2020年高考英语模拟卷及答案解析（2）

2020年高考英语模拟卷（2）（考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：120分）注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AGet involved! Make a donation!So what is rewilding?Imagine our natural habitats growing instead of shrinking. Imagine species thriving, instead of declining. Thats rewilding. Rewilding is ecological restoration and a little bit more. Rewilding offers hope for wildlife, humans and the planet.Why is rewilding essential for Britain?Our ecosystems are broken. The places where you would expect wildlife to thrive have been reduced to wet deserts. The seabed has been damaged and stripped of its living creatures.Our wildlife is disappearing. Many wonderful British species have declined catastrophically over the past century. Weve lost more of our large mammals than any European country except Ireland.We need keystone species. These vital species, including top predator（食肉动物）,drive ecological processes. Their loss in Britain and around the world has worsened our living systems.Nature looks after us. Good ecosystems can provide us with clean air and water, prevent flooding, store carbon, and attract visitors. Rewilding can leave the world in a better state than it is today.What are challenges?Our rewilding britain is a long-term project. Of course it has its challenges. Many of us feel indifferent, because we have got used to the lack of native forests. Many farmers oppose the idea. They thought it a crazy idea to bring back predators to the country because they would start killing farm animals. It takes time to educate them. Above all, we need money! So we need your help!Make a donationHelp us bring back Jiving systems and restore wild nature in Britain!With your help we can.Open up new opportunities for rewilding and push for change.Develop tools to educate,influence and spread the word.Thanks for your support.1. What can we know from the result of rewilding?A. A lot of species decline.B. Species become various.C. Ecosystems are greatly destroyed.D. The seabed has been damaged.2. Whats the greatest challenge at present?A. Peoples indifferenceB. Farmers oppositionC. Shortage of timeD. A lack of fund3. What is the purpose of the passage?A. To persuade people to change their mind.B. To call on people to make a donation.C. To convince people to care for predators.D. To warn people of the bad ecosystem.【语篇解读】本文主要向我们介绍了rewilding britain这一项目是什么，它为什么对英国乃至全世界都很重要，以及这一项目所面临的挑战，最后号召大家为这一项目募捐。1.B 【解析】【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Rewilding offers hope for wildlife,humans and the planet. Rewilding为野生动物，人类和这个星球带来了希望。”可知，rewilding给我们带来的是积极的结果，故选B.2.D 【解析】【解析】细节理解题。根据What are challenges?这一栏下的“Above all, we need money!最重要的是，我们需要钱！”所以他们面临的最大挑战是资金的缺乏，故选D.3.B 【解析】推理判断题，根据文中首句小标题“Get involved!Make a donation!”，再结合全篇文章，可推测本文的最终目的是号召大家捐款，故选B.BWhen emergency workers arrive at an old firehouse in New York City, the way they greet each other is not what you might expect. These first responders say, Ni Hao! Ni Hao means hello in Mandarin Chinese.First responders are the first emergency workers to arrive at a fire, traffic accident or other emergency. Some first responders are fire fighters, while others can be Emergency Medical Technicians.In Brooklyn, New York, over 20 first responders are studying Mandarin Chinese for about two hours a week. The class is the first of its kind. It is offered by the New York City Fire Department Foundation.The U. S. Census Bureau recently reported that some New York neighborhoods are made up mostly of immigrants. Some people have predicted that the Chinese community is likely to become New Yorks largest immigrant group. They think the city will have the largest Chinese community outside of Asia.The Census Bureau also found that almost 200 languages are spoken in the city. So, knowing different languages is important, especially if you are a first responder.Lieutenant(中尉,少尉) Steve Lee is president of the Fire Departments Phoenix Society. He says that first responders must be able to communicate quickly and effectively when an emergency happens. He explains that first responders enter neighborhoods and communities to assist regardless of where they are from. Many times first responders do not speak the same language as the people they are called to help. He adds that it is vital, or very important, that first responders are able to communicate with the people calling for help.Without help from homeowners and others, Lee adds, discovering exactly where a fire is burning can be a real problem. First responders need to ask questions such as What building? What address? What apartment? And the most important question, Is there anybody left in the building and where?4. Who are first responders according to Paragraph 2?A. People first learning the disaster.B. Persons leading the emergency rescue.C. Rescuers first reaching the disasterD. People first find the disaster.5. Why are the first responders in New York studying the Chinese language?A. To show respect to the Chinese immigrants.B. To learn about Chinese cultures much better.C. To meet the rapid growth of Chinese population.D. To find a better job in Chinese community.6. What do first responders concern most?A. The place where the fire occurs.B. The people trapped in the fire.C. The language to communicate.D. The distance covered to the fire.7. