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阅读理解提分特训(一)A【说理议论类】Do you feel lucky? You probably dont.You may think youve got where you are today through willpower and hard work.We tend to overlook lucks role,and this seems to get worse the richer we get;surveys show that the wealthiest are least likely to owe their fortunes to good fortune.Many such people oppose taxation(税收) and government spending:why should others get a handout(救济品) if they dont need one? More often than not,they vote against the very policies that helped them get lucky to begin with.In a recent Atlantic essay,Robert Frank,an economist who has studied attitudes to chance,quoted(引用) E.B.White:“Luck is not something you can mention in the presence of self-made men.”However,if we see this just as a problem of the super-rich people,we may let the rest of us off too easily.Anyone living in a highly developed economy in the world is already the one who benefits from luckfor example,not living in the modern-day Central African Republic,where few people can live a long life.In fact,we are lucky to have been born human.You might have been a battery hen,or a mayfly with only one day to live.Our blindness to such truths isnt only because were self-absorbed but also we attach more significance to things that are easier to call to mind.Its not hard to recall countless times when you put in the effort to succeed:struggling through university finals,preparing for job interviews,tolerating a long-distance travel to work.On the other hand,its rather difficult to realize youre privilegedlike not being born in a war zone,or before antibiotics(抗生素),and so forth.1.What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 1 mean?A.Self-made men dont like to be talked about.B.Successful people owe their achievements to luck.C.Successful people tend to overlook the role of luck.D.Self-made men are more likely to show off their fortune.2.According to the author,you are fortunate if you are not .A.struggling through university finalsB.preparing for interviewsC.tolerating a long-distance travelD.living in a war zone3.We can learn from the passage that .A.few people in Africa are luckyB.each of us is actually privilegedC.people value the importance of luckD.people succeed because of luck4.Which of the following might be the best title for the text?A.Luck Is A BlessingB.We Are LuckyC.How To Be LuckyD.Who Is Lucky语篇解读:很多成功人士会把自己的成功归功于毅力和付出,而往往忽视运气的成份,而事实上,我们每个人还是很幸运的。答案及剖析:1.C猜测句意题。作者引用美国散文家E.B.怀特的名言来概括上面的内容。“在自强者面前,运气是一种不宜提及的事。”与C项殊途同归。故选C。2.D细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Its not hard to recall countless times when you put in the effort to succeed:struggling through university finals,preparing for job interviews,tolerating a long-distance travel to work.On the other hand,its rather difficult to realize youre privilegedlike not being born in a war zone,or before antibiotics(抗生素),and so forth.”可知,如果出生在了战争区域,这是很难改变的状况。所以,这是很不幸的。故选D。3.B细节理解题。根据第二段中“Anyone living in a highly developed economy in the world is already the one who benefits from luckfor example,not living in the modern-day Central African Republic,where few people can live a long life.”可知,我们每个人还是很幸运的。故选B。4.B文章标题题。很多成功人士会把自己的成功归功于毅力和付出,而往往忽视运气的成份,而事实上,我们每个人还是很幸运的。故选B。B【短篇故事类】“Your homework is to collect sounds and take them down,” Mrs.Olson said before class was over.She handed out sheets of paper shaped like giant ears.On his way home,Colin glared out the school bus window.Not fair,he thought.How could he collect enough sounds on his familys farm? If only he lived in the town.He got off the bus when it stopped at his mailbox.But he wasnt in the mood to wave as it drove away.“Im home!” Colin called when he pushed open the gate.He threw his schoolbag down on a kitchen chair.“How was school?” His mother asked,walking in with his baby brother on her shoulder.“Ive got homework,” Colin plained.“Eat something before doing your chores.” His mother gave him the animal biscuits.Colin ate two tigers,three lions,and a seal,then drank some milk.Astrid,Colins dog,woofed as Colin walked toward the barn (谷仓).Her young dogs were yipping.Colin placed dog food into their pan.In the chicken house,Colin hurried two hens from their nests.He put their warm eggs into his jacket.The black cow napped in the sun.Colin woke her when he poured corn into her pan.“Moo,thank you!” she seemed to say.Colin put the eggs in the kitchen,then climbed to his tree house as usual.He could see Dads beehives (蜂箱)by the field.Six hives usually meant plenty of humming noise.But today he couldnt hear it over the chattering sound of the sparrows.How could a person think?