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Unit 2 Robots*阅读理解。Bike Share Toronto is the citys official bike share program，designed to give locals and visitors a fun, affordable and convenient alternative to walking, taxis, buses and the subway. There are 200 Bike Share Toronto stations and 2，000 bikes across the city, making Bike Share the most accessible way to get around and explore.How it worksBee an Annual Member or buy a Day Pass to access the system.Find an available bike nearby，and get a ride code or use your member key to unlock it.Take as many short rides as you want while your pass or membership is active.Return your bike to any station，and wait for the green light on the dock(停靠点) to make sure its locked.Choose a planFor visitorsDay Pass：$7. Unlimited 30minute rides in a 24hour period.3Day Pass：$15. Unlimited 30minute rides in a 72hour period.For localsMonthly Pass：$25. Unlimited 30minute rides for a month.Annual Membership：$90. Unlimited 30minute rides for a whole year. The Annual Membership is the best deal for locals of Toronto and other frequent riders.The first 30 minutes of each ride is included with the membership or pass price. Avoid extra fees by dropping off your bike every 30 minutes at any other station. If you keep a bike out for longer than 30 minutes at a time，you will be charged an extra $1.50 for the first 30 minutes over，$4 for the next 30 minutes，and $7 for each additional 30 minutes after that.Contact us Customer Service：(855)8982378Repair Service：(855)8982388Corporation Partners：(855)8982398Employment Opportunities：(855)8982498【解题导语】本篇文章是一篇说明文，介绍了加拿大城市多伦多实行共享单车的一些情况：单车怎么运行、怎么收费和联系方式。1How much will the extra fee be if you travel for two hours by bike?A$5.50.B$9.50.C$12.50. D$15.50.C解析：细节理解题。根据Choose a plan部分中的“If you keep a bike out for longer than 30 minutes at a time，you will be charged an extra $1.50 for the first 30 minutes over，$4 for the next 30 minutes，and $7 for each additional 30 minutes after that.”可以列出算式1.504712.50(美元)。2For more information about working at Bike Share Toronto，contact it at _ A(855)8982378 B(855)8982388C(855)8982398 D(855)8982498D解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一部分提供的四个电话联系方式：Customer Service(顾客服务电话)，Repair Service(修车服务电话)，Corporation Partners(公司合作服务电话)，Employment Opportunities(就业服务电话)可知，与题干的关键词working对应的只有Employment Opportunities，故选D项。3Which of the following statement is TRUE?AA member can get a code or a key to the bike.BBike Share Toronto is a nonprofit organization.CShared bikes have taken the place of other vehicles.DThe green light on the dock shows the bike is unlocked.A解析：推理判断题。根据How it works部分中的“Find an available bike. unlock it.”可知，A选项是正确的。*语法填空。Residents of a town in Japan have broken the world record for building snowmen. Around 630 citizens at the Iiyama Snow Festival _1_ (make) 1,585 snowmen in one hour. The _2_ (early) record was 1,279 snowmen, _3_ was set in 2011. The event coincided with the opening of _4_ new bullet train station. Justin Patterson, the judge from the Guinness World Records organization, said the event was a wonderful occasion. He said _5_ the town was being buried in snow, the residents dealt with the challenge together in a positive light.There were strict rules for the record _6_ (break). One was that each snowman had to be over 80 cm tall. They _7_ be made of three separate snowballs, with eyes, a nose and arms. People used only their hands to make _8_ . mittee member Jiro Kobayashi told the Asahi Shimbun newspaper that the event suited the opening of the bullet train station. He said that thanks to the _9_ (cooperate) of many people, the record was broken. He said the event added _10_ the celebrations of the opening of the bullet train station. However, many people said that it was a tough thing to do because the snow didnt stick together.1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._ 6._ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._ 篇章导读：本文为一篇说明文。