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Mandarin Being a Must for Emergency WorkersB. New Yorks Emergency Crews Learning MandarinC. Language Problem Disturbing First Responders WorkD. Importance of Languages Used in Emergency Rescue【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，本文通过一个特别的视角来说明纽约的中国移民越来越多，导致救援人员都要开始学习中文，以便于在紧急情况下可以和中国移民顺利交流了解相关情况。4.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句First responders are the first emergency workers to arrive at a fire, traffic accident or other emergency.可知到达现场的第一个救援人员是应答者。故C项正确。5.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段后两句Some people have predicted that the Chinese community is likely to become New Yorks largest immigrant group. They think the city will have the largest Chinese community outside of Asia.可知纽约最大的移民团体是中国人，所以紧急情况之下第一个应答者要会讲中文，这是为了满足迅速增加的这一移民团体的需要。故C项正确。6.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一句And the most important question, Is there anybody left in the building and where?可知救援人员最关注的是是否有人被困在危险境地。故B项正确。7.B 【解析】主旨大意题。本文通过一个特别的视角来说明纽约的中国移民越来越多，导致救援人员都要开始学习中文，以便于在紧急情况下可以和中国移民顺利交流了解相关情况。所以B项与文章主旨一致。CI stood outside my front door catching my breath. After a lazy Christmas holiday, I had to recover from climbing stairs with carry-on bags and a suitcase. I looked up and blinked. Red tape crossed the door. I didnt understand Hungarian, but the one English word said enough: “POLICE”.Google Translate told me I would be arrested if I entered, so I didnt. Finally, I called my rental agent. He went to the police station for more details.My agent returned with authorization to enter. Not only were my files undisturbed, but so were the TV and printer. The burglars had taken a few items from the top drawer as well as a small amount of foreign currency in the bottom drawer. Somehow they hadnt found the jewelry box in the third drawer.I was in shock. My agents words were fuzzy, something about fixing the locks tomorrow and making a list for the police.Then one day, I remembered that Id left another jewelry box in the flat. My heart sank as I thought of another locket that had been in that box, a gold engraved one with a picture of my late honey Grandma inside. When I realized the box was missing, the whole experience seemed to crash down on me. I cried.At the end of January, I received a registered letter from the police. The burglar hadnt been found, and the case was closed. I slept with my purse by my bed. I hid my laptop when I showered. And then another challenge rose. I was unexpectedly laid off.Then one July night, I reached into my third drawer, pulled out my jean shorts, and heard a small thud. I looked down and blinked: It was the tiny jewelry box I thought had been stolen six months earlier.Inside was the locket with honey Grandma smiling at me, being there for me, telling me not to give up. I started to cry.8. What did the red tape across the writers door mean?A. There was a burglary here.B. The house couldnt be entered freely.C. The rent had to be paid quickly.D. The rental agent advertised for the house.9. What did the agent promise to do?A. To fix the locks the next day.B. To report the burglary to the police.C. To have an iron security gate fixed.D. To pay for missing things for the writer.10. Which can best show the change of the authors feeling after she learned of the burglary?A. puzzled anxious relaxed.B. shocked sorrowful nervous.C. shocked desperate hopeful.D. puzzled relieved confident.11. What is the best title for the passage?A. Red TapeB. A Jewelry BoxC. “Lost” SmileD. Grandmas Advice【语篇解读】本文是记叙文，讲述了作者在一次失窃中，原以为自己的珍贵物品奶奶的照片被偷了而心情沮丧，后来又偶然找到了。看到奶奶在对自己微笑，作者无比高兴。文章表达了对奶奶照片的珍惜之情。8.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段Red tape crossed the door. I didnt understand Hungarian, but the one English word said enough: “POLICE” （红色胶带贴在门上，虽然作者不懂西班牙语，但是根据上面的英语单词“POLICE”）可知，作者知道这是警局；又根据第二段Google Translate told me I would be arrested if I entered, so I didnt看出，作者觉得如果进去了会被抓，所以没有随便进去。故选 B 项。9.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段My agents words were fuzzy，something about fixing the locks tomorrow and making a list for the police可知经纪人跟作者说的话含含糊糊，说什么明天会修好锁，会列出失窃物品的清单给警察。故选 A 项10.C 【解析】推理判断题。第四段：I was in shock和第五段：My heart sank和the whole experience seemed to crash down on me. I cried以及最后一段：Inside was the locket with honey Grandma smiling at me, being there for me, telling me not to give up . I started to cry。这些语句描述了作者遭失窃后的情绪变化：一开始吃惊，后来以为放奶奶照片的盒子也被偷了，就情绪低落；过了6个月后，偶然地发现奶奶的照片还在抽屉的礼品盒里，在对着作者微笑，好像在告诉作者不要放弃，作者又转悲为喜。