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雅思阅读题目出题的本质是三种替换：同义词/词组替换，句型替换，语法替换，笔者将从这三方面根据学生课堂笔记进行分类整理。以下是剑桥真题中的考点词,替换词,一次多义总结：1.rigid/ stiff/ unchanged/ little change 僵硬的，一成不变的2.significant/enormous/dramatic/tremendous/appreciably/remarkable/crucial/ 巨大的,明显的，程度大的/substantial3.approximately 将近-nearly, almost4.proportion/ percentage 比例5.be involved (in)/ involve in/ involvement n. 涉及，卷入，参与6.given/ considering , in regard to / despite/ although 有鉴于考虑到，尽管6.induce v 引入，引导，引诱/ inductive n 归纳 generate 生产，制造/ degrade -grade 等级/ deteriorate 恶化，每况愈下41. 分类：category-categorize/ class-classify 42. consequence后果-影响/ subsequence紧跟其后/ sequence=order秩序/ frequency频率43.clash 冲突（民族，种族）/crash 飞机坠毁44. substitution= substitute sth for sb /replace45.alternative= 选择性，代替性，辅助性46.孤立：isolate/ alienate/insulate隔绝， 排外，孤立-be alien to/insulate (-ior) 绝缘，隔热（体）47缺点，不足之处：defect/ flaw/ failing/ disadvantage /drawback48.创新的，发明的，新颖的，创新的：inventive (-tion)/ innovative (-tion)/ creative (-tion)/ ingenious (ity)/novel (-ty) =n/creative/revolutionary 易错拼写：environment/ convenient49neutral 中立的，中性的 /negative 否定，消极，阴性的 /positive 肯定，积极，阳性的50ambiguous-ambiguity 模棱两可的，暧昧的/obscure51.communicate 沟通，传达，通报52.accommodate 1供.食宿，2=adapt to 适应，调整，3=hold 容纳，4使停靠53.commitment 1 to sth 奉献 2 责任,义务54contribute to 导致 result in /account for (占据)导致54.缺乏的，不足的：inadequate/ insufficient/ deficient/lack (of)/ short (of)55.强调：emphasize/ stress/ highlight/ focus on/ concentrate on英语作文常用谚语、俗语1、A liar is not believed when he speaks the truth. 说谎者即使讲真话也没人相信。 2、A little knowledge is a dangerous thing. 一知半解，自欺欺人。 3、All rivers run into sea. 海纳百川。 4、All roads lead to Rome. 条条大路通罗马。 5、All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 只会用功不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。 6、A bad beginning makes a bad ending. 不善始者不善终。 7、Actions speak louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩。 8、A faithful friend is hard to find. 知音难觅。 9、A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。 10、A friend is easier lost than found. 得朋友难，失朋友易。 11、A good beginning is half done. 良好的开端是成功的一半。 12、A good beginning makes a good ending. 善始者善终。 13、A good book is a good friend. 好书如挚友。 14、A good medicine tastes bitter. 良药苦口。 15、A mothers love never changes. 母爱永恒。 16、An apple a day keeps the doctor away. 一天一苹果，不用请医生。 17、A single flower does not make a spring. 一花独放不是春，百花齐放春满园。 18、A years plan starts with spring. 一年之计在于春。 19、A young idler, an old beggar. 少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。 20、Better late than never. 不怕慢，单怕站。 21、By reading we enrich the mind.读书使人充实，22、Care and diligence bring luck. 谨慎和勤奋才能抓住机遇。 23、Confidence in yourself is the first step on the road to success. 自信是走向成功的第一步。 24、Custom is a second nature. 习惯是后天养成的。 25、Custom makes all things easy. 有个好习惯，事事皆不难。 