail. (by)8. She greeted me _ a friendly manner. (in)9. They have been married _ each other for 20 years. (to)根据中文写出词组：1. 逐渐建立，加强 build up2. 首先to begin with3. 看出，理解make out 4. 组成，构成；编造；弥补make up5. 很多，极多a good/great many6. 批量生产mass production 7. 大量a mass of/masses of根据中文写出空缺的动词（动词短语）：1. (lower)_ expenses/ones voice/pressure 减少开支、压低嗓门、减轻压力2. (have/eat/take)_ lunch吃午饭3. (run/operate)_ a machine4. (make)_ a promise/decision/reply 5. (meet)_ ones match 遇到对手6. (strike/light)_ a match 擦亮一根火柴根据句意选择恰当的词语（词语辨析）：1. They are _ a football game. (look, see, watching)2. Oh, nothing. I was just thinking _. (loud, aloud, loudly)3. The box is heavy, but I can _ to carry it. (manage, try)（二完形填空 (10年全国卷I）It was a busy morning, about 8:30, when an elderly gentleman in his 80s came to the hospital. I heard him saying to the nurse that he was in a hurry for appointment （约会）at 9:30.The nurse had him take a 36in the waiting area, 37 him it would be at least 40 minutes 38 someone would be able to see him .I saw him 39 his watch and decided, since I was 40 buy-my patient didnt 41 at the appointed hour ,I would examine his wound, While taking care of his wound ,I asked him if he had another doctors appointment. The gentleman said no and told me that he 42to go to the nursing home on eat breakfast with his 43 .He told me that she had been44 for a while and that she had a special disease, I asked if she would be 45 if he was a bit late. He replied that she 46knew who he was, that she had not been able to 47 him for five years now. I was 48 and asked him,” And you 49 go every morning, even though she doesnt know who you are?”He smiled and said.”She doesnt know me, but I know who she is” I had to hold back 50as he left.Now I 51 that in marriages, true love is 52 of all that, the happiest people dont 53 have the best of everything; they just 54 the best of everything they have 55 isnt about how to live through the storm, but how to dance in the rain.36. A. breathB. test C. seatD. break37. A. persuadingB. promisingC. understanding D. telling38. A. ifB. before C. since D. after39. A. taking offB. fixing C. looking atD. winding40. A. veryB. also C. seldomD. not41. A. turn up B. show off C. come on D. go away42. A. neededB. forgot C. agreedD. happened43. A. daughterB. wife C. motherD. sister44. A late B. well C. aroundD. there45. A. lonelyB. worriedC. doubtfulD. hungry46. A. so farB. neitherC. no longer D. already47. A. recognize B. answer C. believe D. expect48. A. moved B. disappointed C. surprised D .satisfied49. A. onlyB. then C. thusD. still50. A. curiosity B. tearsC. words D. judgment51. A. realize B. suggestC. hopeD. prove52. A. agreement B. expression C. acceptanceD. exhibition53. A. necessarily B. completely C. naturally D. frequently54. A. learn B. make C. favor D. try55. A. Adventure B. Beauty C. Trust DLife答案与解析：36-40 CDBCD 41-45 AABDB 46-50 CACDB 51-55 ACABD36. C seat 解析：关键名词就在后面waiting room。这个词break有可能选，但是break之前一要很紧张才行，这里老汉没有紧张。37. D telling 解析：护士对一个老汉能做的动作，最符合逻辑的是telling，告诉。 promising 表示许诺，有可能选，再看宾语就可以排除，at least 40 minutes 没有一个承诺是这样子的，我保证你至少要等四十分钟，不是承诺这是诅咒。38. B before解析：在医生诊断他之前要等待。39. C look at 解析：看动作的发出者，一个焦急的老汉会做的动作，肯定是look at 看手表这个选项。 40. D not41. A turn up 解析：词组，表示“出现”的意思。这里要注意破折号表示解释说明，我不是很忙，因为我的病人在appointed hour 里面没有出现。appoint 这个词除了任命的意思，还有约时间的意思。B. showoff 是“炫耀”的意思。42. A needed 解析：考察动词搭配，用排除法。B forget是“忘记”，他忘记了回去吃饭这样的事情，不算一个appointment。C agree to do是“同意做某件事情”，在文中没人提要求，所以不存在同意不同意。D happen to do“碰巧做某事”。 43. B wife高考资源网解析：名词找重复，这里重复再后面，刚做的时候放一放，第五段的第一句出现了marriage,表示他们俩曾经有一段，那么选老婆这个选项。44. D there解析：she had been there 表示的是她已经在那个nursing home 里面有一段时间了，有难度，其他几个选项的中文意思比较模棱两可， A. late 要迟到的是老头子，不是他老婆。 B. well 她老婆身体很健康。 C.老婆曾经在他身边。45. B worried解析：根据词义辨析。lonely“孤独的”，worried 是“焦虑的，担心的”的意思，doubtful“怀疑的”，hungry“饥饿的”。46. C no longer解析：结合后文，49空那句话给出了很好的对应。neither 表示否定二者。47. A recognize解析：之前见过，现在认不出来。48. C surprised 解析：表示惊讶。选项moved干扰度比较大，需要对全文的态度进行把握，文中进行到这里并没有很明显的作者的正面态度出现，证据就在于他的那个问句：你知道她不认识你，还是每天早上要去陪她？这句话显然不是一个正面态度的体现，而真正的态度转正的地方在倒数第二段，他忍住泪水，所以这里不能选moved这个表示正面态度的词语。49. D still解析：表示状态的持续，B. then 表示时间先后，C. thus 表示因果。50. B tear解析：关键在前面的动词hold back忍住，忍回去。忍回去的只有泪水。51. A realize解析：realize表示主观意识到。52. C acceptance解析：真爱就是对于所有一切的接受。本题点明了文章的主旨，老人不管妻子患病与否都始终不离不弃，所以是接受了一切，无论好坏。53. A necessarily 解析：这个词的意思是必要地，这句话的意思是最幸福的人并不一定是一个拥有所有最好东西的人。54. B make解析：考查动词和名词的搭配， make the best of充分利用，就是说他们可以没有最好的东西，但是他们充分利用了他们所拥有的东西。C选项favor 不能选，因为表示的意思是偏好，在这里没有比较爱人认得你还是不认得你，所以不选。55. D Life解析：生活并不是要经历暴风雨，而是要学会苦中作乐。