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八年级（下）新目标英语重点短语及句型总汇 Unit 1 Will people have robots?1.fewer people 更少的人（fewer修饰名词复数，表示否定）2.less free time 更少的空闲时间（less修饰不可数名词，表示否定） 3.in ten years 10年后 4.fall in love with爱上 5.live alone单独居住6.feel lonely感到孤独 7.keep/feed a pet pig 养一头宠物猪8.fly to the moon飞上月球 9.hundreds of 数百 10.the same as和相同 11. be different from A与B不同(=There is a difference/There are differences between A and B)12.wake up醒来（wake sb. up表示 “唤醒某人” 13.get bored 变得厌倦 15.lots of/a lot of 许多（修饰可数名词、不可数名词都可以）16.at the weekends 在周末 17.study at home on computers 在家通过电脑学习 18.agree with sb.同意某人(的意见)19.I dont agree. = I disagree.我不同意20.on a piece of paperpaper21.on vacation度假23.many different kinds of goldfish许多不同种金鱼24.live in an apartment 住在公寓里 /live on the twelfth floor住在12楼 25.live at NO.332,Shanghai Street住在上海路332号26.as a reporter 作为一名记者27.look smart显得精神/看起来聪明28.Are you kidding? 你在骗我吗 29.in the future 在将来/在未来30.no more=not anymore 不再（强调多次发生的动作不再发生）31.no longer=not any longer不再（强调状态不再发生）32.besides（除之外还，包括）与except =but（除之外，不包括）33.be able to与can 能、会2. had to stay at home （不可以用must）34.be big and crowded大而且拥挤34.be in college 在上大学35.live on a space station 住在空间站36.dress casually 穿得很随意 casual clothing 休闲服饰37.win the next World Cup 赢得世界杯 win award获 奖38.come true 变成现实39.take hundreds of years 花几百年的时间40.be fun to watch 看起来有趣41.over and over again 一次又一次42.be in different shapes 形状不同43.twenty years from now 今后20年 44.本单元目标句型： 1.What do you think life will be like in 1000 years?2.There will be fewer trees、more buildings and less pollution in the future.3.Will kids go to school? No, they wont/Yes, they will。4.Predicting the future can be difficult.5.I need to look smart for my job interview.6.I will be able to dress more casually.7.I think Ill go to Hong Kong on vacation, and one day I might even visit Australia.8.What will teenagers do for fun twenty years from now?9.That may not seem possible now, but computers, space rockets and even electric toothbrushes seemed impossible a hundred years ago.Unit 2 What should I do? 1.too loud太大声 2.out of style过时的 3.in style 流行的4.call sb up=ring sb.up=call/ring/phone sb.给.打电话 5.enough money足够的钱 6.busy enough 够忙 7.a ticket to/for a ball game一张球赛的门票注意：the key to the lock/the key(answer)r to the question)/the solution to the problem . 此处几个短语不能用of表示所有格8.talk about 谈论 9.on the phone用电话10.pay for付款13.borrow from从.借( 借进来)14.lendto 把借给（借出去）15.You can keep the book for a week你可以借这本书一周。（不用borrow或lend）19.find out 发现；查清楚；弄明白21.fail the test=not pass the test考试不及格22.fail in (doing) sth在.上失败,变弱23.succeed in (doing) sth在.方面成功24.write sb a letter/write to sb.给某人写信25.surprise sb.使某人吃惊（26.to ones surprise 使某人吃惊的是.27.to ones joy使某人高兴的是.28.look for a part-time job找一份兼职的工作（不一定有结果）29.get/find a part-time job找到一份兼职的工作（有结果）30.ask sb. for寻求/向某人要某物 31.have a bake sale卖烧烤32.argue with sb = have an argument with sb.与某人争吵 33.have a fight with sb.=fight with与某人打架34.drop off离去；散去；逐渐减少;死去 35.prepare for=get ready for 为做准备 36.after-school clubs(activities)课外俱乐部（活动）be/get used to doing 习惯做某事used to do过去经常/常常做某事lbe used for doing=be used to do sth.被用于做某事 37.fill up填补；装满be full of装满38.return sth. to sb.=give sth. back to sb.把某物归还给某人39.get on /along well with与相处很好 40.all kinds of 各种各样41.as much as possible=as much as you can 尽可能多42.take part in=join in 参加（某种活动/集会） 43.a bit =a little 一点儿（当修饰形容词或比较级时）44.a bit of =a little 一点儿/一些（当修饰不可数名词时）45.be angry with 生的气 46.by oneself某人自己/独自地47.on the one hand一方面 48.on the other hand另一方面49.I find/feel/think it difficult to do.我发现/感到/认为做某事很难.50.see/hear/watch sb. doing sth.看到/听见/注视某人正在做51.notuntil 直到才（谓语动词一般是非延续动词） 52.