在日本的一个小镇，人们在一个小时内堆了1585个雪人，打破了先前创造的一个小时内堆1279个雪人的纪录。1made 考查动词的时态。堆雪人是过去发生的事，所以用一般过去时。2earlier 考查形容词的比较级。此处指一个小时内堆1,279个雪人是早前的纪录，和1,585的记录进行比较，故空格处用比较级。3which 考查定语从句的引导词。先行词为record，指物，故用which引导非限制性定语从句。4a 考查冠词。此处表泛指，故用不定冠词a。5although/though 考查连词。根据语境可知，空格处应用连词although/though引导让步状语从句，指“虽然小镇被雪覆盖，但居民们还是情绪高涨，共同迎接挑战”。6to be broken 考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，此处说的是“将被打破的纪录”，故用不定式表示将来发生的动作，又因逻辑主语record是不定式动作的承受者，所以用不定式的被动式。7must/should 考查情态动词。此处指“雪人必须/应该由三个独立的雪球组成”，故用must/should。8them 考查代词。此处指代人们堆的雪人，且作make的宾语，故用them。9cooperation 考查词性转换。此处指“幸好有许多人的合作”，且空处位于定冠词之后，故用名词形式cooperation。10to 考查介词。add to为固定用法，意为“增加；增添”。*完形填空。Do you see the glass as half-full rather than half-empty? Such clichs(陈词滥调)are 1 questions, as researchers examine with great care the power of positive thinking. Research is proving that optimism can 2 you to be happier, healthier and more successful. Pessimism leads, 3 , to hopelessness, sickness and failure, and is linked to 4 , loneliness and painful shyness. If we could teach people to think more positively, it would be like protecting them against these 5 illnesses.Your abilities count but the belief that you can succeed 6 the result. When things go wrong the pessimist tends to 7 himself. “Im not good at this,” he says. “I always fail.” But the optimist looks for other 8 . Negative or positive, you are what you think. If people feel hopeless they dont 9 to acquire the skills they need to succeed.A sense of control is the real test for 10 . The optimist feels in control of his own life. If things are going badly, he 11 quickly, looking for solutions, forming a new plan of action, and 12 for advice. The pessimist feels like a toy of fate and moves slowly. He doesnt seek advice, since he 13 nothing can be done. Many studies suggest that the pessimists feeling of helplessness 14 the bodys immune system. The pessimist doesnt take good care of himself. Feeling passive and unable to avoid lifes 15 , he expects ill health and other misfortunes, no matter what he does. He eats junk food, avoids exercise, and 16 the doctor.Most people are a(n) 17 of optimism and pessimism, but are in favor of one direction or the other. It is a pattern of 18 learned at our mothers knees. It grows out of thousands of cautions or 19 , negative statements or positive ones. Pessimism is a hard habit to 20 but it can be done. So, if you are a pessimist, there are ways.语篇解读：做一个乐观的人如果改变你的思想，从悲观到乐观，你可以改变你的生命。1.A. specific B. scientific C. physicalD. universal【答案】B【解析】根据下文出现的“researchers, research”等字眼，可以推断“这个问题”与科学(scientific)有关。2. A. help B. force C. forbidD. train 【答案】A【解析】根据下文出现的“to be happier, healthier and more successful”等积极字眼，可以推断“乐观可以帮助(帮助)你变得更快乐，更健康，更成功”。3.A. for instance B. at bestC. after allD. by contrast【答案】D【解析】by contrast对比起来，相比之下。与上文的“乐观”进行比较。4.A. patience B. carelessness C. passion D. depression【答案】D【解析】与下文“loneliness and painful shyness孤独以及痛苦的害羞”能够并列的应该是“depression抑郁”。 研究表明，乐观可以帮助你变得更快乐，更健康，更成功。比较而言，悲观导致没有希望、疾病和失败，并且和抑郁、孤独以及痛苦的害羞有联系。5.A. severe B. mental C. terminalD. normal【答案】B6.A. challenges B. contradictsC. affects D. abuses【答案】C【解析】根据下文的叙述可以知道“你的习惯很重要，但是你能成功的信念也会影响(affects)结果。”