“QUIET!” Colin shouted.Suddenly,he sat up straight.Cows mooed and young dogs yipped.Chickens crackled in their yard.When Astrid began woofing below,Colin smiled broadly.“I hear you!” he called.He hurried down from the tree.5.Why did Colin wish he lived in the town?A.Because living on the farm was boring.B.Because people were treated fairly there.C.Because the town was near his school.D.Because collecting sounds would be easier.6.What does the underlined part in Paragraph 7 refer to?A.Doing his homework.B.Helping with farm work.C.Playing with animals.D.Babysitting his brother.7.How many animal sounds are mentioned in the text?A.4.B.5.C.6.D.7.8.What will Colin most probably do next?A.Walk Astrid.B.Gather honey.C.Draw a giant ear.D.Record the sounds.语篇解读:Colin放学时心情很不好,因为今天的作业竟然是“收集声音”!最后他明白了老师的用意,原来美妙的声音就在自己身边。答案及剖析:5.D细节理解题。根据第二段中Not fair,he thought.How could he collect enough sounds on his familys farm?可知,Colin默默抱怨:自己家的农场能有什么动静?所以他认为住在城里就好了,城里有足够的声音。6.B猜测词义题。由第八段和第九段可以看出,Colin做的是农场里的一些杂务,故选B。7.C细节理解题。根据最后四段中的Astrid,Colins dog,woofed;Her young dogs were yipping;plenty of humming noise;the chattering sound of the sparrows;Cows mooed;Chickens crackled in their yard可知选C。8.D推理判断题。文章开头老师布置了作业:要学生收集声音,故Colin此时所想到的就是把所听到的声音录制下来。【疑难词汇解读】1.chore n.日常事务;例行工作;乏味无聊的工作Making pasta by hand with a rolling pin can be a real chore.用擀面杖擀意大利面会是个非常枯燥乏味的活儿。My husband and I both go out to work so we share the household chores.我和丈夫都出去工作,所以我们分摊家务活。2.broadly adv.大体上;基本上;咧开嘴(笑)地;开心地(笑)Broadly speaking,I agree with you.我大体上同意你的意见。She smiled broadly at Janes stare.当简望着她时,她开心地笑了。 C【社会文化类】(2017稽阳联谊学校高三联考)William Pretzer was 5 years old when Rosa Parks of Montgomery,Alabama,was arrested.It was December 1,1955.The 42-year-old needlewoman was on a city bus on the way home after a days work,and she refused to give her seat to a white passenger.The full significance of the event did not register with Pretzer,so young and living more than 2,000 miles away in Sacramento,California.To be honest,it would take time for most people to gain enough views to see the protest (抗议)for what it was,the beginning of the civil rights movement in the United States,and Parks as the movements so-called “mother”.Even now,as he looks over Parks police report and fingerprints,Pretzer,who worked for Detroits Henry Ford Museum for more than 20 years,and acquire the retired GM bus in which the incident occurred,is struck by the documents.“There is nothing that makes this event look extraordinary,” he says.“It is being treated as a typical violence offense of the city code.In fact,that is exactly what it was.”Yet,while police dealt with the situation just like any other noise arguments on the citys segregated (种族隔离的)buses,Parks,her lawyers and NAACP leaders organized.“Within the African American munity,it is seen as an opportunity for progress to be made,for attention and pressure to be brought to bear on the white power structure,” says Pretzer.Parks act of disobedience inspired the Montgomery Bus Boycott,through which Martin Luther King,Jr.became known as a civil rights leader.The boycott(抵制) lasted 381 days,and on the 382nd day,backed by a Supreme Court ruling,the citys buses were officially bined.By Pretzers definition,Parks is a history maker.“History makers are those that sense the moment,” he says.9.Why was Rosa Parks arrested?A.She didnt give her seat to a passenger.B.She broke the citys segregation law.C.She led the Montgomery Bus Boycott.D.She offended the authority of the police.10.Rosa Parks can be described as.A.a history document makerB.a movement leaderC.a brave motherD.a civil rights pioneer11.What is the text mainly about?A.The act of Rosa Parks gave rise to a movement.B.Pretzer witnessed the outbreak of the bus boycott.C.The Montgomery protest ended the segregation law.D.Martin Luther King led the civil right movement.语篇解读:本文主要介绍Rosa Parks of Montgomery因在公交车的种族隔离区拒绝给白人让座与警察发生冲突并被逮捕,从而引发了黑人民权运动的故事。答案及剖析:9.B事实细节题。根据第一段The 42-year-old needlewoman was on a city bus on the way home after a days work,and she refused to give her seat to a white passenger和第四段首句Yet,while police dealt with the situation just like any other noise arguments on the citys segregated (种族隔离的) buses,Parks,her lawyers and NAACP leaders organized可知答案为B项。10.D细节理解题。根据第二段.the movements so-called “mother”可知,她被认为是先驱式的人物,故答案为D项。11.A主旨大意题。 纵观全文,Rosa Parks因在公交车的种族隔离区拒绝给白人让座与警察发生冲突并被逮捕,从而引发了黑人民权运动,答案应选A项。
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