表示某人情绪有关的形容词用法:be/become+ upset/tired/excited/interested/worried/surprised/amazed/annoyed53. radio advice program 电台提建议的节目54. be original 新颖的55. leave something somewhere 把某物忘在某处56 sports clothes 运动服57. the same age as=as old as 和- 年龄一样58. the tired children 疲惫不堪的孩子59. complain about (doing sth) 抱怨60. take their children from activity to activity 带着孩子参加一个接一个的活动61. try to do sth, 尽量干某事 try doing sth 试着干某事62. be under too much pressure 压力太大63. a mother of three 三个孩子的妈妈64. take part in after-school clubs 参加课后俱乐部65. compepition starts from a very young age 竞争从很小年纪就开始了 66. comparewith 和-比较67. organized activities 有组织的活动 本单元目标句型： 1.Whats wrong(with you)?/Whats the matter?2.What should I do?我该怎么办 3.You could write him a letter.你可以给他写封信 .You should say sorry to him.你应该给他道歉.J4.They shouldnt argue.他们不应该争吵.5.Why dont you talk to him about it?=Why not talk to him about it? 6.The parents try to fit as much as possible into their kids lives.7.Activities include sports, language learning, music and math classes.Thirty people, including six children (six children included), went to visit the factory.8.People shouldnt push their children so hard. 9.Parents are trying to plan their kids lives for them. When these kids are adults, they might find t difficult to plan things for themselves.Unit 3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived?1.in front of 在的前面（外部） in the front of 在的前面（内部）2.in the library在图书馆3.get out of/get into出之外/进入4.sleep late睡懒觉 sleep well 睡得好 get to sleep=fall asleep 睡着5.walk down/along沿走6.take off(飞机)起飞；脱下（衣帽）7.on Sunday evening在星期日晚上8.in the tree在树上 on the tree在树上9.take photos照相10.at the train station在火车站11.run away跑开，逃跑12.as+adj原形 as和一样114.walk home走回家15.in history在历史上16.for example例如17.in the city of在市18.on the playground在操场上19.ten minutes ago十分钟前20.take place发生（强调必然性）21.happen to sth./sb. 发生（强调偶然性） 23.all over the world=around the world 遍及全世界24.outside/inside the station在车站外/内25.next to相邻，紧贴26.close to接近于；在附近27.be ill in hospital/bed 生病住院/在床28.hear about/of 听说（间接听到）29.in silence沉默不语 keep silent 保持沉默30.an unusual experience 一次不寻常的经历31.have fun doing sth 干某事有乐趣 32. have difficult time doing sth干某事有困难33.have meaning to 对有意义 34.become the first Chinese astronaut in space 成为中国第一个太空宇航员35.a national hero 一个民族英雄 36. be famous all over the world 全世界出名 37. for the first time 第一次本单元目标句型:1. What were you doing when I arrived/at that time/at 8:00 last night/from 9:00 to 10:00 yesterday? 2. I was doing sth. When+一般过去时的时间状语从句. 3. How about. / What about.?4. While sth./sb. was doing sth., I was doing sth. 5. 当不明飞行物着陆时，你正在干啥？What were you doing when the UFO landed?6. 当妈妈正在做饭时，我在看电视。While my mother was cooking ,I was watching TV.7. was walking down the street when a UFO landed right in front of me.8. You can image how strange it was. 9. I followed to see where it was going.10. Isnt that amazing! 11. She didnt thinking about looking outside the station.12. I was so tired this morning. It was difficult to get out of the bed.13. Liu Xiang won the gold medal at the 2004 Olympics.14. Beijng was made host to the 2008 Olympics.15. People often remember what they were doing when they heard the news of important events in history.16. This was one of the most important events in modern American history.17. Even the most everyday activities can seem important.18. Our teacher asked us to stop what we were doing and listen.19. However, in more recent times, most Americans remember what they were doing when the World Trade Center in New York was destroyed by terrorists.20. Not all events in history are as terrible as this, of course.21. His flight around the Earth lasted about 22 hours.Unit 4 He said I was hard-working1.every Saturday每周六2.first of all首先 3.bothand两者都（谓语动词要注意对称原则）4.neither.nor 两者都不（谓语动词要注意就近和对称原则）5.most of绝大多数6.an exciting week令人兴奋的一周7.agree on something同意某人的计划；对.