26、Doing is better than saying. 与其挂在嘴上，不如落实在行动上。 27、Do nothing by halves. 凡事不可半途而废。 28、Dont put off till tomorrow what should be done today. 今日事，今日毕。 29、Dont trouble trouble until trouble troubles you. 不要自找麻烦。 30、Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. 早睡早起身体好。 31、Easier said than done. 说得容易，做得难。32、Easy come, easy go. 来也匆匆，去也匆匆。 33、Eat to live, but not live to eat. 人吃饭是为了活着，但活着不是为了吃饭。 34、Every man has his faults. 金无足赤，人无完人。 35、Every man is the architect of his own fortune. 自己的命运自己掌握。 36、Every minute counts. 分秒必争。37、Each coin has two sides. 38、Fact speak louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩。 39、Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母。 40、God helps those who help themselves. 自助者天助。41、Health is better than wealth. 健康胜过财富。 42、Honesty is the best policy. 做人诚信为本。 43、Hope for the best, but prepare for the worst. 抱最好的愿望，做最坏的打算。 44、It is never too old to learn. 活到老，学到老。 45、Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量46、Like mother, like daughter. 有其母必有其女。 47、No pain， no gain.（不劳无获。）48、You never know till you have tried. 不尝试，不知晓。49、An idle youth, a needy age.少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。50、Diligence is the mother of success.勤奋是成功之母。51、Early to bed, early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. 早睡早起，使人健康、富裕和聪颖。52、Experience is the best teacher.经验是最好的教师。53、Nothing in the world is difficult if you set your mind to it. 世上无难事，只怕有心人。54、Where theres a will, theres a way. 有志者事竟成。55、Practice makes perfect （熟能生巧。）56、Pride goes before a fall（骄傲必败。）Superstar and IIts common that many students are crazy about those singers and actors. However, liyundi, a pianist, is the superstar in my heart. He is a man of few words and he even looks like the greatest pianistChopin. When listening to his music , I can get rid of everything noisy around. Whats more, I can feel his strong love for music. Rome wasnt built in one day. He achieved the great success through huge effort. I can learn from him that we should never give up to realize our dreams.Superstar and IHer name first appeared as a joke then like a wonder. She is Susan Boyle, the superstar in my heart. Although shes not beautiful, her voice and spirit moved all the audience, including me. The song I dreamed a dream that she sang touched everyones heart who had a dream and wanted to realize it. She taught me how to go on my dreams as well as never to give up. She is like a sunshine that gives me hope. Where there is a will, there is a way.2011年高考英语完型填空复习对策完型填空是集知识型试题和能力型试题为一体的综合型试题，它不仅测试考生在词语辨析、词的用法及搭配、语法、单句理解的能力，还测试考生语篇理解和综合运用语言结构能力。近年来，高考试题中完型填空题义有了新的变化：试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，缺少故事情节的文章增多，综合难度不断提高，特别强调对语篇及上下文的理解和应用。它要求考生具有扎实的基础知识，同时还得具备灵活运用语言知识，逻辑思维能力以及与其他相关学科的基本常识相互整合的分析能力。