故选 C项。11.C 【解析】主旨大意题。故事围绕奶奶的照片是否被盗与作者的心情变化展开，先是以为奶奶的照片被偷了，永远失去了；六个月后又找到了，可以看出作者对奶奶的照片的珍惜之情。故选 C 项。DIts natural for parents to praise their children, but offering this praise could actually backfire, according to new science.In the study, researchers at Michigan State University looked at 123 children who were about 7. The team assessed the children to determine whether they had a “growth mindset (believing that you can work harder to get smarter), or a “fixed mindset (believing that your intelligence is unable to change). They then asked the children to complete a fast-paced computer accuracy task while their brain activity was recorded.Based on the data they collected, the researchers concluded that children with a growth mindset were much more likely to have a larger brain response after making a mistake, and in turn were more likely to improve their performance by paying closer attention to the task after making an error.While previous research has shown that people with a fixed mindset didnt want to admit they had made a mistake, this study found that children with a fixed mindset were able to “bounce back” after making an error, but only if they gave their full attention to the mistakes. “The main implication here is that we should pay close attention to our mistakes and use them as opportunities to learn study author Hans Schroder told Science Daily.For parents, the lessons are clearif a child hands you an A+ test, dont say “Youre so smart! ”Instead, say “Wow, that studying really paid off! or “You clearly mastered this material way to go! Note the effort, not the intelligence.Second, focus on using errors to work together and learn. Many teachers and parents avoid addressing childrens mistakes, telling them “Its OK. Youll get it next time. . . ” Without giving them the opportunity to figure out what went wrong. Dr. Schroder says, Instead, its better toreassure children that mistakes happen, and to pay attention and work to figure out where and how they made the mistakes. ”12. The underlined word “backfire in Paragraph 1 probably means “ ” .A. make a loud noiseB. leave a good impressionC. have an opposite resultD. produce an explosion13. According to the text, which one belongs to the group who has a “growth mindset ?A. Tom manages to correct every mistake by heart.B. Mary believes her mistakes are made by chance.C. John keeps an idea that he has a good gift for studying.D. Lily thinks she can get A+ without any effort.14. If your child gets the best mark in the test, you should .A. praise him with some delicious food and moneyB. comment him to be cleverer than other studentsC. confirm his effort that he has made for the testD. believe that he is an honest and smart child15. What should parents do with the childs mistakes from Dr. Schroder?A. Parents should avoid talking with child about his mistakes.B. Parents should compare his mistakes with others and criticize him.C. Parents should ignore the mistakes and believe he will do better.D. Parents should analyse the mistakes with their child patiently.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。研究发现表扬孩子可能造成不好的结果。对于孩子的优秀表现，家长应该肯定他的努力付出得到了回报，而非夸赞他的聪明；对于孩子的错误，要让他明白究竟是什么错了，怎么错的。12.C 【解析】词意猜测题。根据划线词所在的句子Its natural for parents to praise their children, but offering this praise could actually backfire,可知，对于父母来说表扬孩子是很自然的事，但是这种表扬事实上会，由but可知前后句是转折意义，故推测划线词的意思是“造成不好的结果”。C. have an opposite result（有相反的结果）与推测意义最接近，故选C项。13.A 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第三段的children with a growth mindset were much more likely to have a larger brain response after making a mistake, and in turn were more likely to improve their performance by paying closer attention to the task after making an error.可知具有成长心态的孩子更有可能在犯错后，并且更有可能通过更加关注他们的错误来改善自己的表现。A. Tom manages to correct every mistake by heart.（汤姆用心纠正自己的错误）符合具有成长心态孩子的特点，故选A项。14.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段的Instead, say “Wow, that studying really paid off! or “You clearly mastered this material way to go!可知当孩子考试成绩优异时，家长应该说“你的付出得到了回报”或者“你清楚的掌握了这些知识，继续努力”。C. confirm his effort that he has made for the test（肯定他为考试做出的努力）符合以上说法，故选C项。15.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的Instead, its better to reassure children that mistakes happen, and to pay attention and work to figure out where and how they made the mistakes. 可知当孩子犯错时，家长最好告诉孩子错误已经发生了，并且和孩子一起弄清楚什么地方错了，如何错的。D. Parents should analyse the mistakes with their child patiently.（父母应该和孩子一起耐心地分析错误）符合以上说法，故选D项。第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Travelling is a very enjoyable experience as it provides an opportunity to see new things. 16. The following article discusses the advantages of traveling. Traveling gives you the opportunity to disconnect from your regular life. People all have crazy schedules, work and a family to take care of, and traveling alone or with some friends can give you distance and perhaps even make you realize how important these people are to you. 17. Another great benefit is the relaxation you get. 18. When you come back you feel energetic and you are happy to be back to your daily routine. 