取得 一致意见8.agree to do sth.答应/同意做9.pass on (to)传递10.be supposed to do sth.被期望或被要求做. .11.be mad at 对疯狂/生气12.do better in=be better at 在.方面做得更好13.be in good health 身体健康14.report card 成绩单15.sound /feel /smell /taste /look 是连系动词，一般只能跟adj.做表语16.sound like/feel like/smell like/taste like/look like听起来像/感觉像/闻起来像/尝起来像/看起来像+sb./sth.17.get over克服；恢复；原谅18.open up 打开/展开/开发/揭露19.care for照料；照顾；意愿；计较20.have a(surprise) party for sb.为某人举行一次（惊喜0聚会21.end-of-year exam=final exam 期末考试22.not-anymore 不再23.do a home project 做作业24.be surprisedhappyexcited to do sth 做某事感到惊讶、高兴、激动25.be get nervous 感到紧张26.have a very hard time with. 在-日子不好过27.an disappointing result 令人失望的结果28.take leave a message 捎（留）个口信29.have a big fight 30.it is a good idea for sb. to do sth31.to teach in Chinas rural areas32.feel lucky 33.people who need help 需要帮助的人34.something we can do for them 我们能为他们做的事35.there is no difference betweenand. 在和之间没有区别36. Groups and the work they doGroupsThe work they doGreenpeaceCares for Mother Earth”Doctors Without BordersHelps sick people in poor countriesUNICEFHelps children in poor countriesWWFCares for wild animals in danger37. the Hope Project 希望工程38. fortunately 幸运地是本单元目标句型： 转述他人话语:What did sb. say? He said I She said sheThey said1.许老师告诉我徐梦蝶会说二种语言。Mr. Xu told me that XuMengdie could speak three languages.2.许老师说地球绕着太阳转。Mr. Xu said (that)the earth turns around the sun.3.许老师告诉我他将去北京。She told me he would go to Beijing the next day.4.许老师说欧洋正在做作业Mr. Xu said OuYang was doing his homework at that time.5.许老师说王硕研勤奋。Mr. Xu said Wang Shuoyan was hard-working.6.在英语上，与听相比，我更擅长于读。In English, Im better at reading than listening. 7.情况怎样？ Hows it going? 8.她不想再当我最好的朋友了。She didnt want to be my best friend anymore.9.I said it would start a bad habit , and that she would do her own work.10.Thats about all the news I have now. Mum and Dad send their love. 11.She said helping others changed her life.12.Teaching high school students in a poor mountain village in Gansu Province may not like fun to you.13.The Peking University graduate first went there as an volunteer on a one-year program.14.Life in the mountains was a new experience for Lang Lei. Her village was 2,000metere above the sea level, and at first the thin air made her feel sick.15.Young people today need to experience different things16.Some of the students may not be able to go to senior high school or collage.17.I can open up my students eyes to the outside world and give them a good start in life.18.She said she likes being a good influence in the childrens lives.19.She now works as a math teacher at a high school in the city of Pingliang, Gansu Province.20.You are at Bs house working on a homework project.21.You were supposed to meet at the bus stop this morning to return it, but A didnt come to the bus stop.22.A calls you with a message for C. Pass on the message, and then give Cs answer to A.23.What are some things that happen on soap operas?本单元语法讲解直接引语和间接引语（一）直接引述别人的原话，叫做直接引语；用自己话转述别人的话，叫做间接引语。间接引语一般构成宾语从句。直接引语必须放在引号内，间接引语则不用引号。直接引语改为间接引语时，除将引语部分变成宾语从句外，还必须对直接引语中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等进行改变。 1. 时态的变化：直接引语变为间接引语时，通常受转述动词said，asked等的影响而使用过去化的时态，即把原来的时态向过去推，也就是一般现在时变一般过去时，现在进行时变为过去进行时等。 例如： Tom said to me,“ My brother is doing his homework.” Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework. 2. 人称代词、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等等的变化；根据意义进行相应的变化。 