因此该题型难度大，区分度高，是考生们的主要失分题。一、考纲解读1、高考实况(1)文章的长度在200250个词之间，设空密度为1015个单词(2)首句不设空，第一句往往是文章的主题句，是考生透视全文的一个窗口(3)题目把上下文语境理解放在第一位，语法和词汇放在第二位(4)词汇的考查面越来越宽，学生不太熟悉的词越来越多。词汇以实词为主虚词为辅。2、命题趋势第一、短文内容逻辑性强，文章结构严谨，层次分明。完形填空所给的短文一般是从交代背景（setting）开始，渐次推进，直至高潮(climax)，而后结局( ending)，环环相扣，条理十分清楚。第二、文体由单一向多样化转变。近几年文体出现了故事、新闻报道、应用文、夹叙夹议等文体，已经突破了单一的叙述文体。其考查的热点依次为：故事类、教育类、社会类、文化类、体育卫生类。第三、所选短文的英语语言略低于同等水平要求的阅读理解试题。这就为考生充分发挥自己的思维能力，理解掌握短文内容，选择正确答案创造了条件。第四、备选答案中的虚词常以连词为主。连词主要起的是篇章纽带作用，只有完整确切地理解了全文，才能选出最恰当的转换词。二、规律及技巧1、方法指津（1)略读全文，掌握大意略读即快速地读，以了解文章内容、结构为目的。完形填空首先是测试理解能力，所有的题目只有在比较准确地理解短文意思，了解其文章结构和句子结构后，才能有把握去选填。很多考生在考试时为了节省时间，边读边选，但这样做是十分容易出错的。因为边读边选会一再打断阅读理解的整体连贯性，不易统览全文，理清文章的脉络。边读边选还很有可能造成断章取义，一空填错，后面都跟着填错。较好的办法还是先花1一2分钟把文章略读一下，注意：快读的目标是读懂，只快不懂或似懂非懂，走个过场，那只是浪费时间和精力。考生要根据文章内容和自己的情况，调整自己的阅读速度。略读之后，对文章的内容、结构及文章的主要线索，都要心中有数。完形填空短文的第一句通常不挖空。这是便于考生对短文主题、内容或背景有个大概了解。第一句也常直接点明主题内容，是设置语境的框架性句子。通读全文时，不要拘泥于一词一义的理解。对个别不理解的单词、短语，只要不影响就可以不管它。2)瞻前顾后，谨慎选择文意既明，就开始选择。完型填空的每个空格究竟该选哪个选择项才恰当，取决于以下几个方面：第一，语境。语境即上下文，它包括选择项与所在句子中的语意及所在句与周围语句的意义上的关系，所在句在本段中所起的作用，所在句在整篇短文所起的作用以及与交章内容主线的关系。有些选择项根据上下句就能比较容易做出正确判断，而有些选择项则必须根据整篇文章的大意才能推出。第二，语法知识。从语言环境角度筛选后，不能得出最终答案，还要从语法角度再考虑动词的形式，句子的结构形式等。第三，必要的常识。第四，注意同义词、近义词的细微区别和一些固定搭配。总之，判断正确答案要从多角度去考虑，把语境、语法、词法、常识、固定搭配等有机地结合起来综合考虑是做完型填空题的最佳方法。（3）复读全文，仔细检查完成选择后，最好再用一两分钟将短文从头看一遍使这一遍阅读顺畅，建议考生第二步就把选择的词预填在空格中。阅读时，对感觉不恰当的，可尝试这样的解题步骤：第一步：纵观加联想。通读全文，掌握大意。在通读的过程中，通过前后联想，猜测空格词的意思，以达到掌握大意的目的。第二步：先易且定夺。对照选项再读全文。验证、修正原来的猜测，将有把握的答案确定下来。这时往往绝大多数小题都已解出。 第三步：攻难再复读。重点检查尚未解出的小题的前后句子，解出那些原来拿不准的少数题。第四步：反思并修正。将所选单词放入原文中。重读全文，看看有无逻辑上的问题，以期发现错误、改正错误。2、完型填空考查重点（1）语言知识辨析能力完型填空题的选项中大多是词汇，尤其作为干扰项的词语，在语法结构上可能都正确，也就是说把每一个选项填入空白处从语法角度上可能都是正确的，关键在于特殊语境下的语义和语境对所填词汇的真正的含义的干扰。这就要求考生既要有准确辨析词义的能力，又要把握住填空的答题时间。在这段时间内，考生不仅要读完全文和选项，而且还要考虑各个选项的正误，必要时还要对上下文的语境进行辨别，对句子结构进行分析，对词义进行辨析，对隐含的主题进行推断，有的答案还要反复查读。由此可见，阅读速度的快慢会直接影响答题速度。（2）快速跳读的阅读理解能力（3）篇章结构分析能力“完形填空”题的短文一般是取自于一篇结构严谨的文章或独立成篇的短文，层次清楚，线索不复杂，用几个段落就可以集中地表达一个主题。阅读时首先确定短文的体裁，分清段落之间的层次关系，找准短文的主题，按主题线索合理推断文意，准确选择答案。（4）整体语言信息的综合判断能力“完形填空”题提供的是一篇完整的语言信息，有着完整的语境。考生在答题时只有把各个孤立的选项放在完整的语境中考虑，才可能选出最佳答案。3、完形填空解题步骤及技巧要想在高考中拿下完形填空这个堡垒，考生须具备扎实的基础知识以及快速阅读和理解的能力。 另外，良好的心理素质和思维品质也至关重要。解题步骤（1）研读首句，启示全文（2）通览全文，抓准主旨有的同学或是急于求成，总想“一步到位”，或是由于原文设计的空格所造成的理解障碍。担心通读文章不但抓不住大意反而浪费时间，未通览全文即边读边填，结果是就句论句，无法形成连贯的思路，或“见木不见林”，理解偏离文章的中心，欲速则不达。（3）细读全文，透析文意有的同学在做完型填空题时，一看到一些自己比较熟悉的语法结构，如句子、短语等，便不加思索地去选，对特定的语境不去作深人的理解，导致“思维定势”的错误。事实上，从NMET完型填空的出题特点看，其干扰项的设置“均与语法结构”错误无关，重在文意的干扰，这是出题者近几年始终坚持的方向。NMET完型填空的四个选项并不是一种单纯的词汇辨析，因为从语法的角度来看每个选项都是正确的。因此是否能恰如其分地表达文意才是选正确答案或最佳答案的唯一标准，要吃透文意，理解到位。 （4）全面验证，理清逻辑NMET完型填空所选文章都堪称精品，其逻辑必是上下贯通，无懈可击，其纹理脉络也必是自然有序，令人信服。因此，做完一篇完型填空以后，大家对文章的线索、脉络以及主旨、寓意等心里也应该有一种很“明朗”的感觉；如果做完以后，还是似懂非懂，犹如“雾里看花”那就证明你对文章的把握还有问题，还要复读全文，验证答案 。解题技巧（1）信息词直接推断法：根据空格语言信息的背景特点，从上下文中直接找出基本上相同的信息。（2）主旨推断法：利用通常不设空的首句或首节，推断全文的主旨，并在主旨的指引下展开合理的想象，进行合乎逻辑的推理判断，这样文章主旨就会逐渐显露直至豁然开朗。