19. They will create a bond that nothing can erase no matter what happens to the friendship/relationship. You can create photo albums and when you feel nostalgic (对往事怀恋的) you can experience the trips again by looking at your pictures.Its never been this cheap to travel. With increasing oil prices the cheap travel era might be coming to an end. 20. With the Internet and all the new technology, you can plan your trip exactly the way you want it. You can choose your budget, the duration of the trip and what you want to do.A. Its nice to enjoy a stress-free time.B. As the saying goes, you never know what you have until you lose it.C. When traveling with friends or family it creates memories of a lifetime.D. Discovering different values and ways to get by in life is really interesting.E. Going on a trip means that you are most likely going to spend time outside.F. However, there are still many budget airlines fighting for your dollar right now.G. There are many benefits other than enjoying yourself that can be realized when you travel.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了旅行对人们的好处。16.G 根据后文“The following article discusses the advantages of traveling”可知，旅行有很多好处，故G项（除了玩得开心，旅行还有其他的好处）符合语境。17.B 根据前文“People all have crazy schedules，work and a family to take care of，and traveling alone or with some friends can give you distance and perhaps even make you realize how important these people are to you”可知，人们平时忙于工作和家庭，和朋友出去旅行会让你意识到他们对你有多重要，故B项（俗话说，直到失去时才懂得拥有）符合语境。18.A 根据后文“When you come back you feel energetic and you are happy to be back to your daily routine”可知，旅行回来你会感到有活力，会更好地投入到日常生活中，故A项（享受没有压力的时光是很好的）符合语境。19.C 根据后文“They will create a bond that nothing can erase no matter what happens to the friendship”可知，它们会建立一种纽带，无论友谊如何都无法抹去，故C项（与朋友或家人旅行是你一辈子的回忆）符合语境。20.F 根据上文“With increasing oil prices the cheap travel era might be coming to an end.”可知，随着油价上涨，廉价旅行时代可能结束，此处讲的还是廉价旅行的话题，与前面形成转折关系，故F项（但是，现在仍有许多廉价航空公司在努力争取你）符合语境。第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。The snow was falling and the roads had become dangerous. The schools were dismissed early, but much to my surprise, my 21 wasnt canceled. So I went, feeling especially heroic. As far as I could see, I was risking my life to keep my 22 . Snow or no snow, I would be on time for my scheduled donation at the local 23 center.When I got there, I discovered I wasnt 24 . Four more “hero-types” were already lying back in donor chairs with lines 25 to their veins, and machines quietly pumping away to 26 their lifesaving gifts.Seeing my fellow donors honoring their own commitments, I realized why I was there. I lay back in my donor chair, ready to make a difference in the life of someone I would never 27 .To be honest, Id never really thought about why I donate. I just do it. But a few months ago, during one of my 28 donations I learned that my blood was specifically for a cancer patient and for a newborn babyboth patients needed what I would give in order to live. Ive viewed my visits to the blood center 29 ever since.My wife Karen is a 30 , too. And more importantly, she has been on the bone marrow (骨髄) list for fifteen years, ever since she signed up to provide bone marrow to a kindergartner with leukemia (白血病). That little girl died before Karens bone marrow could help her, 31 Karen was called again recently. Her test results were still on file, and it turned out she was a potential 32 for someone else. The caller asked Karen if she would still be willing to become a bone marrow donor. “Yes,” she said and then immediately began answering questions on the pages of paperwork for further testing. It was a race 33 time.I wish I could say that this 34 was won. It wasnt. The caller later thanked Karen for her participation and asked a few more questionsincluding whether or not shed 35 on the donor list. “Of course,” Karen answered.Last week Karen gave blood and next week Ill make my usual donation. Ill 36 an afternoon from my schedule and make an appointment. I dont know whose life my donation may 37 . Most likely it will be a 38 , but on any day the person needing a blood product could be you or me or maybe a loved one. It is worthwhile to 39 our time to donate.I really do feel 40 every time I donate. And I like the feeling.21. A. appointment B. classC. meetingD. flight22. A. secretB. balanceC. shapeD. word23. A. serviceB. shoppingC. bloodD. care24. A. aloneB. welcomeC. lateD. lucky25. A. exposedB. attachedC. appliedD. added26. A. examineB. produceC. collectD. clean27. A. meetB. forgetC. missD. recognize28. A. regularB. unexpectedC. specialD. pleasant29. A. wiselyB. differentlyC. hesitantlyD. carefully30. A. receiverB. doctorC. patientD.