如：She asked Jack,“Where have you been?” She asked Jack where he had been. He said,“These books are mine.” He said that those books were his. （二）直接引语改为间接引语时，都使用陈述语序，但是因为原句的句式不同，所以变成间接引语时所用的连词会有所不同。 1.陈述句的间接引语：陈述句由直接引语变间接引语，由that引导，可以省略。 “I want the blue one.” he told us. “我想要兰色的。” 他说。 He told us that he wanted the blue one.他说他想要兰色的。 She said to me, “You cant do anything now.” 她对我说：“此刻你无法做任何事情。” She told me that I couldnt do anything then.她对我说那时我无法做任何事。 2. 疑问句的间接引语直接引语如果是疑问句，变成间接引语后，叫做间接疑问句。间接疑问句为陈述语序，句末用句号，动词时态等的变化与间接陈述句相同。引述动词常用ask, wonder, want to know等间接疑问句一般有三种： (1)一般疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时， 由whether或if 引导。 如：“Has he ever worked in Shanghai?”Jim asked. “他在上海工作过吗？”吉姆问。 Jim asked whether/if he had ever worked in Shanghai.吉姆问他是否在上海工作过。 “Can you tell me the way to the hospital?” The old man asked. 那个老人问：“你能告诉我去医院的路吗？ The old man asked whether I could tell him the way to the hospital. 那老人问我是否能告诉他去医院路。 (2). 特殊疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时，仍由原来的疑问词引导。 如：“Which room do you live in?” He asked. “你住哪个房间？”他问我。 He asked me which room I lived in. 他问我住哪个房间。 “What do you think of the film?” She asked. 她问“你怎么看这部电影？” She asked her friend what she thought of the film.她问她朋友怎么看这部电影。 (3). 选择疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时，由whether/if or引导。 如： “Is it your bike or Toms? Mum asked.妈妈问：“这是你的自行车还是汤姆的？” Mum asked whether/if it was my bike or Toms.妈妈问这是我的自行车还是汤姆的。 “Does your sister like blue dresses or green ones?” Kate asked. “你妹妹喜欢兰色的裙子还是绿色的？”凯特问。 Kate asked whether/if my sister liked blue dresses or green ones. 凯特问我妹妹喜欢兰色裙子还是绿色的。 3. 祈使句的间接引语当祈使句变为间接引语时，间接祈使句的引述动词常用tell，ask，order，beg，request，order等，而把直接祈使句变成带to的不定式短语。 如：Jack said, “Please come to my house tomorrow, Mary.” 杰克说：“玛丽，明天请到我家来。”Jack asked Mary to go to his house the next day.杰克请玛丽第二天到他家去。 The teacher said to the students, ”Stop talking.” 老师对学生们说：“不要讲话了。”The teacher told the students to stop talking.老师让学生们不要说话了。 “Dont touch anything.” He said.“不要碰任何东西。”他说。He told us not to touch anything. 他对我们说不要碰任何东西。 4. 动词时态和代词等的变动(1). 某些代词，限定词，表示时间或地点的副词和个别动词在间接引语中的变化规则：直接引语 间接引语today that daynow then, at that momentyesterday the day beforethe day before yesterdaytwo days beforetomorrowthe next day / the following daythe day after tomorrowtwo days after, / in two daysnext week/ month etcthe next week/month etclast week/ month etcthe week / month etc. beforehere therethis thatthesethosecome gobring take (2). 如果引述动词为现在时形式，则间接引语中的动词时态，代词，限定词和表示时间或地点的副词不用变化。而如果引述动词是过去时，以上内容就要有相应变化。变化情况如下： 现在时间推移到过去的时间(注意:如果直接引语是表示客观规律的,那么时态仍然用一般现在时一般现在时 一般过去时； 现在进行时 过去进行时；一般将来时过去将来时；现在完成时过去完成时；Unit 5 If you go to the party，youll have a great time!1.at the party在晚会上2.ask sb. to do sth. 请某人做某事3.stay at home呆在家4.half the class/students一半学生5.get injured受伤6.have a great time =have a wonderfulgood time玩得高兴7.take away运走，取走 put away 收起来，放好8.all the time=always一直，始终9.make a living (by doing sth)谋生10.in order to do sth为了做某事11.have a party 举行聚会12.go to college上大学13.be famous for 因而著称 be famous as 作为而出名14.make money =earn money挣钱15.in fact事实上16.laugh at 嘲笑17.too much太多(修饰不可数名词)18.too many太多(修饰可数名词复数) much too+形容词/副词 太19.get exercise 锻炼 注意（exercise当“锻炼”是不可数名词；而当“操”“练习”是可数名词）20.travel around the world周游世界21.work hard 努力工作22.wear jeans 穿牛仔裤23.let . in允许进入，嵌入 keepout 不允许。进入24.get an education获得教育25.take away拿开，拿走26.study for the test 准备考试27.make some food 准备食物 make dumplings 做水饺 make the bed 整理床铺28.half the class 一半的学生29.the rules for school parties 学校派对的规则30.childrens hospital 儿童医院31.join the Lions 加入狮队32.give money to schools and charities 给学校和慈善组织捐钱 33.become a professional soccer player 成为一个职业的足球运动员34.organize the games for the class party 为班级派对准备游戏35.play sports for a living 靠体育运动为生 本单元目标句型： 1. If you do, youll 2. Im going to 3. You should4. Dont you want to ? 