（3）逻辑推断法（4）语境词汇推断法（5）择优法（6）排除法三、现阶段完型填空题教学的现状及问题1、现状：（1）练习量小。由于处于第一轮复习阶段，梳理课本基础知识所占比重较大，完型填空题的练习量明显不足。没有量的积累怎会产生质的飞跃。（2）规律和技巧探究不到位。只满足于简单的就题论题的讲练。不注意研究、积累规律和技巧。（3）体裁单一，缺少多样化。仅满足于手头材料，对所练习的完型填空材料筛选力度不够。（4）在完型填空题的练习上不注重整篇文章的理解，这样往往会出现断章取义的问题。（5）无暇研究高考完型填空题，对高考完型填空题的命题趋势捉摸不透。（6）不注意研究和积累中外文化习俗的差异，缺少英语国家的语言思维，会导致思维错误。（7）还存在因完型填空题在高考中分值减少而降低重视力度的现象。2、注意的问题完型填空的教学还应注意以下几点：1）注意上下文的内在联系断章取义，就题论题，忽视上下文的信息提示是学生常犯的错误。考生在做完型填空的过程中，应学会边读边在大脑中储藏上下文的信息。2）从词汇意义及用法的角度考虑NMET完型填空题中考查词汇意义及用法的题目逐年增多。做好这类题，必须有较大的词汇量，还应该能够结合上下文确定词义。3）从逻辑推理、常识等角度考虑逻辑推理和生活常识是命题人经常考虑的一个考点。4）从惯用法和搭配的角度考虑用学生平日常见的固定搭配来干扰学生对具体语境的判定，利用定势思维来增强试题的诱惑性，是出题者的另一重要手段，千万不可忽略“小节”。5）注意英汉两种语言的差异，不能简单地互译出题者深知学生在英语学习过程中的弱点，往往从母语的角度设置干扰项来增加试题难度，考查学生的基本功和灵活运用能力，所以在平常的学习中，要逐渐培养自己的“语感”不要受母语的影响。6）发挥逻辑思维能力，挖掘文章寓意近几年NMET完型填空大多为叙事性短文，内容贴近生活，易于理解，所以很容易给学生造成一种“假象”产生“轻敌”心理，有的同学做完一篇完型填空以后自我感觉不错，但一对答案错一大片，原因是这些同学仅仅种解了文章的表层含义，而忽略了其深层含义。事实上NMET完型填空文章大都包含一定的哲理、寓意，具备深层探询的可能性，这就要求考生不仅要明确文章的表层意义，还要挖掘出文章的深层含义，做到“表里”一致。3 完型填空解题误区（1）急于求成，慌忙答卷，造成失误（2）忽视具体语言环境而造成失误（3）句式结构分析不透而造成失误（4）词义辨析不清而造成失误（5 )逻辑关系分辨不清而造成失误（6 )缺少中外文化差异而造成失误四、完型填空备考建议1、强化记忆高考说明中所要求的单词和短语，对于同义、 近义词及短语要注意细心体会其细微差别。2、多读一些英语原文，培养自己的英语素养，阅读体裁力求多样，内容丰富。3、做典型题，研究高考题，体会解题方法与技巧，并且在大题量训练中实际运用，提高自己的解题能力。4、春节过后要进行完型填空的板块练习和限时练习。5、选完型填空题的材料时，要注意考点、设空的设计。6、讲解完型填空题的方法建议：（1）学生讨论交换意见；（2）对答案；（3）再讨论，学生讲解；（4）教师点拨讲解，总结规律；（5）学生朗读，体会文意、语境、上下文的连贯性等；（6）过一段时间，要求学生复习做过的经典完型填空题。从对近几年高考全国试题和江苏试题的情况分析和研究的情况来看，完形填空考查的体裁多为如下几类：记叙文、夹叙夹议为主，说明文、议论文和其他小品文为辅。着重考查名词、形容词、介词、代词、副词、连词、动词、动词时态、动词语态、非谓语动词及主谓一致等语用、语法、词汇知识及根据上下文分析判断的能力。如2007年高考江苏卷完形填空20题中考查名词5小题，代词1小题，动词5小题，形容词3小题，连词2小题，介词1小题，副词2 小题，疑问词1小题，可谓样样俱全。解题思路点拨复习期间要精心选择15-20篇符合高考命题趋势的文章做限时训练用，要侧重解题技巧和技能的领悟和提高，要注意仔细品味、体验和感受身临其境的做题效果。尤其在解答夹叙夹议类完形填空题时，思维要有灵活性，要随着记叙与议论的转换及时调整思维方式，避免思维定势导致的错误。鉴于完形填空题的特点是将知识的考核与语言情景相结合，从语篇层次上考查考生语言知识的运用能力。因此，考生在做此题时，一定要注重整体，注重综合，注重上下文信息的关联，要以整体思维代替局部思维。完形填空，首先知其意才能完其形。做完形填空的三步法。（一） 快速浏览全文，掌握主旨，不要急着看选项。第一个句子是完整的，考生要认真、重点理解这一句的意思，进而了解文章背景，理清文章内容的线索。在快速阅读过程中，脑子中可以有选择意向，但不要急于动笔选择答案，要一口气读到底，遇到不懂的地方先跳过去，继续往下读，以求纵观上下文，获得对文章内容的整体理解，从而确定判断选择的基本思路，切忌看一句选一题。要特别注意文中的人物，时间，地点，事件，即who, when, where, what等关键词。（二）细读短文，选择答案。在快速浏览全文后，做题技巧和做单选题基本相同，即首用直接法，然后用比较法和排除法。不同点是它的背景更大一些，强调语篇对选项的限定作用。另一点是遇到难题跳过去，不必耗时过长，等读到下文中的暗示再立即补上。（三）通读全文，检查确认。初步做完后要从宏观的角度迅速审核检查，要重点检查用词是否得体，结构、逻辑、人物关系是否清楚，从而避免理解方面的方向性错误。连词，副词，从结构上，语义及逻辑是否一致等方面判断选项是否合理。具体操作时应注意以下问题。从上下文中找定位词。例如：Mrs ONeill asked _ questions and she didnt scold us either.A. no B. certain C. many D. moreand 是一个并列连词；either为副词，用在否定句式，否定词后加强语气。因此可以确定所填的词也是一个否定词，因此答案是A。另外，06年江苏卷第53、55小题都属此类。固定搭配中找答案。例如：Heres a fellow who just walked into a bank and helped himself _ so much money.for B. by C. to D. of在表示“ 自取，随便拿”这个意义的短语是help oneself to.， 故答案为C。另外，06年江苏卷第37，39，43，44，50小题都属此类。搞清辨异。词汇辨异占最重分量。例如：Soon I heard a _ like that of a door burst in and then a climb of feet.A. sound B. cry C. voice D. shout选项中的四个词都表示不同的声音， 但B,C,D项都是从嗓里发出来的，而sound则表示各种各样的声音，因此答案为A。