7.A. correct B. fort C. balanceD. blame【答案】D【解析】根据下文：“Im not good at this,” he says. “I always fail.”(“我这方面不行。”“我总是失败。”他会这么说)可以知道这里是指“责备自己”。8.A. excusesB. opportunitiesC. explanations D. advantages【答案】C【解析】上文说“当事情出了问题的时候，悲观者往往会责备自己”，那么“乐观者”会怎么做呢？他或她应该是寻找其他的原因即：解释(explanations)。9.A. botherB. agree C. argueD. hesitate【答案】A【解析】bother to do sth.费心做某事。如果人们觉得无望，他们是不会费劲地去获取成功所需的技能的。本段译文：你的习惯很重要，但是你能成功的信念也会影响结果。当事情出了问题的时候，悲观者往往会责备自己。“我这方面不行。”“我总是失败。”他会这么说。但是乐观者会寻找其他的解释。消极还是积极，你想的是什么你就是什么。如果人们觉得无望，他们是不会费劲地去获取成功所需的技能的。10.A. ambitionB. success C. conscienceD. wisdom【答案】B【解析】这是本段的主题句。下文所说的都是“成功(success)与否”的因素。11.A. runsB. actsC. quitsD. turns【答案】B【解析】下文中的“action”提示答案。如果事情正变得糟糕，他会迅速行动。12.A. turning up B. making up C. looking out D. reaching out【答案】D13.A. suspectsB. deniesC. assumes D. pretends【答案】C【解析】这里是指“悲观者”的思想认识。assume假定，认为。因为他认为无计可施，所以才“不寻求他人建议”。14.A. weakens B. restoresC. improvesD. defends【答案】A【解析】“悲观者的无助的感觉”显然对“人体的免疫系统”没有好处，也就是说“削弱(weaken)了人体免疫系统的功能”。15.A. aimsB. gifts C. blessesD. blows 【答案】D【解析】下文所说的都与“blows打击”有关。16.A. consultsB. ignores C. misunderstandD. follows 【答案】B【解析】跟上文“吃垃圾食品，不做体育锻炼”相起并论的应该是“忽视(ignores)医生的建议”。本段译文：控制感是对成功的真正的考验。乐观者觉得能控制自己的生活。如果事情正变得糟糕，他会迅速行动，寻求解决措施，形成一个新的行动计划，并且向别人寻求建议。而悲观主义者会觉得命运弄人，不能迅速行动。他不寻求他人建议，因为他认为无计可施。许多研究表明，悲观者的无助的感觉会削弱人体的免疫系统的功能。悲观者不能好好照顾自己。悲观者表现被动，感觉无法躲避生活的打击，不论做什么对未来都有疾病和不行发生这样的预期。他们通常总吃垃圾食品，不做体育锻炼，对医生的建议置之不理。17.A. resultB. optionC. mix D. image【答案】C【解析】大部分人都是乐观和悲观的混合体(mix)。18.A. thinking B. behaviorC. expressionD. plaining【答案】A【解析】“乐观和悲观”都与人的“思维/思考(thinking)”有关。19.A. pressuresB. favoursC. criticisms D. encouragements【答案】D20.A. develop B. assessC. break D. understand【答案】C【解析】break a habit打破一个习惯。本段译文：大部分人都是乐观和悲观的混合体，但是会倾向于一个或另一个方向。它是一种在我们孩提时代就习得的思考模式。它是从数千次的警告或鼓励、消极话语或积极话语中成长起来的。太多的“不要”和危险的警告可能会使一个孩子觉得无能、恐惧和悲观。悲观是一种难以打破的习惯，但是这是可以做到的。以，如果你是悲观主义者，有的方法。 *短文改错。Nowadays, food waste is being seriously in China. To show their hospitality in interpersonal munication, some customers ordered far more than what is enough, cause much food to be untouched and thrown away.What is even more unbearable lie in the fact what banquets at public expenses cost the reputation of our government as well as a huge amount of money. The money could have actually been spent helping those which are in need. Consequently, such waste really makes people be disappointed and depressed. To our delighted, as a nationwide campaign against waste at the dining table has launched, “Clear the Plates” is gaining more acceptance and support. Therefore, the nations “Clear the Plates” is most likely to bee the mainstream idea of hospitality through everyone efforts.答案：Nowadays, food waste is being in China. To show their hospitality in interpersonal munication, some customers far more than what is enough, much food to be untouched and thrown away.What is even more unbearable in the fact banquets at public expenses cost the reputation of our government as well as a huge amount of money. The money could have actually been spent helping those are in need. Consequently, such waste really makes people disappointed and depressed. To our ， as a nationwide campaign against waste at the dining table has launched, “Clear the Plates” is gaining more acceptance and support. Therefore, the nations “Clear the Plates” is most likely to bee the mainstream idea of hospitality through efforts.难项分析：第三处：causecausing 考查非谓语动词。此处用现在分词短语作结果状语。第七处：去掉disappointed前的be 考查make的复合结构。“make宾语宾补”中，宾补可以是动词原形、形容词、副词、过去分词等。disappointed和depressed是过去分词转化来的形容词，所以be是多余的。第九处：在has后加been 考查动词的语态。launch a campaign “发起运动”，campaign与launch之间是被动关系，所以要用现在完成时的被动语态。*
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