5. Dont you think .?如果李老师去参加晚会，我们将会玩得非常高兴。 If Ms Li goes to the party, well have a great time.如果你穿牛仔裤去晚会，李老师将不会让你进入。If you wear jeans to the party, Ms Li wont let you in.6. For many young people, becoming a professional athlete might seem like a dream job.7. If you become a professional athlete, you will be able to make a living doing something you love.8. However, professional athletes can also have many problems.9.If you are famous, people will watch you all the time and follow you everywhere. This can make life difficult.10.If you become rich, you will have a difficult time knowing who your real friends are.11.In fact, many famous people complain that they are not happy.本单元语法讲解if 引导的条件状语从句。If是连词，所连接的句子 叫条件状语 从句，表示假设或条件，意思是 “ 如果的话”，用法如下：1、表示假设，表示将会发生和可能发生的事，或进行提醒警告。句子结构如下： If +句子（一般现在时），+主句（主语will/may/can) +动词）a. If you finish your homework , you can go out and play.b. If I have enough money next year , I will go to travel .2. 表示真实条件、客观真理、自然现象、定理定义 . 民 间谚语等，句型是： If + 句子 （一般现在时 ），+ 主句 （ 一般现在时）.例： If you study hard ,you are sure to succeed . If you put ice in a warm place ,it turns into water .If a glass falls on the floor, it usually breaks If you cook a banana, it becomes very soft .If a plant dont get enough light ,it grows very tall and thin.Unit 6 How long have you been collecting shells?1.raise money for 筹钱 2.collect stamps集邮 3.run out of用尽 4.by the way顺便说一下5.on the way to.在的路上6.be interested in对感兴趣 7.more than=over 超过8.fly kites放风筝9.start class 开始上课10.start a snow globe collectors club 开办雪球仪收集者俱乐部11.the most common(unusual, interesting) hobby 最普通的爱好12.listen to music videos 听音乐碟片13.organize a talent show to raise money for charity 为慈善机构捐钱而举办的才艺展示14.extra English lessons 额外的英语课15.have problems with the language 语言方面有问题16.the capital of Heilongjiang Province 黑龙江的省会17.an interesting city with a colorful history 一个有着丰富多彩历史文化的有趣的城市18.three and a half years =three years and a half三年半19.a pair of skates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeans 一双滑冰鞋/一双鞋/一副眼镜/一条裤子/牛仔裤How much is a pair ofl skates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeans?= How much does a(this) pair of skates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeans cost?How much are thel skates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeans?= How much do the skates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeans cost?本单元目标句型： 1.How long have you been skating? 你滑冰有多长时间了？ 2.Ive been skating since nine oclock./since I was four years old.我从九点一直滑到现在/我从四岁一直滑到现在。3.Ive been skating for five hours.我一直滑了五小时 。4.The more I learn about Chinese history, the more I enjoy living in China. 我对中国的历史了解得越多， 我就越喜欢住在中国。5.Was this your first skating marathon? No, I skated in a marathon last year.6.When did you get your first pair of skates?7.Alison was the first one to start and has been skating for the whole five hours.Alison是第一个开始并且已经滑了整整5个小时。8.Im talking to you from the Hilltop School Skating Marathon.9.For every hour they skate, each student raises ten yuan for charity.每滑一个小时，每位学生可为慈善事业筹集10元钱。10.Thanks for sending me the snow globe of the monster. In fact I think its probably my favorite. 谢谢你送我的怪物雪球仪。事实上，我想它可能是我的最爱。11.My mom says I have to stop, because weve run out of room to store them.妈妈说我必须停止了，因为我们已经没有地方来存放他们了。12.The first one I ever got was a birthday cake snow globe on my twelfth birthday.我得到的第一个雪球仪是我十二岁生日得到的生日蛋糕雪球仪。13.I particularly love globes with anima
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