瞬间动词用法总结.doc

中考瞬间动词用法总结瞬间动词又称非延续性动词，可以有现在完成时态，但不可以接一段时间.若要接一段时间，需要做一些相应的变换。瞬间动词在完成时态中的否定式可以接一段时间.如：I havent bought anything for two months.常用瞬间动词有：1, come, go, get to, reach, arrive, leave, see, hear2. buy, sell, open, close, get up3. join, take part in, begin, start, return, give, borrow, lend4, become, turn, bring, take, die, finish, end, receive, hear from, marry,1) 瞬间动词不用于进行时态,若是进行时态形式表示将来时态的意思.The spaceship is returning to the earth.Im leaving for Hangzhou.2) 瞬间动词不能与HOW LONG引导的疑问句连用.Wrong: How long have you left school?How long is it since you left school?How long ago did you leave school?How long have you been away from school?3) 瞬间动词不能与FOR引导的表示一段的时间状语连用.Wrong: He has bought the computer for two months.He has had the computer for two months.He bought the computer two months ago.It is (has been) two months since he bought the computer.Two months have passed since he bought the computer.4)瞬间动词与UNTIL引导的时间状语(或从句)连用时,只能用否定形式.I didnt know it until yesterday.He didnt return until midnight.Dont get off the bus until it has stopped.瞬间动词的替代办法a)用延续性动词代替终止性动词 1、用have代替buy My brother has had(不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years. 2、用keep或have代替borrow I have kept(不能用have borrowed) the book for quite a few days. 3、用be替代become How long has your sister been a teacher? 4、用have a cold代替catch a cold Tom has had a cold since the day before yesterday. 5、用wear代替put on b)用“be形容词”代终止性动词 1、bemarried代marry 2、beill代fall (get) ill 3、bedead代die 4、beasleep代fall (get) asleep 5、beawake代wake/wake up 6、begone代lose, die, sell, leave 7、beopen代open 8、be closed代close/shut 9、bemissing(gone, lost)代lose c)用“be副词”代终止性动词 1“beon”代start, begin 2“beup”代get up 3“beback(to)”代return to, come back to, go back to 4“be here (there)”代come(arrive, reach, get) here或go (arrive, reach, get) there等d)用“be介词短语”代终止性动词 1.“be in/at +地点”代替go to /come to 2. 用be in the army 代替join the army 3.“be in/at +地点”代替move to