另外，06年江苏卷第48、49、51、52小题都属此类。搞清逻辑关系。例如：It has been many years since I was last in London _ I still remember something that happened during that visit.A. and B. for C .but D. as根据前面的many years 和句后的still remember ， 答案应是表示转折的连词but。另外，06年江苏卷第38、41、42、45、47、54小题都属此类。重视动词。动词出现率最高。首先要搞清是谓语用法还是非谓语用法， 然后再根据时间等分清它的变化形式。例如：1）Sales of CDs have greatly increased since the early 1990s, when people _to enjoy the advantages of this new technology. （ 2005 江苏）A. begin B. began C. have begun D. had begun此题考察的是谓语用法，从句讲的九十年代的事，所以选一般过去时B 项。另外，06年江苏卷第44、45、46、49、50小题都属此类。考点精练ATwo weeks before Christmas, Mother told me we were going to my grandmothers house for the holiday. Grandma and Uncle Henry lived on a farm some 15 miles out of town. They had no electricity or running water and 1 _ what I considered the “good things” in life . They 2 made no plans for Christmas. When Christmas Eve arrived , Mom told me in her best “Imeantit” voice to 3 all the decorations (装饰物) from our tree . She packed those up , 4 all the trimmings (材料) for a 5 turkey dinner .Christmas morning 6 perfectly, with the sun shinning brightly across a fresh blanket of snow . 7 I sulked (生气) silently in the backseat of the car as we made our 8 to grandmas . This was going to be the 9 Christmas ever!Grandma was 10 to see us as we walked up to her door. “What on earth are you going here ?” she stammered .” We werent expecting 11 . Its Christmas , and I dont even have a turkey to cook for you .” “I knew 12 .” Mom said as we set boxes of goodies on the kitchen table. “Thats 13 we brought one with us.” “We 14 have a tree,” Mom insisted. “15 what will we do with all these decorations? Uncle Henry quickly caught Mons spirit. He called me to join him, and we found a perfect Christmas tree in the woods. Soon the house 16 fresh and piney as we decorated the tree, and the day 17 a festive air. The turkey dinner was very good, too. I was actually beginning to enjoy this unusual Christmas day! Dessert was forgotten 18 Mom came out with the final surprise a flaming （燃烧的） pudding ! “Merry Christmas, mother,” Mom said. “Dear me!” Grandma gasped. “I havent seen a flaming pudding since I left England before I was married.” Tears of 19 filled her eyes .I could not keep the tears 20 my eyes, either. I knew then that Mom had also given me the best Christmas present evershe had taught me what a beautiful thing it is to give .1. Aprepared Blacked Crefused Ddesired2. Aalso Bstill Cnever Dhardly3. Areplace Bcollect Cremove Dshow4. Ainstead of Bby the side of Calong with Din spite of5. Anormal Bcomplete Cfresh Dseparate6. Adawned Bpassed Cbroke Dhappened7. ABut BSo CAnd DThen8. Adecision Bway Cwish Dplan9. Alast Bbusiest Cbest Dworst10. Aexpected Beager Csurprised Dready11. Aanyone Bothers Csomeone Dno one12. Ayou Bit Cthat Dthis13. Ahow Bwhy Cwhere Dwhen14. Amay Bwill Ccan Dmust15. AMeanwhile BTherefore CHowever DOtherwise16. Aimproved Bsmelled Cbecame Dchanged17. Ashowed up Bcarried on Ctook on Dlighted up18. Auntil Bafter Cbecause Dunless19. Asadness Bjoy Cregret Dworry20. Ainside Bback Cinto DfromBAs a child, I was truly afraid of the dark and of getting lost; these fears were very real and caused me some uncomfortable moments.Maybe it was the strange 1_ things looked and sounded in my familiar room at night that 2 me so much. There was never total 3 , but a streetlight or passing car lights 4 clothes hung over a chair take on the 5 of a wild animal. Out of the corner of my 6 , I saw the curtains seem to move when there was no 7 . A tiny sound in the floor would seem a hundred times louder than in the daylight. My 8 would run wild, and my heart would beat fast. I would 9 very still so that the “enemy” would not discover me.Another of my childhood fears was that I would get lost, 10 on the way home from school. Every morning I got on the school bus right near my home-that was no 11 . After school, 12 ,when all the buses were 13 up along the street, I was afraid that Id get on the wrong one and be taken to some 14 neighborhood. On school or family trips to a park or a museum, I wouldnt 15 the leaders out of my sight.Perhaps one of the worst fears 16 all I had as a child was that of not being liked or 17 by others. Being popular was so important to me 18 , and the fears of not being liked was a 19 one.One of the processes of growing up is being able to 20 and overcome our fears. Understanding the things that frightened us as children helps us achieve greater success later in life.1. A. way B. time C. place D. reason2. A. wounded B. destroyed C. surprised D. frightened3. A. quietness B. darkness C. emptiness D. loneliness4. A. got B. forced C. made D. caused5. A. spirit B. heightC. body D. shape6. A. eye B. windowC. mouth D. door7. A. breath B. windC. air D. sound8. A. belief B. feelingC. imagination D. doubt9. A. lay B. hideC. rest D. lie10. A. especially B. simplyC. probably D. directly11. A. discussion B. problemC. joke D. matter12. A. though B. yetC. although D. still13. A. called B. backedC. lined D. packed14. A old B. crowdedC. poor D. unfamiliar15. A. leave B. letC. order D. send16. A. above B. inC. of D. at17.A. protected B. guidedC. believed D. accepted18. A. then B. thereC. once D. anyway19. A. strict B. powerfulC. heavy D. right20. A. realize B. rememberC. recognize D. recoverCHalf worlds languages under threatMore than half of the some 6000 languages _1 in the world today may 2 by the end of the century, the UN 3 organization UNESCO said tod
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